Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world's most important non-grain food crop and is central to global food security. It is clonally propagated, highly heterozygous, autotetraploid, and suffers acute inbreeding depression. Here we use a homozygous doubled-monoploid potato clone to sequence and assemble 86% of the 844-megabase genome. We predict 39,031 protein-coding genes and present evidence for at least two genome duplication events indicative of a palaeopolyploid origin. As the first genome sequence of an asterid, the potato genome reveals 2,642 genes specific to this large angiosperm clade. We also sequenced a heterozygous diploid clone and show that gene presence/absence variants and other potentially deleterious mutations occur frequently and are a likely cause of inbreeding depression. Gene family expansion, tissue-specific expression and recruitment of genes to new pathways contributed to the evolution of tuber development. The potato genome sequence provides a platform for genetic improvement of this vital crop.     

On the mechanism of inhibition of p27 degradation by 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J 2 in lymphoblasts of Alzheimer’s disease patients

It has been proposed that neuroinflammation, among other factors, may trigger an aberrant neuronal cell cycle re-entry leading to neuronal death. Cell cycle disturbances are also detectable in peripheral cells from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. We previously reported that the anti-inflammatory 15- deoxy-Δ^12,14-prostaglandin J ₂ (15d-PGJ ₂) increased the cellular content of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27, in lymphoblasts from AD patients. This work aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of 15d-PGJ ₂-induced p27 accumulation. Phosphorylation, half-life, and the nucleo-cytoplasmic traffic of p27 protein were altered by 15d-PGJ2 by mechanisms dependent on PI3K/Akt activity. 15d-PGJ ₂ prevents the calmodulin-dependent Akt overactivation in AD lymphoblasts by blocking its binding to the 85-kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K. These effects of 15d-PGJ ₂ were not mimicked by 9,10-dihydro-15-deoxy-Δ^12,14- prostaglandin J ₂, suggesting that 15d-PGJ ₂ acts independently of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation and that the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group in the cyclopentenone ring of 15d-PGJ ₂ is a requisite for the observed effects. Received 14 July 2008; received after revision 2 September 2008; accepted 12 September 2008     

改善微粒群算法多样性的多子群动态聚合

针对微粒群算法的群体多样性问题,将无标度网络形成过程中的择优连接机制引入微粒群算法的群体构造过程中,提出了一种多子群动态聚合的微粒群算法．依据算法搜索的状态,当某个子群面临搜索困境时,择优选择优秀子群建立连接,随着搜索的不断推进,微粒群体由多个独立的子群逐步聚合为一个类无标度群体网络．通过仿真实验发现,该算法通过调整微粒的邻域规模和连接方式平衡了算法的勘探和开发的能力,获得了较好的收敛性能．     

对实现凉山改革新突破的思考

改革是发展的动力。要实现发展的目标,改革必须要有新突破。凉山改革的新突破应从五个方面着手:一是要准确把握改革大势;二是要清醒认识凉山改革面临的困难和问题,找准症结,提出对策;三是要在找准症结的基础上勇于攻坚破难,围绕改革中的难点、重点进行攻坚;四是要沿着市场化方向不断深化改革、清除障碍、完善措施,为凉山跨越式发展提供强大的动力;五是要加强领导,周密部署,精心组织实施各项改革措施。     

不同分散剂对纳米羟基磷灰石粒子团聚的影响

为了解决纳米羟基磷灰石团聚的问题，在纳米羟基磷灰石制备过程中，加入适量的乙醇、铈盐和聚乙二醇作为表面分散荆，研究其分散作用。试验结果表明：乙醇具有脱水作用，减少毛细管收缩作用，具有一定的分散作用，且不改变HA六方晶体形貌；铈盐的加入，使六方晶体结构进一步分化，粒子尺寸变小，有细化纳米HA晶粒的作用及分散作用，同时，在分散过程中，参与反应，形成Ce5（PO4）3（OH）；聚乙二醇对纳米羟基磷灰石形貌影响不大，但在表面形成簿膜，隔阻纳米粒子间的接触，具有减少硬团聚的作用。     

Control and Stabilization of the Rosenau Equation Posed on a Periodic Domain

This paper considers the Rosenau equation with a moving control?t u + ?_t?_x~4 u + ?_xu + u?x u = a(x + ct)h(x, t), c = 0, x ∈ T = R/(2πZ), t 0.The authors prove that the Rosenau equation with a moving control is locally exact controllable in Hs(T) with s ≥ 0 and globally exponential stable in H~s(T) with s ≥ 2. The two results nontrivially extend the work of(Rosier L and Zhang B Y, 2013) from the BBM equation to the Rosenau equation.     

《飞向宇宙》MCAI课件的制作

本文概要介绍《飞向宇宙》多媒体计算机辅助教学（MCAI）课件的制作过程,经了多媒体课件的通用制作方法,应用多媒体技术发展起来的多媒体CAI课件成为极具吸引力的现代化教学手段,它改变了传统的教育思想、教学模式,加速了教学现代化的进程。     

减振器缸筒内腔直线度的测量研究

本文根据减振器缸筒的具体形状特点，结合计算机软件设计技术，给出了其内脏直线度的一种简便、有效、合理和经济的测量方法．     

北疆高产棉花(2250kg皮棉/hm~2)生理特性的研究

通过对北疆高产（２０００ｋｇ皮棉／ｈｍ２）棉田的研究表明,“强源、大库、畅流”是北疆棉花达到高产的重要生理基础,“密、早、矮、膜、大铃”综合栽培技术是获得高产的措施途径。高产还可以提高新疆水资源的利用效率。     

鄂博梁Ⅲ号构造上、下油砂山组成岩作用及对孔隙影响

根据砂岩普遍薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜和其他化验资料等,系统研究柴达木盆地北缘地区鄂博梁Ⅲ号构造的岩石学特征、成岩作用及对孔隙的影响.结果表明:研究区储集砂岩较细,以细砂岩和粉砂岩为主,含少量中砂岩和粗砂岩;岩石类型主要为长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩,含少量长石岩屑砂岩.成岩作用主要为压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用,成岩作用阶段已经达到晚成岩阶段A期.压实作用中等是孔隙度大量丧失的主要原因.胶结作用较强,胶结物主要有碳酸盐胶结物、硫酸盐胶结物、硅质胶结和黏土矿物胶结,胶结物充填孔隙、堵塞喉道,在成岩早期能起骨架支撑缓解压实作用的进行.溶蚀作用中等,主要为长石、岩屑、碳酸盐胶结物及杂基等易溶组分溶蚀成粒间、粒内溶蚀孔,为储层增加次生孔隙,属于建设性成岩作用.