整体叶盘结构叶片弹性变形规律及其对风扇气动性能的影响

以某先进三级风扇为例,通过三维计算及试验数据分析,对比研究了整体叶盘结构及盘榫结构的不同弹性特征;分析了整体叶盘结构叶片弹性变形角变化量随叶高、相对换算转速变化的特点;阐述了弹性变形角对风扇气动性能的影响;探讨了整体叶盘结构风扇叶片的气动设计方法。试验及三维计算结果表明,整体叶盘结构的弹性变形量小于盘榫结构叶片,弹性变形角随叶高及转速呈非线性变化;应用整体叶盘结构叶片气动设计方法后,在设计转速工作点流量相对增加了1.92%,效率相对提升了0.1%,风扇性能得到明显改善。     

压裂液侵入对页岩储层导流能力伤害

大规模水力分段压裂是页岩气等非常规资源高效开发的关键技术。页岩气井返排率一般较低,大量的压裂液长期滞留地层对储层岩石、支撑剂强度等造成一定的伤害,影响页岩储层压裂改造长期效果。针对该问题,通过室内试验模拟研究现场压裂前后气测导流的变化规律,对压裂液伤害程度进行表征。结果表明:压裂液侵入降低了支撑剂、页岩岩石强度,导致支撑剂破碎率、岩石嵌入程度加剧,导流能力伤害达到60%以上;使用大粒径支撑剂、较高铺砂浓度,优选破胶性能好、低残渣、防膨性强的压裂液,能有效提高导流能力,降低压裂液伤害程度。研究结果对页岩地层压裂设计,降低压裂液伤害提高产量提供参考。     

动态卫星网络性能评估

为评估动态卫星网络性能,对现有卫星星座系统的设计和评估方法进行了研究。提出了使用网络最大流问题对动态卫星网络流量进行评估的方法。利用STK进行仿真,求得动态卫星网络的系统覆盖率、卫星对地仰角特性、系统间各节点建链时刻表。使用分段函数将动态卫星网络转化为网络多个状态的组合以求解网络的最大流。结果表明:网络最大流问题可有效评估动态卫星网络传输性能,动态卫星网络传输性能比单层卫星网络的传输性能高30倍以上。     

Contemporary crustal movement of continental China obtained by global positioning system (GPS) measurements

We obtain a unified horizontal velocity field of continental China and vicinity through measurements at 81 GPS stations provided by the National Key Infrastructure Project, Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. The velocity field delineates patterns of movements and deformation of active crustal blocks in continental China under the Eurasia-fixed reference frame. The space-based geodesy also clearly shows for the first time the horizontal movement and deformation of continental China induced by indentation of the Indian plate. The data provide kinematic constraints for simulating dynamic process of continental lithospheric deformation.     

Physical location of riceGm-6, Pi-5(t) genes inO. officinalis with BAC-FISH

A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure was adopted to physically map two rice BAC clones 24E21 and 4F22 linked to Gm-6 and Pi-5(t) in O. offi-cinalis. FISH results showed that the two BAC clones were located at 4L. The percentage distance from the centromere to the hybridization sites was 72 + 2.62 for 24E21 and 54+ 5.43 for 4F22, the detection rates were 52.70% and 61.2%. The results obtained from the BAC and plasmid clones, RG214 and RZ565 of cultivated rice and O. officinalis were the same. This suggested that the markers, RG214 and RZ565 of cultivated rice and O. officinalis were in the same BAC clones. The homologous sequences of Gm-6 and Pi-5(t) in O. officinalis were positions that signals existed on the 4L. Many signals were observed when no Cot-1 DNA blocked. This also showed that repetitive sequences were some ho-molgous between cultivated rice and O. officinalis. The identification of chromosome 4 of O. officinalis is based on Jena et al. (1994). In our study, we discussed the possibility of physical map in O. officinalis with rice BAC clones.     

A laboratory test of the electrification phenomenon in wind-blown sand flux

The measured data in the wind-tunnel tests show that the wind-blown sand particles acquired a negative charge when their diameters are smaller than 250 μm and positive charge when their diameters are larger than 500 μm, which confirms Latham’s assumption that the large particles in wind-blown sand flux acquired positive charge while negative charge developed on small ones. In the meanwhile, the measured data also show that the average charge-to-mass ratio for wind-blown sand particles decreases with the increase of the particle diameter and the wind velocity, and increases with the rise of height. The electric field in wind-blown sand flux is mainly formed by the moving charged sand particles. Its direction is vertical to the Earth’s surface and upward, which is opposite to that of the fair-weather field. The electric field increases with wind velocity and height increasing. These experimental results will lay the foundation for developing the theoretical analysis of the electrification phenomenon in wind-blown sand flux.     

用加速热稳定试验筛选甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗热稳定保护剂

为筛选具有良好热稳定保护效果的甲肝减毒活疫苗（H2株）保护剂,利用正交设计和加速热稳定试验,将不同配比的保护剂和液体疫苗混合后,封入安瓿,分别置37度和45度,不同时间取样,检测其感染性滴度,结果表明无保护剂的对照疫苗在45度条件下感染性滴度仅能维持2D不变,第3天开始下降,至4天已下降1．27logCCID50.mL^-1,而有保护剂的5批疫苗在45度条件下感染性滴度能维持5天无显著变化,在37度条件下无保护剂的对照疫苗感染性滴度仅能维持7天无显著变化,10天显著变化,下降1．0－1．1logCCID50.mL^-1,而有保护剂的5批疫苗在37度条件下感染性滴度能维持10天无显著变化,研究表明0．1mol.L^-1MgSO4,ω=5％,乳糖,0．01mol.L^-1精氨酸,0．01mol.L^-1甘氨酸组成的保护剂具有最佳保护效果,其热稳定保护效果明显优于现在使用的对照疫苗。     

电磁继电器触点面的SEM和XPS研究

使用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等表面分析方法,研究未启封、使用过失失效和使用过失效的继电器触点表面和形貌、组份和结构,结构表明,经过使用后触点表面烧蚀严重并发生磨损,其组份中含Ag、Sn、C和O等原子,C和O的XPS峰显示,触点表面氧化膜和碳化物的形成,导致接触电阻增大,从而影响继电器的稳定履使用寿命。     

Sialon/SiC复相材料的高温氧化行为

研究了以粘土直接合成Sialon/SiC复相材料的氧化行为,以及Sialon相含量、氧化温度和氧化时间对氧化过程的影响·结果表明,Sialon/SiC复相材料的氧化速度与温度成正比、与时间的平方根成正比·Sialon相的抗氧化性优于SiC相·这种材料的氧化反应是一种钝化反应,具有较好的抗氧化性,Sialon相含量的增加能提高材料的抗氧化性·     

纳米改性金属陶瓷刀具切削参数优化

文章系统地讨论了 Ti( C,N)基金属陶瓷刀具及 YG8刀具切削灰铸铁时的失效形式和磨损机理 ,研究了切削用量、Ni含量及纳米改性对刀具耐用度的影响。结果表明 ,刀具耐用度随切削用量 f、ap及 vc的增大而降低 ,纳米 Ti N改性 Ti C基金属陶瓷刀具的效果明显 ,最后通过一元线性回归分析给出了 Ti( C,N)基金属陶瓷刀具耐用度的广义 Taylor公式。