Near-field coupling and SERS effects of palladium nanoparticle dimers

The linear optical properties and the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of spherical palladium nanoparticle dimers are analyzed theoretically using generalized Mie theory. The calculation results demonstrate that the near-field coupling effect greatly influences the absorption, scattering and extinction spectra of nanoparticle dimers. The surface plasmon resonance wavelength red-shifts dramatically as the separation between nanoparticles decreases. Because of the near-field coupling between nanoparticles and the size effect, the maximum SERS enhancement factor at the ‘hot spot’ between palladium nanoparticle dimers is as high as 10⁷–10⁸, while the averaged SERS enhancement factor over the entire nanoparticle surface is in the range of 10⁵–10⁶. The deviation between the position of the peak in the extinction spectrum and the wavelength for maximum surface-averaged enhancement for the Pd nanoparticle dimers indicates that localized surface plasmon resonance has different influences on the far and near fields. These theoretical results may help to reveal the relationship between the far and near fields, as well as understand the mechanism of electromagnetic enhancement in the surface-enhanced scattering of transition metals.     

Investigation on the mechanism of convective heat and mass transfer with double diffusive effect inside a complex porous medium using lattice Boltzmann method

A new lattice Boltzmann model is proposed for the coupling of multi-physics in natural convection by introducing another distri-bution function to represent the scalar transport of mass and an additional source term on the right hand side of the lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) based on the TD2G9 model. According to the Boussinesq assumption and considering the coupled diffusive effect, the governing equations for the coupling of multi-physics in natural convection is proposed based on the non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory. Combined with the algorithm for the reconstruction of a porous medium, this model is used to investigate the coupled heat and mass transfer under multi-physics of natural convection inside a porous medium at the pore scale. The characteristic of profiles of dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration are shown graphically for different values of Rayleigh number (Ra) and porosity. Furthermore, the influence of the temperature gradient on the mass transfer inside a porous medium has been examined numerically. Thus, the mechanism of the coupled heat and mass transfer inside a porous medium is investigated numerically at the pore scale innovatively.     

草地切根机切刀的疲劳寿命分析

切刀是草地切根机的关键作业部件,其使用寿命直接决定整机的无故障工作时间.首先依据有限元理论,利用ANSYS-Workbench对切刀进行了应力分析和模态分析,确定了切刀薄弱截面的位置;然后,对切刀在不同工况下的载荷时间历程进行了试验,研究了其薄弱环节的应力函数;进而依据上述结论,结合切刀所用材料的S-N曲线以及损伤理论,对切刀进行了疲劳性能分析,得出切刀疲劳寿命的分布情况和薄弱截面的寿命值.通过对比土槽试验的失效情况与分析计算结果,验证了方法的有效性.     

Research on Computing Models of CBR Similarity

Several models of measuring case similarity in CBR systems are deeply explored. We also discuss the case matching process, and present three matching functions. Finally, we illustrate the significance of the models in CBR(Case Based Reasoning) systems implementation.     

一种值得推广的COD分析方法

该COD分析法用以测定水中有机物浓度,其基本原理与标准分析法基本相同,但对分析设备及方法作了一些改进——在一多孔铝板上插入6—25个带盖的试管,试管内加入水样5毫升,消化液3毫升和硫酸/硫酸银混合液7毫升,在铝板下加热至150℃,2小时后冷却并在原试管滴定——这样,可同时分析多个水样,且具有精确、简便、安全、省时、省药等优点,值得推广。     

莺琼盆地高温高密度水基钻井液流变性调控方法

南海莺琼盆地高温高压地层钻井安全密度窗口窄,对钻井液流变性要求苛刻,而高密度钻井液因固相含量高其流变性调控难度大,因此研究高密度钻井液流变性的影响因素和调控方法对确保该地区高温高压钻井安全至关重要。本文提出通过控制钻井液处理剂液相粘度来调节水基高温高密度钻井液流变性新方法,并通过毛细管黏度法评价了莺琼盆地两套高温高压水基钻井液体系的流变性能以及液相黏度,对高密度水基钻井液流变性影响因素进行了评价和分析。结果表明,钻井液的液相黏度和固相含量是影响高密度钻井液的关键因素,钻井液体系的液相黏度由处理剂液相黏度决定,而固相含量主要由加重材料的品质决定。进一步评价结果表明,磺化类降失水剂液相黏度最低,其次为改性天然高分子降失水剂,合成类的聚合物型降失水剂液相黏度最高;钻井液在相同组成和密度条件下,重晶石品质越高,即密度越高,粒径越小,所配制的高密度钻井液流变性越优。由研究结果可得出,选择低液相黏度处理剂、低剂量膨润土和优质重晶石是高密度水基钻井液流变性调控的主要技术手段。     

钢结构可替换梁端塑性铰滞回耗能研究

为避免钢结构梁柱节点在地震作用下出现脆性破坏,提出一种新的梁端削弱型结构形式来实现塑性铰的外移。采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对节点进行滞回耗能能力的分析,同时对不同削弱深度的截面内力进行对比分析,并使用Perform-3D软件的静力推覆工况对新型塑性铰框架和普通框架的承载能力进行对比分析。研究结果表明,首先达到屈服强度的截面是上、下耗能板削弱最深位置的横截面;随着耗能板削弱深度的增加,耗能板削弱最深处横截面就会越容易屈服,且能够有效地降低梁柱节点焊缝截面的作用反力;新型塑性铰的耗能能力主要与耗能板的削弱深度有关,在满足承载力要求的情况下随着削弱深度的增加,塑性铰的耗能能力不断增加;由静力推覆分析可知,拥有新型塑性铰框架的整体承载能力比普通框架的整体承载能力低,所以过度的削弱耗能板深度会导致框架不能满足结构承载力的要求。适当的削弱深度会增加节点延性,提高节点的抗震能力,实现塑性铰外移的目标,起到保护梁柱节点的作用。研究结果可为削弱型梁柱节点的研究提供参考。     

基于无迹粒子滤波的车辆质心侧偏角估计方法

针对轮毂电机驱动车辆行驶状态参数获取困难的问题,提出了一种基于无迹粒子滤波的质心侧偏角估计方法。以采集的低成本普通车载传感器信息和驾驶信号作为输入信息,在构建非线性三自由度车辆模型基础上,建立了车辆行驶状态参数估计方程,设计了质心侧偏角无迹粒子滤波估计器。利用Matlab/Simulink和Adams进行了联合仿真实验。结果表明：该估计方法具有可行性,在不同工况下均具有良好的质心侧偏角估计效果。     

微波辅助生物柴油生产的一体化计算

多物理场仿真动态计算对于优化微波化学加热反应体系的生产工艺,避免高功率微波带来的安全问题起到极其重要的作用.然而目前大多数微波加热化学反应的多物理场模型仅引入电磁和热传模块进行分析,且将电磁、热力学等物性参数视为常量而忽视了反应体系中各组分和温度变化对物性参数的影响,从而影响到模型的可靠性和准确性.本工作在以往模型的基础上,利用最近提出的简化且精度更高的介电系数表达式,通过引入化学反应工程和传质的计算来对电磁、热力学等物性参数随着反应体系浓度和温度的变化进行自适应实时更新,同时考虑了自然对流对传热和传质的影响.新模型避免了以往模型需要手动更新参数、介电系数表达公式复杂、热力学参数仅根据反应组分变化更新而无法获得更多化学反应模块信息、忽略液体自然对流对温度扩散的影响的弊端,实现了微波促进生物柴油生产的一体化计算.通过实验测量的温度分布验证了模型的合理性和准确性.