Microstructure evolution and thixoforming behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy in the semi-solid state prepared by RAP method

The effects of isothermal treatments on the microstructural evolution and coarsening rate of semi-solid 7075 aluminum alloy produced via the recrystallization and partial remelting (RAP) process were investigated. Samples of 7075 aluminum alloy were subjected to cold extrusion, and semi-solid treatment was carried out for 5–30 min at temperatures ranging from 580 to 605°C. A backward-extrusion experiment was conducted to investigate liquid segregation during the thixoforming process. The results revealed that obvious grain coarsening and spheroidization occurred during prolonged isothermal treatments. In addition, higher soaking temperatures promoted the spheroidization and coarsening process because of the increased liquid fraction and the melting of second phases. Segregation of the liquid phase caused by the difference in fluidity between the liquid and the solid phases was observed in different regions of the thixoformed specimens.     

Thermodynamic simulation of the effect of slag chemistry on the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory

The corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory against two kinds of industrial slags (coal slag and iron smelting slag) at 1550°C was investigated via thermodynamic simulations. In the proposed simulation model, the initial slag first attacks the matrix and surface aggregates and subsequently attacks the inner aggregates. The simulation results indicate that the slag chemistry strongly affects the phase formation and corrosion behavior of the refractory brick. Greater amounts of alumina were dissolved and spinel solid phases formed when the brick interacted with iron smelting slag. These phenomena, as well as the calculated lower viscosity, may lead to much deeper penetration than that exhibited by coal slag and to more severe corrosion compared to that induced by coal slag. The thermodynamic calculations well match the experimental observations, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed simulation model for evaluating the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory.     

Effect of SrCO<Subscript>3</Subscript> addition on the dynamic compressive strength of ZTA

Ceramic parts usually experience dynamic load in armor applications. Therefore, studying the dynamic behaviors of ceramics is important. Limited data are available on the dynamic behaviors of ceramics; thus, it is helpful to predict the dynamic strength of ceramics on the basis of their mechanical properties. In this paper, the addition of SrCO₃ into zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) was demonstrated to improve the fracture toughness of ZTA due to the formation of the SrAl₁₂O₁₉ (SA6) phase. The porosity of ZTA was found to be increased by the addition of SrCO₃. These newly formed pores served as the nucleation sites of cracks under dynamic load; these cracks eventually coalesced to form damaged zones in the samples. Although the K IC values of the samples were improved, the dynamic strength was not enhanced because of the increase in porosity; in fact, the dynamic strength of ZTA ceramics decreased with the addition of SrCO₃.     

伊犁河谷绿洲的形成演化与开发利用研究

伊犁绿洲是新疆非常独特,光热水土诸环境因子搭配最好的一片绿洲。本文通过系统地分析其形成演化过程与特点,划分出绿洲发展的四个阶段。本文认为,现今的伊犁绿洲正处于向现代绿洲演进的过渡阶段。基于以上分析,提出了开发该绿洲的原则与思路。     

有限单元法在露天矿高边坡岩体稳定性研究中的应用

以厂坝铅锌矿为例,通过实地调查及室内与野外实验,综合分析了该矿北帮边坡岩体的岩性分布特征、断层与节理发育状况等工程地质条件．在充分考虑到该矿为山坡型露天矿这一显著特点,以及当地地应力特征的基础上,选择最具代表性的剖面,建立了适当的力学模型．依照这一模型,利用有限单元法模拟边坡开挖卸荷的动态过程,依次计算了边坡现阶段和设计开采后期的位移场、破坏场．计算结果较好地解释了该边坡局部塌滑多发点的形成机制与过程．最后,对边坡在开采后期的整体稳定性进行了探讨,并提出了适当的防患措施,     

带非精确线搜索的改进Dixon方法的下降性质及其全局收敛性

在推广Ｄｉｘｏｎ公式的基础上,对于无约束最优化问题,提出了一类改进的Ｄｉｘｏｎ共轭下降算法,其中搜索方向迭代公式ｄｋ＋１＝－ｇｋ＋１βｋｄｋ中的参数βｋ可以取负值并结合一类非精确线搜索,证明了新算法的全局收敛性。最后给出了改进的Ｄｉｘｏｎ公式的一个重要应用－自校正近似重新开始共轭下降算法。     

Anomalous dielectric behavior in nanocrystalline γ-Fe_2O_3

The measurements of electric capacities and dielectric loss angles for nanocrystalline γ-Fe₂O₃, under air and vacuum atmospheres have been conducted by using ac LRC method, and the conductivity and the polarization relaxation time have also been calculated from the frequency spectra of real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constants. The anomalous dielectric behavior implies the existence of two kinds of polarization mechanisms with different relaxation times, which are caused by the defects and the dangling bonds in the interfaces, respectively. The experimental and calculated results indicated that the polarization loss and the conductance loss are dominant in air atmosphere and vacuum, respectively.     

一种组织细胞图象的分割

自动、时实、计算机视学细胞追踪系统需要一种非常有效的细胞图象分割方式．通常一些文献介绍的分割算法在运用于未染色活细胞图象分析时,由于灰度变化和不均匀的光照等,显得非常虚弱．我们研究了分割的两步策略即：（１）选出含有细胞和一部分细胞周围背景的近似区域;（２）从这个区域内的背景中分割出细胞．这种方式能有效降低周围背景灰度和细胞区域上纹理的影响．实验结果表明这种方法作为细胞图象的分割时既快又省力．     

温度对RBr/CuBr/2, 2′-联吡啶引发的苯乙烯原子转移自由基聚合的影响

分别采用溴化苄、２－溴丙二酸二乙酯和２－溴－２－甲基丙二酸二乙酯作引发剂,在ＣｕＢｒ／２,２‘－联吡啶配位化合物催化下,进行了苯乙烯的原子转移自由基聚合,在９０￣１３０℃范围内研究了温度对聚合反应级所得聚合物相对分子质量及其分布的影响。实验发现,在温度为１１０℃时聚合速率最大。     

大型水利水电工程建设项目动态联盟组织模式的结构集成

针对大型水利水电工程建设项目的特点, 从特征结构、框架结构、动态结构等方面研究大型水利水电工程建设项目动态联盟组织模式的结构, 进行动态联盟组织的结构设计. 应用集成管理思想, 对动态联盟组织模式进行结构集成, 从结构框架、结构支撑、结构连接、结构评价等方面进行阐述. 运用模糊综合评判与神经网络评价集成方法对大型水利水电动态联盟组织结构进行评价.