两种前处理方法测定菜籽油中6种金属元素含量的比较

目的:比较不同前处理方法对菜籽油中6种金属元素含量测定的影响.方法:分别使用干灰化法和湿消化法进行前处理,并用火焰原子吸收分光光度法分别测定15个菜籽油样品中铅、镉、铜、铁等6种金属元素的含量.结果:干灰化法和湿消化法处理后所测菜籽油样品中Pb、Cu含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Fe、Mn含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).各元素的R2均大于0.99,干灰化法的加标回收率81.90%~107.45%,湿消化法的加标回收率99.90%~108.05%.均满足痕量分析要求,相比之下,干灰化法与湿消化法的加标回收率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且湿消化法-火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定油样的回收率相对干灰化法的要高.结论:两种方法都能获得准确的测定结果;湿消化法要优于干灰化法.     

ZG35CrMnSiRe热处理的试验研究

ZG35CrMnSiRe铸钢经不同的热处理,对其强度、硬度、塑性和冲击韧性等机械性能进行测定,实验结果表明其综合机械性能良好。     

Cloning of a representative genomic library of the human X chromosome after sorting by flow cytometry

A library of 50,000 recombinants representative of the human X chromosome has been constructed. Human X chromosomes were physically separated using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. The DNA was purified from the chromosomes, digested to completion with the restriction enzyme EcoRI and cloned into the phage lambda gtWES.lambda B. The X-derived nature of the recombinants was confirmed by hybridization to rodent/human cell line DNA containing only the human X chromosome. Such libraries will be particularly useful for the investigation of genetic diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, where the basic defect has not been elucidated, and of neoplasia, where several specific chromosomal anomalies, particularly for the leukaemias, have been identified.     

锌精馏铅塔燃烧室热工问题诊断

针对韶关冶炼厂锌精馏过程中1号铅塔燃烧室内存在上、下空间温差较大,第2层空气助燃作用很小,第3层空气基本上失去助燃作用等问题,对铅塔燃烧室进行了热工测试.发现铅塔燃烧室内水平方向的温度并非均匀,而且其温差比上、下方向的温差更大.通过对铅塔燃烧室热工诊断及研究,得出导致铅塔燃烧室内烟气与塔盘外壁在水平和上、下方向温差大的原因是燃烧室内煤气、空气以及烟气在各喷口的分布,燃烧室和换热室间隔墙具有保温作用,燃烧室内烟气扰动,直升烟道对第2层煤气和第2,3层空气加热.其中,直升烟道对第2,3层空气的加热作用以及它们较大的沿程阻力导致第2层空气助燃作用小,第3层空气基本上失去助燃作用.这种诊断结果有利于铅塔燃烧室的正常运行和维护.     

Treatment of PC-3 cells with ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces distinct alterations in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces apoptotic cell death in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and to identify the probable mechanism. We used ultrasound in continuous wave mode with a frequency of 21 kHz and a spatial-average temporal-average intensity of 46 mW/cm². Ultrasound combined with microbubbles (200 μL SonoVue?) was used to treat androgen-independent human prostate cancer PC-3 cells for 30 s. PC-3 cells were divided into three groups: the control group, the ultrasound group and the ultrasound combined with microbubbles group. Immediately after treatment, trypan blue exclusion was used to assess cell viability. Cell apoptosis at 24 h after treatment was measured using transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax. Ultrasound combined with microbubbles had a minimal effect on the viability of PC-3 cells and induced minimal levels of cell lysis. The level of apoptosis in PC-3 cells induced by this modality was significantly higher than in controls (12.77 ± 0.31% vs. 2.56 ± 0.22%, P<0.01). Treatment with ultrasound combined with microbubbles increased the expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein. It was concluded that ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells through down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax.     

盘式永磁无刷直流发电机

阐述了轴向磁场盘式永磁无刷直流发电机的结构及其特点，提出了气隙磁场的简化模型，并对三维磁场进行了分析，在此基础上探讨了这种电机的设计方法，以最大功率输出为优化目标，导出了几个简单实用的设计公式。６极９相样机的实测数据证实了分析和设计方法的正确性，这种无刷直流发电机结构紧凑，效率高，特别适用于由引擎驱动的发电系统。     

Soil fertility limits carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems in a CO2-enriched atmosphere

Northern mid-latitude forests are a large terrestrial carbon sink. Ignoring nutrient limitations, large increases in carbon sequestration from carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization are expected in these forests. Yet, forests are usually relegated to sites of moderate to poor fertility, where tree growth is often limited by nutrient supply, in particular nitrogen. Here we present evidence that estimates of increases in carbon sequestration of forests, which is expected to partially compensate for increasing CO2 in the atmosphere, are unduly optimistic. In two forest experiments on maturing pines exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2, the CO2-induced biomass carbon increment without added nutrients was undetectable at a nutritionally poor site, and the stimulation at a nutritionally moderate site was transient, stabilizing at a marginal gain after three years. However, a large synergistic gain from higher CO2 and nutrients was detected with nutrients added. This gain was even larger at the poor site (threefold higher than the expected additive effect) than at the moderate site (twofold higher). Thus, fertility can restrain the response of wood carbon sequestration to increased atmospheric CO2. Assessment of future carbon sequestration should consider the limitations imposed by soil fertility, as well as interactions with nitrogen deposition.     

The p66shc adaptor protein controls oxidative stress response and life span in mammals

Gene mutations in invertebrates have been identified that extend life span and enhance resistance to environmental stresses such as ultraviolet light or reactive oxygen species. In mammals, the mechanisms that regulate stress response are poorly understood and no genes are known to increase individual life span. Here we report that targeted mutation of the mouse p66shc gene induces stress resistance and prolongs life span. p66shc is a splice variant of p52shc/p46shc (ref. 2), a cytoplasmic signal transducer involved in the transmission of mitogenic signals from activated receptors to Ras. We show that: (1) p66shc is serine phosphorylated upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or irradiation with ultraviolet light; (2) ablation of p66shc enhances cellular resistance to apoptosis induced by H2O2 or ultraviolet light; (3) a serine-phosphorylation defective mutant of p66shc cannot restore the normal stress response in p66shc-/- cells; (4) the p53 and p21 stress response is impaired in p66shc-/- cells; (5) p66shc-/- mice have increased resistance to paraquat and a 30% increase in life span. We propose that p66shc is part of a signal transduction pathway that regulates stress apoptotic responses and life span in mammals.