Occupant evacuation model based on cellular automata in fire

By applying the rules set in traffic flow and pedestrian flow models, a basic cellular automata model is presented to simulate occupant evacuation in fire. Some extended models are introduced to study the special phenomena of evacuation from the fire room. The key of the models is the introduction of the danger grade which makes the route choice convenient and reasonable. Fire not only influences the emotional and behavioral characteristics of an individual but also affects his physical constitution, which reduces his maximal possible velocity. The models consider these influence factors by applying a set of simple but effective rules. It is needed to emphasize that all rules are established according to the essential phenomenon in fire evacuation, that is, all the occupants would try to move to the safest place as fast as possible. Some simulation examples are also presented to validate the applicability of the models.     

新型偶氮染料中间体2-氨基-5-氨甲基-1-萘磺酸合成条件的研究

2-氨基 - 5 -氨甲基 - 1-萘磺酸 (氨甲基吐丝酸 )是一种新型活性偶氮染料中间体 ,文献报道大多采用首先把 2 -氨基 - 1-萘磺酸的氨基乙酰化保护 ,然后氨甲基化及水解反应的合成方法 ,其不仅合成步骤长 ,而且需要在高压反应釜中进行。这样的制备条件在实验室操作以及进一步中试及工业化的生产中存在很大局限性。针对这种情况 ,本研究工作对反应条件进行系统的研究后 ,改用直接将 2 -氨基 - 1-萘磺酸氨甲基化合成 2 -氨基 - 5 -氨甲基 - 1-萘磺酸 (氨甲基吐丝酸 )的方法 ,去掉了氨基乙酰化反应 ,使反应步骤简化 ;去掉了高压操作 ,使整个反应过程容易操作。改进的合成方法反应条件温和 ,整体收率稳定 ,维持在 87.2 % ,获得了较好结果。     

Adsorption of Xe in zeolite MCM-22

Adsorption of xenon in zeolite MCM-22, a zeolite containing two separate pore systems，has been investigated in detail by variable temperature (VT) ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopy. NMR results suggest that Xe atoms are preferentially adsorbed in the supercages of the zeolite at low Xe pressure (less than a few atmosphere), while Xe atoms can penetrate into the two-dimensional sinusoidal channels at high Xe pressure. Exchange of xenon at the different adsorption sites in the same supercage, i.e. xenon atoms in the two pockets and those in the central part of the supercage, was confirmed at 145 K by two-dimensional (2D) ¹²⁹Xe NMR exchange spectroscopy. The time scale for the exchange is about several milliseconds.     

Genetic Diversity of Three Aristichthys nobilis Populations and One Inbreeding Stock

Genetic diversity of three Aristichthys nobilis populations and one inbreeding stock was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)method. Materials of natural populations were collected from two counties of Guangxi Province, Hengxian (NH) and Shanglin (NS) and one city of Hubei Province, Wuhan city.(NW). Shanglin and Hengxian's river system respectively belongs to Qianjiang and Yujiang River, two tributaries confluencing to Xunjiang River, main tributary of Xijiang River, which is the biggest tributary of the Zhujiang River system, and Wuhan's water system belongs to the Yangtse River system. The inbreeding stock (RS) was the more than 10 generation descendant by brother-sister mating system whose parents were collected from Shanglin. The results showed that the genetic variety of individuals of RS was very low (0.105 4), whereas that of natural populations was relatively high,which from high to low was 0.158 1 (NW), 0.132 0 (NH) and 0.110 5 (NS). As an index for genetic distance pair-wise populations, the genetic variety between populations was studied, which characterized the genetic distance between populations. The genetic distance of NW and NH, NW and NS, NW and RS were respectively high, whereas that of NH and NS, NS and RS, NH and RS was low. Chi-test(χ2) and the analysis of the genetic variety pair-wise populations was taken as efficient approach for studying population difference.     

高温固相法合成锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2研究

研究了高温固相法合成锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2时原材料、气氛、温度、时间、Li:(Ni Co)化学计量比例、氧气流量、二次烧结等参数对制备电极活性材料结构和电性能的影响，使用其优化后的工艺参数，制备出容量为170mAb/g的LiNi0.8Co0.2O2,并对此正极材料组成的电池性能进行了测试。     

不同饵料对河蟹蚤状幼体发育的影响

试验表明,浮游植物和轮虫同时存在,蚤状幼体发育正常,变态率高;仅有浮游植物的情况下,变态率明显下降,且不能发育到第V期.     

锰超氧化物歧化酶模型化合物的合成、表征及活性检测

研究近年来报道的有关锰超氧化物歧化酶及其活性部位的结构，以苹果酸，酒石酸与碳酸锰作用合成了两种超氧化物歧化酶的模型化合物，进行了红外、紫外谱图的表征，利用邻苯三酚自氧化法检测了它们的生物活性。     

一种新型超氧化物歧化酶的活性中心量子化学计算

借助Fe-SOD的晶体模型，运用Gaussian94程序包，采用HF下的LanL2DZ基组对一种新型的超氧化物歧化酶Ni-SOD的还原型Ni(Ⅱ）－SOD的活性中心进行了量子化学计算，由其分子轨道能量，电荷分布和前线轨道的贡献可以预见，Ni-SOD具有较高的结构稳定性和催化超氧离子的活性。     

用上限元法求解张减过程的轧制力

根据钢管塑性变形原理及张减变形理论 ,运用上限元法 ,构造动可容速度场 ,推导建立一系列与变形体内部虚功消耗有关的分式 ,算出张减轧制过程中的轧制力 ,并得到实验验证     

从文化的角度谈《红楼梦》中称谓语的翻译

本文拟以民族文化为背景，以《红楼梦》中称谓语的翻译为实例及切入点，探讨中西称谓的异同，分析其社会文化和民族心理根源，寻求跨文化交际中称谓翻译的规律和技巧。