兼氧-SBR工艺处理有机磷农药废水试验研究

采用自制的兼氧-SBR反应器对模拟的有机磷农药废水进行试验研究。对活性污泥进行培养、驯化,两个月后,COD去除率达到80%～90%。通过实验确定了一个周期的厌氧时间为2h、好氧时间为6h;研究了进水磷源、有机磷农药浓度对兼氧-SBR反应器处理效果的影响,不添加磷源比添加磷源处理效果要好,进水有机磷的最佳浓度为250mg/L。     

新型二异羟肟酸配合物催化PNPP水解的动力学研究

以3种含中心功能基(-OCH3)的二异羟肟酸开链冠醚过渡金属铜(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)和钴(Ⅱ)配合物作为水解酶模型,催化羧酸酯(PNPP)水解;研究了水解反应的动力学和机理,提出了水解反应的动力学模型。结果表明:在室温25℃条件下,这类配合物催化PNPP水解速率随着缓冲溶液pH值的增大而提高,表现出高的催化活性。     

模糊层次分析法综合评价洗衣机的绿色度

为了评价机电产品的绿色性能,结合实例,应用自上向下的多级模糊层次分析法,构建洗衣机的绿色度综合评价指标体系和评价模型,建立同一层次评价指标权重判断矩阵,对各层次评价指标进行权重计算,同时计算指标的隶属度,进行指标的无量纲化处理,并应用层次分析法和线性加权和法计算产品的最终综合评价值。     

柴油流动改进剂对柴油中蜡晶形态的影响

采用偏光显微镜研究了自行研制的AVM系列柴油流动改进剂对蜡晶形态的影响.结果表明,柴油流动性改进剂的加入,使柴油中的蜡晶变短变小,阻碍蜡晶相互连接搭桥成网.柴油流动性改进剂的加入量根据柴油组成不同,都应有一个最佳点.对于不同柴油,柴油流动性改进剂中各组成存在一个最佳配比,这一配比下的产物降滤效果最好,微观表现对蜡晶的改善也最明显.大量的数据表明,柴油的蜡晶变化图像与实测的数据相吻合.     

ZnCo2O4尖晶石纳米粉体的新型共沉淀法合成及表征

以草酸为沉淀剂、乙醇为溶剂,通过新型共沉淀法合成分子前躯体锌钴草酸复合盐ZnCo2(C2O4)3.4H2O,对该前躯体在不同温度下热处理即可制得锌钴尖晶石粉体.利用热重分析仪(TGA)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对前躯体热分解过程分别进行热失重分析和动力学分析.结果表明,前躯体热分解仅经历2个热失重过程(脱结晶水和最后分解)且最后分解过程遵循随机成核和核随后生长单一的动力学机理,活化能不随转化率的变化而变化.由此说明前驱体为草酸复合盐而不是二元混合盐.利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析手段对尖晶石粉体进行表征.结果显示,前躯体在低温段450~650℃煅烧2 h即可获得单相、颗粒细小均匀的尖晶石粉体,高温750℃煅烧,得到ZnO和缺锌的锌钴尖晶石的混合物.     

^226Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift over the past 40 years in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Surface seawater was collected for ~(226)Ra measurement in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre from July to October, 1999 and October to December, 2003. Combined with the historical data reported for this sea area, a declined trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was observed since 1960s, indicating the ecosystem shift in response to global warming. On one side, the enhanced stratification of the upper water column resulting from global warming reduced the ~(226)Ra input from the depth, on the other, the temporal increase of biological production resulting from the climate-related ecosystem structure change strengthened the ~(226)Ra removal from the surface ocean. Both the physical and biological processes resulted in the decrease of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The temporal trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was consistent with the trends of chlorophyll a, silicate, phosphate and primary production previously reported. This study provided ~(226)Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift under global change.     

Estimation and prediction of black carbon emissions in Beijing City

Black carbon is a by-product of incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels. It can alter atmospheric radiation property and make adverse impacts on human health. The energy consumption in Beijing City depends largely on coal burning. Recently, Beijing City has been performing the municipal energy structure adjustment as a tool for air pollution abatement, aiming at the air quality goal for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Based on Beijing energy use data in 2000, combined with emission factors of major sources of black carbon, the emission of black carbon in Beijing City is estimated to be 7.77 Gg. Coke, raw coal and biomass as non-commercial energy are the main contributors to municipal black carbon emissions. Based on Beijing energy planning in the year 2008, the emission of black carbon in 2008 will be 2.97 Gg if the contribution from biomass is not taken into account. Assuming that the black carbon emission from rural biomass in 2008 is the same as that in 2004, the biomass burning will be the largest emitter of black carbon to Beijing City in 2008.     

Micelles-template induced organic nanocrystals based on iodo…nitro interactions

The nanocrystals based on a polar organic compound INBP （4-iodo-4＇-nitrobiphenyl） have been fabricated by reprecipitation approach. For the formation of INBP based nanocrystals, the intermolecular iodo…nitro interaction is the dominant driving force and the micelles formed by the surfactant CTAB （cetyltrimethylammonium bromide） molecules are the efficient templates for controlling morphologies of nanocrystals. The field emission scanning electro microscope （FESEM） images demonstrated that prism-like and needle-like nanocrystals of INBP were formed in pure water and micell containing aqueous solution, respectively. XRD pattern and UV/vis absorption spectra were employed to characterize the nanocrystals.     

开滦电厂厂用电切换存在的问题及对策

稳定可靠的厂用电源对于电厂的安全稳定运行极其重要。介绍了厂用电切换方式,针对开滦电厂厂用电切换实际,探讨了在可行范围内解决其成功率不高的问题。     

N-(5-三氟甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-N''-芳氧乙酰基硫脲的合成及其生物活性

通过2-氨基-5-三氟甲基.1,3,4-噻二唑与芳氧乙酰基异硫氰酸酯反应,合成了9个新的芳氧乙酰基硫脲,其结构用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和元素分析确证.初步的生物活性测试试验表明,部分目标化合物具有良好的植物生长调节活性,其中3b、3e、3i的生长素活性优良,3d、3e的细胞分裂素活性较好.三氟甲基增进了目标化合物的生物活性.