煤层注水效果的数量化理论预测法与参数的修正

本文应用数量化理论，给出了如何建立煤层注水效果的预测数学模型，并结合实例，进行了预测．实例表明，根据本矿已知煤层注水工程的各种信息，采用数量化理论．建立的计算机预测煤层注水效果的方法，不仅可以确切地判定所给定的注水组合参数是否最优，同时还揭露了注水参数与水分增值的内在关系，为调控参数提供了科学手段     

机械合金化法制备简单金属合金玻璃的研究

将晶态Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ａｌ元素粉末混合，用机械合金化方法制备了Ｍｇ－Ｚｎ、Ａｌ－Ｍｇ合金玻璃。用Ｘ射线衍射技术测定了不同球磨时间样品的Ｘ射线衍射图谱，分析考察了非晶化的过程及其影响因素，讨论了重新晶化的现象．     

用聚合物涂层防止金属腐蚀

玟阐述了聚合材料（酚－甲醛齐聚物）的研究成果。这一成果可用于对在浸蚀介质中工作的零件进行涂覆处理。     

在孟加拉国腹泻儿童中很少查出肠结肠炎耶尔辛氏菌

肠结肠炎耶尔辛氏致病菌,已被确认为腹泻和类似阑尾炎综合症的病原。在欧洲和美国虽然巳报导了许多耶尔辛氏菌病例,但在热带腹泻疾病中其作用一直没有正确的估价。在孟加拉国早期的调查中,有一份报告宣称无耶尔辛氏菌;而另一报道显示从死于腹泻的患者分离出一株肠结肠炎耶尔辛氏菌血清O:7,8型菌株。本文的目的是进一步探讨关于热带地区,患腹泻和类似阑尾炎综合症患者耶尔辛氏菌的感染率。 在9个月期间(1984年1—9月),于达卡的国际腹泻疾病研究中心(ICDDR,B),孟加拉医院就诊的病人中采集了1450份大便标本。选择对象为7岁以下体检或病史证明有发热和腹泻的儿童。在这个医院对80例死于腹泻进行尸解的病人中,采集了小肠和结肠的内容物。另在达卡的一个教会医院阑尾切除术中收集的31份阑尾标本也进行了检验。把每一份稀大便或小肠内容物放入蛋白胨水中,将标本的一部分用碱处理后,在选择琼脂培养基或麦凯康氏     

Numerous potentially functional but non-genic conserved sequences on human chromosome 21

The use of comparative genomics to infer genome function relies on the understanding of how different components of the genome change over evolutionary time. The aim of such comparative analysis is to identify conserved, functionally transcribed sequences such as protein-coding genes and non-coding RNA genes, and other functional sequences such as regulatory regions, as well as other genomic features. Here, we have compared the entire human chromosome 21 with syntenic regions of the mouse genome, and have identified a large number of conserved blocks of unknown function. Although previous studies have made similar observations, it is unknown whether these conserved sequences are genes or not. Here we present an extensive experimental and computational analysis of human chromosome 21 in an effort to assign function to sequences conserved between human chromosome 21 (ref. 8) and the syntenic mouse regions. Our data support the presence of a large number of potentially functional non-genic sequences, probably regulatory and structural. The integration of the properties of the conserved components of human chromosome 21 to the rapidly accumulating functional data for this chromosome will improve considerably our understanding of the role of sequence conservation in mammalian genomes.     

The genome sequence and structure of rice chromosome 1

The rice species Oryza sativa is considered to be a model plant because of its small genome size, extensive genetic map, relative ease of transformation and synteny with other cereal crops. Here we report the essentially complete sequence of chromosome 1, the longest chromosome in the rice genome. We summarize characteristics of the chromosome structure and the biological insight gained from the sequence. The analysis of 43.3 megabases (Mb) of non-overlapping sequence reveals 6,756 protein coding genes, of which 3,161 show homology to proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana, another model plant. About 30% (2,073) of the genes have been functionally categorized. Rice chromosome 1 is (G + C)-rich, especially in its coding regions, and is characterized by several gene families that are dispersed or arranged in tandem repeats. Comparison with a draft sequence indicates the importance of a high-quality finished sequence.     

Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer

Cancers arise owing to the accumulation of mutations in critical genes that alter normal programmes of cell proliferation, differentiation and death. As the first stage of a systematic genome-wide screen for these genes, we have prioritized for analysis signalling pathways in which at least one gene is mutated in human cancer. The RAS RAF MEK ERK MAP kinase pathway mediates cellular responses to growth signals. RAS is mutated to an oncogenic form in about 15% of human cancer. The three RAF genes code for cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinases that are regulated by binding RAS. Here we report BRAF somatic missense mutations in 66% of malignant melanomas and at lower frequency in a wide range of human cancers. All mutations are within the kinase domain, with a single substitution (V599E) accounting for 80%. Mutated BRAF proteins have elevated kinase activity and are transforming in NIH3T3 cells. Furthermore, RAS function is not required for the growth of cancer cell lines with the V599E mutation. As BRAF is a serine/threonine kinase that is commonly activated by somatic point mutation in human cancer, it may provide new therapeutic opportunities in malignant melanoma.