梯形与正方形像元CCD调制传递函数的比较

在给出任意像元形状的电荷耦合器件 (CCD)的调制传递函数 (MTF)一般公式的基础上 ,进一步比较了采样阵列为正方形 ,像元形状分别为正方形和梯形的CCD的MTF ,结果发现 ,像元形状为正方形的CCD的MTF优于梯形像元CCD的MTF .     

BrONO2与Cl(2P3/2)的反应机理

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法,在6-31G*基组下,研究了Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→BrCl+NO3和Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→Br+ClONO2的反应机理.计算得到各可能反应途径的过渡态,并通过内禀反应坐标(IRC)分析加以证实.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→BrCl+NO3有两种可能的反应途径,其活化能垒相差比较大.途径I和途径II的活化能垒分别为89.5 kJ*mol-1和61.2 kJ*mol-1,该反应为放热反应,放出的热量为73.4 kJ*mol-1.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→Br+ClONO2的活化能垒为47.8 kJ*mol-1,该反应为吸热反应,吸收的热量为6.3 kJ*mol-1,这与大部分实验者的推论相一致.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→Br+ClONO2的活化能垒比较低,为47.8 kJ*mol-1,认定反应容易进行.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→BrCl+NO3途径II的活化能垒低,主要按途径II的反应途径进行.     

基于可进化性的快速遗传算法

给出三类可进化性较强的个体的定义,提出充分重视个体的可进化性并对可进化性强的个体加以引导,来提高遗传算法搜索效率的思想·同时考虑算法全局收敛性能而采用一种并行群体进化结构,设计了旨在提高遗传算法寻优效率的基于可进化性的快速遗传算法,仿真结果验证了这种快速遗传算法的良好性能     

催化热分解法纳米碳管的制备与提纯

通过催化热分解法制备了多壁纳米碳管,研究了制备纳米碳管的最佳实验条件·对制备的纳米碳管进行了提纯实验·应用X射线衍射、透射电镜对自制的原料纳米碳粉进行了粒度测定、形貌观察·纳米碳粉为球形颗粒,粒度为50～80nm·应用透射电镜对纳米碳管进行了形貌观察,纳米碳管为定向生长,直径在20～30nm之间·在1000℃,1.5h时,得到了较高收率,纯净的碳纳米管·     

注塑模腔塑料熔体流场流动路径分析

提出一种新的确定注塑成型充模阶段塑料熔体前沿位置的当量距离法 ;并按照流动路径与熔体前沿尽可能正交的原则将模具型腔划分为由浇口起始的若干条流动路径 ,将各条流动路径与不同时刻熔体前沿交织而成的网格用于注塑成型过程的数值模拟计算 ,完成了对注塑制品收缩率的预测     

多媒体在物理化学教学中的应用

多媒体手段具有其它教学方法不可比拟的优势 ,将其运用于物理化学教学中 ,使多媒体的图、文、声、屏与教学活动有机融合 ,就能使抽象难学的物理化学内容形象生动 ,易于被学生接受 仅对多媒体在物理化学教学中的应用进行了讨论     

SiO_2PMMA复合材料的粒度和结构

溶胶 凝胶技术合成了SiO2 PMMA无机 有机复合材料的均匀体系。用小角X 射线衍射、X 射线能谱仪对所合成的SiO2 PMMA无机 有机复合材料体系进行了粒度的测量。给出了在该种复合材料中 ,无机与有机成分的含量相对变化时 ,体系的粒度并不发生显著变化 ,该体系是有机相被包覆在无机相中所形成的网络等结论     

Mass march of termites into the deadly trap.

Carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes are not usually very selective about their prey, catching anything that is careless enough to walk on their slippery peristome, but Nepenthes albomarginata is an exception. We show here that this plant uses a fringe of edible white hairs to lure and then trap its prey, which consists exclusively of termites in enormous numbers. This singular feature accounts for the specialization of N. albomarginata for one prey taxon, unique so far among carnivorous plants.     

Superoxide activates mitochondrial uncoupling proteins.

Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) diverts energy from ATP synthesis to thermogenesis in the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue by catalysing a regulated leak of protons across the inner membrane. The functions of its homologues, UCP2 and UCP3, in other tissues are debated. UCP2 and UCP3 are present at much lower abundance than UCP1, and the uncoupling with which they are associated is not significantly thermogenic. Mild uncoupling would, however, decrease the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, which are important mediators of oxidative damage. Here we show that superoxide increases mitochondrial proton conductance through effects on UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3. Superoxide-induced uncoupling requires fatty acids and is inhibited by purine nucleotides. It correlates with the tissue expression of UCPs, appears in mitochondria from yeast expressing UCP1, and is absent in skeletal muscle mitochondria from UCP3 knockout mice. Our findings indicate that the interaction of superoxide with UCPs may be a mechanism for decreasing the concentrations of reactive oxygen species inside mitochondria.     

40Ar-39Ar thermochronology of two ductile shear zones from Yiwulüshan, West Liaoning Region: Age constraints on the Mesozoic tectonic events

Two ductile shear zones trending EW and NNE respectively not only controlled the tectonic framework of the northern North China, but also constrained the geodynamic background for gold mineralization in this region. Field observations and microstructural analyses reveal that the EW trending ductile shear zones are mainly contributed to dextral compressional deformation resulting from top-to- the-southeast oblique thrust shearing, whereas the NNE trending ones are genetically related to sinistral strike-slip and extensional faulting. One sample from the former yielded an 40Ar-39Ar plateau age of (219±4) Ma (Bi) and two samples from the latter gave 40Ar-39Ar plateau ages of (116±2) Ma (Bi) and (127±3) Ma (Bi). These ages provide constraints on the top-to-the-southeast oblique thrusting event occurring in Late Triassic and the sinistral extensional and strike-slip faulting event which occurred in Early Cretaceous.