Effects of AlN on the densification and mechanical properties of pressureless-sintered SiC ceramics

In the present work, Si C ceramics was fabricated with Al N using B_4 C and C as sintering aids by a solid-state pressureless-sintered method. The effects of Al N contents on the densification, mechanical properties, phase compositions, and microstructure evolutions of as-obtained Si C ceramics were thoroughly investigated. Al N was found to promote further densification of the Si C ceramics due to its evaporation over 1800 °C,transportation, and solidification in the pores resulted from Si C grain coarsening. The highest relative density of 99.65% was achieved for Si C sample with 15.0 wt% Al N by the pressureless-sintered method at 2130 °C for 1 h in Ar atmosphere. Furthermore, the fracture mechanism for Si C ceramics containing Al N tended to transfer from single transgranular fracture mode to both transgranular fracture and intergranular fracture modes when the sample with 30.0 wt% Al N sintered at 1900 °C for 1 h in Ar. Also, Si C ceramics with 30.0 wt% Al N exhibited the highest fracture toughness of 5.23 MPa m~(1/2) when sintered at 1900 °C.     

基于PERT与CPM的船舶分段建造计划协调与优化

分析了现代精益造船模式下要求的船舶分段建造流程以及国内船厂生产计划的制定方式,利用计划评审技术（PERT）,结合关键路径法（CPM）,自动生成船舶分段产品建造计划,并在工期和成本方面对建造计划进行了协调与优化．基于MS-Project软件,用VBA编制了实用程序,并以大连某船厂建造的某油船为实例进行了计划编排与优化．与生产实际对比表明,该计划方法是可行的,为船舶建造初期制定生产计划提供了一种实用简便的方法．     

二甲醚HCCI发动机微量排放物的研究

根据优化气相色谱仪工作条件,对二甲醚均质充量压燃(HCCI)发动机排气中的甲醛和甲酸甲酯进行了检测.通过二甲醚简化反应机理与Fluent的耦合联算,以及结合Woschni传热模型和DME详细反应机理的Chemkin反应动力学数值模拟,对二甲醚HCCI发动机的燃烧过程及其微量排放物(甲醛、甲酸和甲酸甲酯)进行了预测分析.结果表明:在一定条件下,甲醛、甲酸和甲酸甲酯存在于排气中,其排放量均随过量空气系数的减小而减小,发动机转速、进气温度和压力对其影响也很大.     

纳米复合技术改善工业ZnO压敏电阻避雷器微观结构及电性能的研究

运用纳米复合技术对工业ZnO压敏电阻避雷器的制备工艺的改进,研制出压敏电压340 V/mm,漏电流小于1μA,非线性系数大于56的压敏电阻器。根据ZnO晶粒生长动力学方程,研究了纳米复合ZnO粉体的烧结过程以及烧结过程中的晶粒生长规律,用扫描电镜和能谱对瓷体显微结构及面扫成分进行了分析,讨论了添加纳米复合粉的ZnO压敏电阻避雷器微观组织与综合性能的关系。实验表明,添加纳米复合粉体是降低大规模生产成本,提高经济效益,并得到综合性能优良产品的有效方法。     

Yersinia pestis genome sequencing identifies patterns of global phylogenetic diversity

Plague is a pandemic human invasive disease caused by the bacterial agent Yersinia pestis. We here report a comparison of 17 whole genomes of Y. pestis isolates from global sources. We also screened a global collection of 286 Y. pestis isolates for 933 SNPs using Sequenom MassArray SNP typing. We conducted phylogenetic analyses on this sequence variation dataset, assigned isolates to populations based on maximum parsimony and, from these results, made inferences regarding historical transmission routes. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that Y. pestis evolved in or near China and spread through multiple radiations to Europe, South America, Africa and Southeast Asia, leading to country-specific lineages that can be traced by lineage-specific SNPs. All 626 current isolates from the United States reflect one radiation, and 82 isolates from Madagascar represent a second radiation. Subsequent local microevolution of Y. pestis is marked by sequential, geographically specific SNPs.     

基于磁性微泡对比剂的超声和磁共振影像融合算法

文中提出了一种新的基于磁性微泡对比剂的超声影像和磁共振影像之间的融合算法．首先利用磁性微泡对比剂对体模进行超声和磁共振显影,并对显影进行边缘分割．运用非采样contourlet变换（nonsubsampled contourlet transform．NSCT）对源图像进行分解,然后对低频子带系数采用自适应动态加权非负矩阵分解（dynamic weighted non-negative matrix factorization．DWNMF）结合分割图像进行融合．然后对各带通方向子带系数采用空间频率激励的脉冲耦合神经网络进行融合,最后利用NSCT逆变换得到融合图像．研究结果表明,利用磁性微泡对比剂并结合上述算法对超声影像和磁共振影像进行融合,可以获得预期的融合效果．     

PsmArena: Partitioned Shared Memory for NUMA-Awareness in Multithreaded Scientific Applications

The Distributed Shared Memory(DSM) architecture is widely used in today's computer design to mitigate the ever-widening processing-memory gap, and it inevitably exhibits Non-Uniform Memory Access(NUMA) to shared-memory parallel applications. Failure to adapt to the NUMA effect can significantly downgrade application performance, especially on today's manycore platforms with tens to hundreds of cores. However, traditional approaches such as first-touch and memory policy fall short in false page-sharing, fragmentation, or ease of use. In this paper, we propose a partitioned shared-memory approach that allows multithreaded applications to achieve full NUMA-awareness with only minor code changes and develop an accompanying NUMA-aware heap manager which eliminates false page-sharing and minimizes fragmentation. Experiments on a 256-core cc-NUMA computing node show that the proposed approach helps applications to adapt to NUMA with only minor code changes and improves the performance of typical multithreaded scientific applications by up to 4.3 folds with the increased use of cores.     

环境标准的现状与作用分析

介绍了我国环境标准的基本现状,对我国环境标准的制定目的、作用作了阐述,指出环境标准对环境保护的重要性.