二次离子质谱进展

指出了二次离子质谱技术在材料表面分析方面有着广泛的应用,随着探测方法的改进,此技术也得到了迅速发展.在北京大学2×1.7MV串列静电加速器实验室,利用加速器飞行时间二次离子质谱装置对碳基材料进行了分析,通过实验观察到碳纳米管材料对氢具有很强的吸附能力,证实了理论上对此材料储氢能力的预言.     

Ｃｏｐｙｒｉｇｈｔ与Ｃｏｐｙｌｅｆｔ的经济学分析

Copyleft是一种全新的知识产权理念,它将知识产品的权利对外开放,对传统的版权（Copyright）制度提出了挑战,引起人们的广泛关注。通过从经济学角度对Copyright及Copyleft制度进行了比较分析,认为Copyleft满足了网络社会知识集体生产的需求,是对Copyright的超越与补充;两者都是人们在利益最大化原则下对知识产品产权形式的理性选择,并将长期共存。     

论旅游开发与民族文化的变迁——以罗平多依村布依族节日文化变迁为例

旅游介入到当地人的生活中,就意味着当地人与外界交往的进一步扩大。文化的相互影响、变迁就在这个过程中发生,导致多依村布依族传统节日发生变化的主要原因是旅游的发展,更深层的则是当地人价值观念的变化和对变迁的自主选择。     

Capacity analysis of high-rank line-of-sight MIMO channels

Matrix perturbation theory is utilized to investigate high-rank line of sight multiple input multiple output channels in a microwave relay system. The upper and lower bounds of channel capacity are derived based on space time block codes technique and singular values decomposition. A useful constraint for designing LOS MIMO channels is developed by the use of the condition number of the MIMO channel matrix. The theoretical analysis of channel capacity is confirmed by the simulation. The results show that the proposed method is able to give a physical explanation of the high-rank LOS MIMO channel matrix characteristics.     

Molecular regulation of development and differentiation inStreptomyces

Development and differentiation is an important and leading research field in modem biology. Streptomyces has a complicated life cycle of morphological differentiation including the spore germination, aerial mycelium and spore formation. Each developmental stage has a distinguished morphological feature which greatly facilitates the identification of developmental mutants, the complementary cloning and the spatial and temporal expression of the genes involved in differentiation. This characteristic of Streptomyces  is comparatively superior to other prokaryotic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Myxococcus xanthus. Moreover, Streptomyces  also possesses a complicated physiological differentiation in which it produces a wide variety of secondary metabolites (more than half of the 12 000 or so known antibiotics), including many important antibiotics used in medicine, agriculture and industry. Studies on the molecular mechanism of antibiotic biosynthesis will be helpful in improving the antibiotic producer and developing some new medicines. In comparison with eukaryotic microorganism such as Asperillus nidulans,the structure of genetic material in Streptomyces  is simple,and it is linear and conkaryotes such as Streptomyces  cerevisiae. The large number of genes are the molecular basis of Streptomyces  differentiation,suggesting that the regulation mechanism of gene expression in differentiation and development may be complex^[1]     

一株多环芳烃降解菌在焦化废水降解中的应用研究

为了提高焦化废水的生物降解率,以萘普惟一碳源分离出1株细菌CN3d。降解萘、吡啶、菲、芘时,其降解率分别达到93.0%、90.0%、99.0%和72.5%。纯培养的CN3d对焦化废水的降解率为33.6%,将其投加于活性污泥,降解率达到51.8%。鉴定CN3d为黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium)。将葡萄糖和FeCl3加入改良污泥,焦化废水的最大降解率达到55.0%,这时若将焦化废水稀释至原浓度的1／2,降解率可达70.2%。试验结果表明,CN3d对焦化废水有降解潜力,改善降解条件有利于提高投菌法的降解率。     

混凝土生产输送浇注过程计算机综合监控系统

采用最新发展的多媒体信息技术、监控技术和通信技术,建立了集计算机监控、视频监控、调度和管理等于一体的计算机综合监控系统,系统包括视频、检测、网络与数据库、优化调度和生产管理与决策5个既相对独立又互有联系的子系统。在大型水利工程中实现了混凝土生产、输送、浇注过程的综合监控和管理,对生产质量和成本进行控制,对经济效益进行分析与评价等,为复杂环境下大型水利施工的生产、调度和管理提供了一套科学而有效的方法。系统已经应用于三峡工程的大坝浇注生产中,并发挥了重要作用 。     

准噶尔盆地东部致密油水平井钻井液技术研究

准噶尔东部致密油水平井局部非储层井段地层易水化膨胀、分散或剥落掉块,长水平段钻井液携砂和润滑减阻难度大。根据地质工程特征及钻井液技术难点,提出了针对性的钻井液技术对策。通过室内实验对现场常用降失水剂、抑制剂及封堵剂等关键处理剂的评价与优选,进一步简化了钻井液配方;并强化了钾钙基钻井液的抑制和封堵性能,形成了一套适用于准噶尔东部致密油长水平井的钻井液体系。结果表明,该钻井液具有较强的抗盐、抗钙及抗钻屑污染的能力,混油后的钻井液润滑性能可满足长水平段钻井延伸能力的要求,现场应用效果良好。     

周期性三对角阵方法与反复迭代法的比较

用三维圆柱坐标同位网格方法求解环形空间中的自然对流,用周期性三对角阵（ＣＴＤＭＡ）方法求解所形成的代数方程。同时,对圆周角方向的周期性用反复迭代方式来实现的方法提出限一种实施边界条件处理的方法,并比较了采用ＣＴＤＭＡ方法与采用反复迭代法的收敛速度。对环形空间内对流换热的计算表明,采用ＣＴＤＭＡ方法比采用反复迭代法收敛要快得多。     

数字调频及数字伺服在铷频标中的应用

介绍了铷原子频标的基本原理及现状 ,提出了采用数字锁相调频电路代替原变容二极管调相电路实现对量子系统激励信号频率调制的方案 ,以及采用数字伺服电路代替原模拟纠偏电路的措施 ,可消除电子线路上的不完善给铷原子频标带来的温度系数和不稳定性