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481.
A new class of media with abnormal electromagnetic parameters has been attracting increasing attention because of its exotic
properties and potential application. Currently, typical metamaterials are mainly composed of artificially designed metallic
periodic structures. However, due to the limitations of available fabrication technologies, physical size and material effects,
it is difficult to realize these abnormal properties by these artificial structures in the high-frequency regime. Therefore,
it is important to find materials with intrinsic abnormal electromagnetic responses. In this field, a new mechanism based
on the interaction between polar lattice vibrations and electromagnetic waves has been proposed. In this paper, we review
progress in this field. 相似文献
482.
Langevin equation is widely used to study the stochastic effects in molecular networks, as it often approximates well the
underlying chemical master equation. However, frequently it is not clear when such an approximation is applicable and when
it breaks down. This paper studies the simple Schnakenberg model consisting of three reversible reactions and two molecular
species whose concentrations vary. To reduce the residual errors from the conventional formulation of the Langevin equation,
the authors propose to explicitly model the effective coupling between macroscopic concentrations of different molecular species.
The results show that this formulation is effective in correcting residual errors from the original uncoupled Langevin equation
and can approximate the underlying chemical master equation very accurately. 相似文献
483.
For liquid Ti, it is difficult to achieve high undercooling because of its chemical reactivity; as a result, there is little information available on its properties and structure in the undercooled state. In this study, we investigate the density and structure, using molecular dynamics method, for the undercooling and superheating ranges 0-743 K and 0-457 K. The density increases quadratically for undercooling. At the melting temperature, the density is 4.14 g/cm3, and first and second temperature coefficients are obtained. The pair correlation functions and coordination numbers indicate that the short range degree of order becomes increasingly significant with increasing undercooling. 相似文献
484.
A box model of the interhemispheric thermohaline circulation (THC) in atmosphere-ocean for global climate is considered. By
using the generalized variational iteration method, the approximate solution of a simplified nonlinear model is studied. The
generalized variational iteration method is an analytic method, and the obtained analytic solution can be operated sequentially.
The authors also diversify qualitative and quantitative behaviors for corresponding physical quantities. 相似文献
485.
Diatom oxygen isotopes have been widely applied in quantitative reconstruction of the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment, but
have rarely been reported in China. In the present study, Lake Sihailongwan in Northeast China was selected for detailed investigation
of oxygen isotopic fractionation between diatom frustules and lake water induced by growth temperature. This study involved
a 2-year period of field monitoring of the lake water temperature at multiple depths and biweekly collections of traps for
both sediment and water at shallow and bottom depths (7 and 49 m below the lake surface, respectively), diatom separation
and purification of the trap sediments, and oxygen isotope measurement for diatom silica and lake water samples. The conditioned
experiment conducted herein demonstrated that the laboratory device, methods and techniques used in this study were capable
of generating reliable data for the typical oxygen isotope composition of diatom frustules. The data obtained revealed a prominent
linear relationship between the oxygen isotope composition of the modern diatom and lake temperature during growth. The fractionation
coefficient was about −0.185‰/°C−0.238‰/°C in the temperature range of 3.6–24°C, which is consistent with the observations
from various aquatic environments and laboratory culture with different diatom taxa. These findings provide strong support
for the dominant control of the growth temperature on the oxygen isotope fractionation between the diatom frustules and ambient
water. A notable difference in the fractionation coefficient was observed between the surface and bottom diatom oxygen isotopes,
suggesting that various depositional processes and taphonomic effects influenced the surface and bottom trap samples. Another
factor leading to this difference may be that enrichment by evaporation and dilution by rainfall have a stronger influence
on the surface. Overall, the results presented here demonstrate significant progress in evaluation of diatom oxygen isotopes
in China and draw attention to the differences between surface and bottom diatom oxygen isotope compositions. 相似文献
486.
A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique was developed as an online screening method to identify effective adsorbents for the peptide NH2-Cys-Thr-Trp-Trp-COOH (CW-4). To validate the SPR technique, several linear polymers containing amino acid residues were synthesized as models of their corresponding adsorbents. SPR screening of all the linear polymers demonstrated that the linear polymer containing phenylalanine residues (PPhe) exhibited the highest affinity for CW-4 among the polymers tested. In accordance with the screening results from SPR, the adsorbent containing phenylalanine (APhe) exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for CW-4. An interesting observation was that the amounts of CW-4 adsorbed on 3 adsorbents were quite small, even though both SPR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments indicated the presence of interactions between CW-4 and the three polymers. A kinetic analysis performed using SPR technology suggested such a phenomenon was ascribed to the poor stability of the CW-4/polymer complexes; that is, CW-4 associates with the polymers quickly, but it also dissociated quickly. The combined results suggested that SPR was a promising tool to identify the optimal adsorbent for peptides, analyze the interactions contributing to adsorption and explain adsorption phenomena using polymer models. 相似文献
487.
甲醇自发点火特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
焦清介 《北京理工大学学报》1994,14(4):347-354
从实验和数值模拟两方面探讨了甲醇的热点火特性。实验中应用快速压缩机得到了温度与点火延迟期的关系。计算中采用了基元化学反应动力学模型,给出了压力、温度、产物及主要中间反应体的变化历程。对助燃剂二叔丁基过氧化物的活化作用进行了理论分析。 相似文献
488.
本文针对我国高校实验设备利用率较低的现状,用价值工程的观点,从设备综合管理入手,采用设备折旧,实行设备有偿占有和有偿使用,从而提高设备的功能输出,有效地考核和提高设备的综合使用效益的可行性。并提出了以折旧为主线的实验设备有偿占有和有偿使用于系统功能评价框图。 相似文献
489.
罚函数法在等参杂交元中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
焦兆平 《合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(1)
本文提出在等参杂交元中用罚函数法引入平衡约束条件,具体讨论了罚函数法在平面四边形等参杂交元中的运用,并提出采用分项罚数的方法。计算实例表明,新建立的单元,可以有效地抑制单元畸变对计算精度的影响。 相似文献
490.
本文阐明了柴油机供油系统中油—汽两相流与不规则喷射的内在联系.分析了不规则喷射产生的机理,并指出在高速小负荷工况下,供油系统中的汽泡是产生不规则喷射的主要原因. 相似文献