Thin-layer heap bioleaching of copper flotation tailings containing high levels of fine grains and microbial community succession analysis

Thin-layer heap bioleaching of copper flotation tailings containing high levels of fine grains was carried out by mixed cultures on a small scale over a period of 210 d. Lump ores as a framework were loaded at the bottom of the ore heap. The overall copper leaching rates of tailings and lump ores were 57.10wt% and 65.52wt%, respectively. The dynamic shifts of microbial community structures about attached microorganisms were determined using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform based on 16S rRNA amplification strategy. The results indicated that chemolithotrophic genera Acidithiobacillus and Leptospirillum were always detected and dominated the microbial community in the initial and middle stages of the heap bioleaching process; both genera might be responsible for improving the copper extraction. However, Thermogymnomonas and Ferroplasma increased gradually in the final stage. Moreover, the effects of various physicochemical parameters and microbial community shifts on the leaching efficiency were further investigated and these associations provided some important clues for facilitating the effective application of bioleaching.     

广西白骨壤群落的生物量研究

本文研究了广西北海大冠沙白骨壤群落的现存生物量。测定结果表明:白骨壤群落的生物量为5272.2g/m~2,其中地上部分为2690.2g/m~2,地下部分为2582.0g/m~2.地下部分中94.8%的根分布于地面以下0～60cm 层。由于不同滩面的环境因素差异较大,位于不同滩面白骨壤群落的生物量也有所不同,位于内滩、中滩、外滩的群落生物量分别为11424.0g/m~2、2585.3g/m~2、1806.3g/m~2。     

一种新的手写体汉字笔划提取方法

提出一种新的汉字结构特征提取方法．利用二维小波变换对汉字图像进行分析和处理,分别在其高频子图像中提取汉字的横、竖、撇和捺信息,使结构特征的提取比用其它方法更简单、明晰．     

明代雹灾的关联信息挖掘研究

对收集的明代雹灾史料进行整理和分类,构建了我国明代的雹灾数据库,将雹灾的定性描述转化成定量描述。根据冰雹的大小和造成的危害进行等级划分,对发生雹灾时伴随的其它阵性天气现象进行统计分析。利用关联挖掘模型continuous association rule mining algorithm(CARMA)算法挖掘不同等级的雹灾与风、雨、雷电等阵性天气的关联性及其有关规律。结果表明:明代的雹灾与雨的关联性最大,其次是风和雷电;它们易带来大雨雹或大风雨雹等灾害。同时不同等级的雹灾发生时伴随着其他的阵性天气的置信度也存在着差异;因此当雹灾出现的时候,应同样考虑到其他如暴雨、狂风、雷电等强对流天气灾害造成的危害。获得的雹灾关联信息,可用于指导雹灾的预报与支持决策。     

Multiuser underwater acoustic communication using single-element virtual time reversal mirror

Pattern time delay shift coding (PDS) scheme is introduced and combined with spread spectrum technique called SS-PDS for short which is power-saving and competent for long-range underwater acoustic networks. Single-element virtual time reversal mirror (VTRM) is presented in this paper and validated by the lake trial results. Employing single-element VTRM in multiuser communication system based on SS-PDS can separate different users’ information simultaneously at master node as indicated in the simulation results. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60802060) and Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 200802171061)     

Human CMTM2/CKLFSF2 enhances the ligand-induced transactivation of the androgen receptor

CKLF (chemokine-like factor)-like MARVEL (MAL and related proteins for vesicle trafficking and membrane link domain) transmembrane domain containing (CMTM) is a novel gene family. One member of this family, CMTM2, also named chemokine-like factor superfamily 2 (CKLFSF2), is expressed highly in the testis and moderately in the prostate, marrow and peripheral blood cells. However, the function of human CMTM2 remains unknown. Here, we found that CMTM2 was upregulated in 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated LNCaP cells. We investigated the relationship between CMTM2 and the androgen receptor. Our results showed that CMTM2 enhanced DHT-mediated androgen receptor (AR) transactivation and the expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA). We also observed that CMTM2 enhanced the AR protein level, which was reversed by silencing endogenous CMTM2 expression, which suggested that CMTM2 might play an important role in maintaining the AR protein level. We also found that CMTM2 suppressed Akt activation. A previous study showed that Akt could phosphorylate AR at Ser210 and Ser790 and lead to AR ubiquitylation and degradation as well as suppression of AR activity. Taken together, suppressing Akt activation and increasing the AR protein level might be one of the mechanisms for the CMTM2-mediated enhancement of AR transactivation. Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2006AA02A305 and 2002BA711A01) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30271203 and 30671907)     

New-corrected functions of X-ray powder diffraction

X-ray powder diffraction is an indispensable technique to study material structure, phase transition and so on. It is necessary for high quality diffraction data to get high-precision diffraction angle. This work proposed four corrected functions of X-ray powder diffraction angle. Two methods, linearization method and modified Levenberg-Marquardt iteration method, are given to solve the function parameters, and the modified Levenberg-Marquardt method has fast convergent speed and stable solution. Two methods can give closed parameters, including those of Lu, Liu, and Chu functions and polynomial. New-corrected functions were used to fit the diffraction angle error of the tetragonal rutile polycrystalline TiO2 mixed with Gd0.45Y2.55Sc2Ga3O12 as a standard sample, and the computation result indicates that these functions can characterize the diffraction error very well. In some cases, the new-corrected functions can describe the diffraction angle error better than the reported corrected functions. At the same time, the lattice parameter of Gdo.45Y2.55Sc2Ga3O12 was computed with two methods. When the corrected function parameters and lattice parameters were solved by the least square method, the interaction of the function parameters and lattice parameters would result in great error. However, when the X-ray diffraction angles were corrected by corrected functions using a standard sample, the authentic lattice parameters can be obtained by the least square fitting.     

论民国时期贵州会道门的基本特征

民国时期,贵州会道门得到了快速发展.与明清时期相比,这一时期贵州会道门具有如下几个明显的特征:第一,名目繁多,信徒数量庞大;第二,分布地区广泛;第三,形成了一个纵横交错的会道门关系网络;第四,成员构成复杂;第五,组织结构更趋严密;第六,具有强烈的政治依附性.     

热暴露过程中7050铝合金的微观组织与性能的研究

采用透射电子显微镜和拉伸实验研究了不同热暴露条件下7050-T7651铝合金微观组织和拉伸力学性能.结果表明：未经热暴露的7050-T7651铝合金中主要析出相为Guinierprestonzone（GP区）和η′相,其中η′相与基体的取向关系为[0001]η′//[11]Al,（100）η′//（110）Al.随后7050-T7651铝合金在不同温度下分别热暴露500h,随着热暴露温度的提高,合金中析出相长大越明显,晶界附近无沉淀析出带（PFZ）宽化也越明显 热暴露温度提高,合金强度下降越多.7050-T7651铝合金经过长时间热暴露后强度下降、塑性提高的主要原因是晶内主要强化相GP区和η′相的长大粗化以及晶界附近无沉淀析出带（PFZ）宽化.     

季鳞盐柱撑蒙脱土的制备及表征

采用离子交换法将不同组份的十烷基三丁基溴化鳞交换到蒙脱土的层间得到柱撑蒙脱土.用热重分析(TGA)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)等对其结构进行了表征,并测定其抗菌活性.研究发现柱撑蒙脱土中季鳞盐的热分解起始温度大于210℃,具有较好的热稳定性;季鳞盐含量越高,柱撑蒙脱土的层间距越大,抗菌活性越高.