A non-commutative time-frequency tomography

The characterization of non-stationary signal requires joint time and frequency information. However, time and frequency are a pair of non-commuting variables that cannot constitute a joint probability density in the time-frequency plane. The time-frequency distributions have difficult interpretation problems arising from negative and complex values or spurious components. In this paper, we get time-frequency information from the marginal distributions in rotated directions in the time-frequency plane. The rigorous probability interpretation of the marginal distributions is without any ambiguities. This time-frequency transformation is similar to the computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) and is applied to signal analysis and signal detection and reveals a lot of advantages especially in the signal detection of the low signal/noise (S/N).     

Conflict Pattern Analysis: Preparing the Ground for Participation in Policy Implementation

The participation of non-state actors in implementation processes is often understood as a means to increase compliance efficiency. But the implementation of spatial policies frequently focuses on pre-established goals, processes and instruments and thus renders difficult open discourse and shared decision-making. This paper introduces conflict pattern analysis (CPA) as a tool that supports the analysis of the actual actor constellation in order to define efficient approaches that avoid common problems of participatory processes. CPA is a semi-formalised method that helps to identify key-actors, their relations and interaction amongst each other as well as their core beliefs, interests and resources. It aggregates this information to interaction patterns that can be compared, classified and linked to different participatory methods on a theoretically informed basis. Particularly on the local and regional level, this could be the first step for successful (participatory) implementation strategies.     

ROLE OF α-PSEUDO-UNIVEX FUNCTIONS IN VECTOR VARIATIONAL-LIKE INEQUALITY PROBLEMS

In this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized convex function, namely, a-pseudounivex function, by combining the concepts of pseudo-univex and α-invex functions. Further, we establish some relationships between vector variational-like inequality problems and vector optimization problems under the assumptions of α-pseudo-univex functions. Results obtained in this paper present a refinement and improvement of previously known results.     

A theoretical model for mid-and low-latitude ionospheric electric fields in realistic geomagnetic fields

The geomagnetic fields, which play important roles in the ionospheric dynamo, can greatly affect the global distribution of ionospheric electric fields, currents and other ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena. In the study of ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena, such as the longitudinal variations of ionospheric electric fields, the non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic fields must be taken into account. In this paper, we deduce a theoretical electric field model for ionospheric dynamo at mid- and low-latitude which adopt a modified magnetic apex coordinates system. In the new electric field model, the geomagnetic fields can be calculated from either the IGRF model or the dipole field model, and the neutral winds and conductivities are calculated based on empirical models. Then the dynamo equation for the electric potential is finally solved in terms of the line-by-line iteration method, and the ionospheric electric fields and currents are derived from the calculated potential. Our model can reproduce the main features of the ionospheric electrodynamics processes, so it will be a useful tool for the investigation of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere.     

超立方体结构并行处理系统的可靠性的计算机仿真

本文介绍立方体结构并行处理系统的原理及可靠性的计算机仿真并给出结果     

革胡子鲇触须和口腔粘膜的味觉器官

应用组织学切片和电镜扫描的方法，对革胡子鲇上颌须和口腔味蕾的组织形态特征进行了比较研究．发现分属于两个亚感觉通路（迷走叶和面叶味觉系统）的两类味蕾，其感受器细胞组成和形态结构没有明显的不同，主要区别为味蕾是否通过味孔与外界接触，以及在上皮中的分布状况．革胡子鲇口腔内也有少量面神经叶支配的味蕾位于口腔横瓣上．由迷走神经叶支配的味蕾成簇集中腭部．感觉细胞的微绒毛突出于顶端，有味刺激物能直接到达味感觉细胞膜上．其形态结构表明，鱼类味觉是接触性或近距离化学感受器．     

数显温控精确测量金属丝的温度系数

在传统金属导体温度系数测量中对于金属丝的加热通常采用了水浴加热法或油浸加热法。这两种方法存在着短路、产生不良气体污染、温度测量不精确等缺点。首次使用了数显温度可控的功率电阻作为金属丝的加热源,在测量中采用了双臂电桥、金属丝的四端电阻接线方式,不仅实现了金属丝的温度可控性和实时测量性,而且将测量精度提高到3%以内。     

On the Foundations of Constructive Mathematics – Especially in Relation to the Theory of Continuous Functions

We discuss the foundations of constructive mathematics, including recursive mathematics and intuitionism, in relation to classical mathematics. There are connections with the foundations of physics, due to the way in which the different branches of mathematics reflect reality. Many different axioms and their interrelationship are discussed. We show that there is a fundamental problem in BISH (Bishop’s school of constructive mathematics) with regard to its current definition of ‘continuous function’. This problem is closely related to the definition in BISH of ‘locally compact’. Possible approaches to this problem are discussed. Topology seems to be a key to understanding many issues. We offer several new simplifying axioms, which can form bridges between the various branches of constructive mathematics and classical mathematics (‘reuniting the antipodes’). We give a simplification of basic intuitionistic theory, especially with regard to so-called ‘bar induction’. We then plead for a limited number of axiomatic systems, which differentiate between the various branches of mathematics. Finally, in the appendix we offer BISH an elegant topological definition of ‘locally compact’, which unlike the current definition is equivalent to the usual classical and/or intuitionistic definition in classical and intuitionistic mathematics, respectively.     

总弯沉比及其在机场刚性道面板底脱空判定中的适用性

提出了一种板底脱空判定弯沉指标——总弯沉比（R_TD）,分析了其理论特征;为探究R_TD在机场刚性道面板底脱空判定中的适用性,基于Abaqus有限元软件建模,以弯沉比和截距为对比对象,计算分析了道面结构参数、接缝传荷能力和脱空参数等对指标的影响。结果表明：相比弯沉比和截距,R_TD与道面结构参数相关性更高,可据此建立相对精确的判定标准;此外,R_TD在对脱空参数敏感的同时可避免接缝传荷能力与板底脱空的耦合影响。综合而言,R_TD在机场刚性道面板底脱空判定中具有更好的适应性。     

Structure of the human CLC-7/Ostm1 complex reveals a novel state

CLC-7 functions as a Cl?/H+ exchanger in lysosomes. Defects in CLC-7 and its β-subunit, Ostm1, result in osteopetrosis and neurodegeneration. Here, we present the cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human CLC-7/Ostm1 complex (HsCLC-7/Ostm1) at a resolution of 3.6 ?. Our structure reveals a new state of the CLC-7/Ostm1 heterotetramer, in which the cytoplasmic domain of CLC-7 is absent, likely due to high flexibility. The disordered cytoplasmic domain is probably not able to restrain CLC-7 subunits and thus allow their relative movements. The movements result in an approximately half smaller interface between the CLC-7 transmembrane domains than that in a previously reported CLC-7/Ostm1 structure with a well-folded cytoplasmic domain. Key interactions involving multiple osteopetrosis-related residues are affected by the interface change.