Generation of Linear and Parabolic Concentration Gradients by Using a Christmas Tree-Shaped Microfluidic Network

This paper describes a simple method of generating concentration gradients with linear and parabolic profiles by using a Christmas tree-shaped microfluidic network.The microfluidic gradient generator consists of two parts:a Christmas tree-shaped network for gradient generation and a broad microchannel for detection.A two-dimensional model was built to analyze the flow field and the mass transfer in the microfluidic network.The simulating results show that a series of linear and parabolic gradient profiles were generated via adjusting relative flow rate ratios of the two source solutions(R_L~2≥0.995 and _PR~2≥0.999),which could match well with the experimental results(R_L~2≥0.987 and _PR~2≥0.996).The proposed method is promising for the generation of linear and parabolic concentration gradient profiles,with the potential in chemical and biological applications such as combinatorial chemistry synthesis,stem cell differentiation or cytotoxicity assays.     

面向对象图形用户界面的设计与实现

在分析计算机用户界面开发方法和工具的基础上，提出了利用对象模型化技术开发图形用户界面的思想。根据此思想，设计并实现了一个面向对象的图形用户界面（ＧＵＩ）。     

普宁明华体育馆的声学设计

本文对普宁明华体育馆的建声和电声进行了统一设计．其中的一些设计思想对其他中型多功能体育馆也有参考价值．     

Complex reorganization and predominant non-homologous repair following chromosomal breakage in karyotypically balanced germline rearrangements and transgenic integration

We defined the genetic landscape of balanced chromosomal rearrangements at nucleotide resolution by sequencing 141 breakpoints from cytogenetically interpreted translocations and inversions. We confirm that the recently described phenomenon of 'chromothripsis' (massive chromosomal shattering and reorganization) is not unique to cancer cells but also occurs in the germline, where it can resolve to a relatively balanced state with frequent inversions. We detected a high incidence of complex rearrangements (19.2%) and substantially less reliance on microhomology (31%) than previously observed in benign copy-number variants (CNVs). We compared these results to experimentally generated DNA breakage-repair by sequencing seven transgenic animals, revealing extensive rearrangement of the transgene and host genome with similar complexity to human germline alterations. Inversion was the most common rearrangement, suggesting that a combined mechanism involving template switching and non-homologous repair mediates the formation of balanced complex rearrangements that are viable, stably replicated and transmitted unaltered to subsequent generations.     

含多重临界位势的渐近线性椭圆方程的正解

在新Sobolev-Hardy空间中讨论含多重临界位势的渐近线性椭圆方程正解的存在性.该方程的非线性项是渐近线性的,不满足Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz条件.文中运用没有Palais-Smale条件的山路引理证明了在较弱的条件下,方程至少存在一个正解.     

Treatment of PC-3 cells with ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces distinct alterations in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces apoptotic cell death in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and to identify the probable mechanism. We used ultrasound in continuous wave mode with a frequency of 21 kHz and a spatial-average temporal-average intensity of 46 mW/cm². Ultrasound combined with microbubbles (200 μL SonoVue?) was used to treat androgen-independent human prostate cancer PC-3 cells for 30 s. PC-3 cells were divided into three groups: the control group, the ultrasound group and the ultrasound combined with microbubbles group. Immediately after treatment, trypan blue exclusion was used to assess cell viability. Cell apoptosis at 24 h after treatment was measured using transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax. Ultrasound combined with microbubbles had a minimal effect on the viability of PC-3 cells and induced minimal levels of cell lysis. The level of apoptosis in PC-3 cells induced by this modality was significantly higher than in controls (12.77 ± 0.31% vs. 2.56 ± 0.22%, P<0.01). Treatment with ultrasound combined with microbubbles increased the expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein. It was concluded that ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells through down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax.     

Szász-Durrmeyer算子在Orlicz空间中的加权逼近

在Orlicz空间LM中讨论了Szász-Durrmeyer算子的加权逼近,得到了逼近阶的Jackson型估计.     

Design and fabrication of 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials for high-performance photovoltaics

To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption, simplification of device fabrication as well as optimization of device structure and geometry, are required. The usage of 1D nanomaterials is attractive due to the outstanding light coupling effect, the ease of fabrication, and integration with one-dimensional(1-D) semiconductor materials. The light absorption efficiency can be enhanced significantly, and the corresponding light-toelectricity conversion efficiency can be as high as their bulk counterparts. Also, the amount of active materials used can be reduced. This review summarizes the recent development of 1-D nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, including the anti-reflection, the light absorption,the minority diffusion, and the semiconductor junction properties. With solid progress and prospect shown in the past 10 years, 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials are attractive and promising for the realization of high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells.     

聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素共混体系溶液的流变性

探讨了聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素(PAN/HEC)共混溶剂的选择及体系的相容性和流变性.结果表明,二甲基亚矾是PAN/HEC的较理想溶剂,而且它们在热力学上是不相容的.然而,由于体系粘度高,大分子链运动困难,因此在某些条件下相对稳定,显示了典型的非牛顿流体的特征.随着HEC/PAN共混比的增加,总固含量的提高,以及温度的降低,共混溶液的非牛顿指数降低,结构粘度指数上升,剪切弹性模量和最大松驰时间增加.     

EB病毒及化学致癌物DNP对人胚鼻咽粘膜裸鼠移植的诱癌研究

用EBV,DNP及PMA分别或协同对人胚鼻咽粘膜裸鼠移植物进行诱癌研究,探讨上述因素在人实验性鼻咽癌发生中的作用。免疫荧光法检查证实,经B95-8上清液体外及体内转染的人胚鼻咽粘膜上皮表达EBNA。实验结果显示,实验各组均可见各种增生性改变,对照组仅见一般增生性病变。各诱癌组均可见癌前病变,组间无显著性差异。共出现癌8例(1)EBV组:原位癌1例。 (2)EBV+PMA组:早期浸润癌1例。(3)EBV+DNP组:原位癌及浸润癌各1例。(4)EBV+DNP+PMA组:浸润癌1例。 (5)DNP组:原位癌1例。(6)DNP+PMA组:原位癌及浸润癌各1例。结果提示EBV可能在人鼻咽上皮实验性癌变过程中起病因作用。本研究成功诱发了三例浸润癌,均系DAP与其它因素(PMA、EBV)协同作用,提示人鼻咽癌的发生可能与多种致癌因素的相互作用有关。