The development of allergic inflammation

Allergic disorders, such as anaphylaxis, hay fever, eczema and asthma, now afflict roughly 25% of people in the developed world. In allergic subjects, persistent or repetitive exposure to allergens, which typically are intrinsically innocuous substances common in the environment, results in chronic allergic inflammation. This in turn produces long-term changes in the structure of the affected organs and substantial abnormalities in their function. It is therefore important to understand the characteristics and consequences of acute and chronic allergic inflammation, and in particular to explore how mast cells can contribute to several features of this maladaptive pattern of immunological reactivity.     

铑催化剂上CO的吸附态及其加氢反应

用红外光谱法测定表明：各种硅胶负载仲进型铑催化剂上，线ＣＯ／桥ＣＯ红外吸收强度比值与金属助剂（Ｍ）的关系变化顺序为（５０：１）（Ｒｈ－Ｍｎ）〉（２２：１）（Ｒｈ－Ｌｉ）〉（９．１：１）（Ｒｈ－Ｍｎ－Ｆｅ－Ｌｉ）〉（３．５：１）（Ｒｈ－Ｆｅ）〉２．８：１）（Ｒｈ）。在各种Ｒｈ－Ｍ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂上，线、桥ＣＯ吸附态的加氢原位ＦＴＩＲ跟踪实验表明：随着加氢的进行，线ＣＯ／桥ＣＯ吸收强度比值均逐渐减少…     

碳纳米管促进Cu-基高效甲醇合成催化剂

用自行制备的碳纳米管（CNTs）作为促进剂，研制出一类高效甲醇合成催化剂CuiZnjAlk-Ox-wt%CNTs，评价它们对CO／CO加氢成甲醇的催化活性，并与非CNTs促进的相应体系作对比研究。实现发现，碳纳米管能显著地促进甲醇合成反应活性的提高。在493K，5．0MPa,H2/CO/CO2/N2=62/30/5/3(V/V),GHSV=8000h^-1的反应条件下, Cu6Zn3Al1-Ox-12.5wt%CNTs催化剂上，甲醇的时空产率达1064mgh^-1(g-catal)^-1；产物中甲醇的选择性达98％以上；而在相同的制备和反应条件下、在非促进相应催化剂Cu6Zn3Al1-Ox上，甲醇的时空产率只达729mgh^-1（g-catal)-1.H2-TDP观测揭示，常压下在CNTs材料、以及CNTs促进催化剂CuiZnjAlk-Ox-wt%CNTs上，可以吸附存储着数量相当可观、在423－573K温度范围处于可逆吸、脱附的吸附氢物种。这一特性将有助于在甲醇合成反应条件下，营造较高氢稳态的表面氛围，以有利于提高表面加氢反应的速率；与此同时，很可能由于加氢活性的提高，使得碳纳米管促进催化剂上甲醇合成反应所需温度比非促进的相应体系下降15－25K，这在相当大程度上将有利于提高CO的平衡转化率和甲醇合的平衡产率。本文结果表明，碳纳米管对H2优异的吸附、活化及存储性能对于促进其所改进催化剂上甲醇合成反应活性的显著提高，起着关键作用。