Genome sequence of the Brown Norway rat yields insights into mammalian evolution

The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is an indispensable tool in experimental medicine and drug development, having made inestimable contributions to human health. We report here the genome sequence of the Brown Norway (BN) rat strain. The sequence represents a high-quality 'draft' covering over 90% of the genome. The BN rat sequence is the third complete mammalian genome to be deciphered, and three-way comparisons with the human and mouse genomes resolve details of mammalian evolution. This first comprehensive analysis includes genes and proteins and their relation to human disease, repeated sequences, comparative genome-wide studies of mammalian orthologous chromosomal regions and rearrangement breakpoints, reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes and the events leading to existing species, rates of variation, and lineage-specific and lineage-independent evolutionary events such as expansion of gene families, orthology relations and protein evolution.     

基于小波分析的过零点滤波器与地震降噪

为解决地震勘探中的面波压制问题,该文基于小波分析理论处理单分量地震资料,根据面波频率低、能量强的特征设计了过零点滤波器,在小波分解后的逼近系数中识别并压制了面波,在细节系数中进行了有效波补偿。实际资料处理表明,该方法能剔除95%以上的面波,并且在压制面波的同时减少反射波的损失,较之传统方法有显著改善。     

硼掺杂对碳纳米管形貌和结构的影响

以Fe3O4纳米粒子为催化剂,CH4,B2H6和H2为气源,采用电子回旋共振微波等离子体化学气相沉积技术(ECR CVD)在多孔硅基底上制备出了掺硼碳纳米管薄膜·使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能量色散X射线谱(EDX)和X射线光电子谱(XPS)对样品的形貌、结构及组分进行表征·结果表明:通入B2H6后,纳米管的形貌和结构均发生了变化·生长气氛中硼的存在使得高取向性密集碳纳米管转变为较为分散且取向性很差的纳米管·从中空结构转变为类竹节结构,同时多壁管外径增大,管壁增厚,表面变得粗糙,并导致纳米管的生长速度降低,长度减小·     

循证护理在急性心肌梗死患者活动耐力恢复中的应用

目的：为了促进心肌梗死患者活动耐力的恢复，减少并发症，提高病人的生活质量．方法：运用循证护理对89例急性心肌梗死患者实施早期增加活动耐力的护理实践．结果：无合并症急性心肌梗死患者实施早期离床活动，并不增加死亡率和并发症的发生率，相反可促进急性心肌梗死患者活动耐力的恢复和心理状态的恢复．     

垃圾热解中PVC组分HCl的析出特性

以垃圾中的PVC组分为试验物料,在外热式固定床热解试验台上,研究了PVC热解过程中HCl的析出特性·通过改变加热方式、热解终温、加热温度、加热时间等参数研究了HCl的析出过程、析出量和质量分数·试验表明,加热方式对HCl析出有很大的影响,快加热方式析出的HCl量几乎是慢加热方式的2倍;HCl析出过程可分为三个阶段,325℃时开始有HCl析出;热解终温对HCl析出过程有较大的影响,并决定着HCl的析出量,本试验在550℃左右析出的HCl量最多,这说明存在一个HCl析出量最大的峰值温度·并依据试验结果,从理论上进行了初步探讨     

桩承载力反向自平衡试桩法数值模拟分析

为推动反向自平衡试桩法在实践中的应用,采用有限元分析方法对反向自平衡试桩法进行了数值模拟分析。以管桩为例,运用ABAQUS有限元软件建立反向自平衡试桩法数值模型,分别采用位移控制法和荷载控制法进行桩身和桩顶加载模拟,得到了基桩抗压极限承载力,进行了桩身轴力和桩侧摩阻力分析;对建立的数值模型进行了位移控制法下的静载试验模拟,并与反向自平衡试桩法模拟得到的极限承载力进行了对比分析。模拟结果表明,反向自平衡试桩法确定的基桩极限承载力与静载试桩法结果较为接近,不需要进行正、负摩阻力转换,但也存在平衡点位置的确定问题。     

Secretion of the Dufour gland of the antNothomyrmecia macrops (Hymenoptera:Formicidae)

Summary The Dufour gland of the primitive Australian antNothomyrmecia macrops contains microgram quantities in total of linear alkanes and alkenes from C₁₃ to C₃₀ with heptadecene the major component (66%). In all, 50 substances, including methyl-branched hydrocarbons, aldehydes and acetates, -farnesene and -springene in low nanogram amounts, were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.