裂缝性致密储层钻井完井液漏失损害带模拟

裂缝性致密储层钻井完井时,钻井完井液固相及其滤液极易侵入储层,使近井地带渗透率下降,影响油气井 产能。以九龙山构造珍珠冲组致密砾岩储层为研究对象,基于双重连续介质模型,建立了钻井完井液在裂缝网络中的 径向溶质运移数学模型,通过有限差分法求解,确定了不同时间下距离井筒不同位置的钻井完井液无因次浓度分布剖 面,定量评价了钻井完井液的漏失损害程度,并通过压力恢复试井解释以及钻井完井液动态损害评价实验对模拟结果 进行了验证。模拟结果表明：钻井完井液的侵入深度随井漏时间的增加而增加;漏失损害带半径约为17 m,表皮系数 为7.50,试井解释及室内实验结果同数值模拟结果的相对误差均小于10%,证明了模型的可靠性。     

Roasting and leaching behaviors of vanadium and chromium in calcification roasting–acid leaching of high-chromium vanadium slag

Calcification roasting–acid leaching of high-chromium vanadium slag (HCVS) was conducted to elucidate the roasting and leaching behaviors of vanadium and chromium. The effects of the purity of CaO, molar ratio between CaO and V₂O₅ (n(CaO)/n(V₂O₅)), roasting temperature, holding time, and the heating rate used in the oxidation–calcification processes were investigated. The roasting process and mechanism were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC). The results show that most of vanadium reacted with CaO to generate calcium vanadates and transferred into the leaching liquid, whereas almost all of the chromium remained in the leaching residue in the form of (Fe_0.6Cr_0.4)₂O₃. Variation trends of the vanadium and chromium leaching ratios were always opposite because of the competitive reactions of oxidation and calcification between vanadium and chromium with CaO. Moreover, CaO was more likely to combine with vanadium, as further confirmed by thermodynamic analysis. When the HCVS with CaO added in an n(CaO)/n(V₂O₅) ratio of 0.5 was roasted in an air atmosphere at a heating rate of 10℃/min from room temperature to 950℃ and maintained at this temperature for 60 min, the leaching ratios of vanadium and chromium reached 91.14% and 0.49%, respectively; thus, efficient extraction of vanadium from HCVS was achieved and the leaching residue could be used as a new raw material for the extraction of chromium. Furthermore, the oxidation and calcification reactions of the spinel phases occurred at 592 and 630℃ for n(CaO)/n(V₂O₅) ratios of 0.5 and 5, respectively.     

拟单调映射对偶平衡问题解的存在性

定义了对于平衡问题的一类稠密伪单调映射,并证明了在比集合K的相对代数内点非空更弱的条件下对偶平衡问题解的存在性.     

基于边界积分方程求解二维移动滚动接触问题

工程机械中,由于接触体之间的相对运动造成的损伤或疲劳一直是研究的重点。然而相对运动中,接触相对位置不断变化。为保证接触区应力精确模拟,需对所有可能接触区网格进行加密。为避免这一问题,采用网格更新法,保证仅当前时刻可能接触区网格需加密,并保证接触区节点一一对应。同时采用旋转坐标系法,推导出边界积分方程移动滚动前后时刻的等价性,避免积分重复计算。基于上述方法,提出二维移动滚动接触问题解方法并利用数值算例证明本文方法的有效性。     

Five-point Element Scheme of Finite Analytic Method for Unsteady Groundwater Flow

The finite analytic method is a new valuablecomputational method proposed by C.J.Chen atthe beginning of the1980’s,with which moreideal result could be obtained in solvinghydrokinetics equation[1,2].The finite analyticmethod is also applied in groundwate…     

军工企业信息化建设和改造势在必行

文章对信息技术和网络经济进行了阐述,指出了军工企业信息化建设和改造的思想和对策。     

宁夏城镇体系分形结构的初步研究

利用分形理论,结合区域实际情况,分析了宁夏城镇体系规模等级结构及空间分布的特征,发现该体系中各等级规模的城镇数量比例有明显的层次性和可划分性,但整体处于内部结构均衡的初级发展阶段,未达到泛城镇化水平,城镇体系主要沿黄河两岸呈条带状分布,在北部灌区较为紧密,城镇间的物质、能源、信息交换强度较大,带动着全区经济发展的结论．提出了加快城镇体系增长极的培养,开发建设沿黄河城镇带以带动城镇体系发展,大力发展非农产业,建设农村特色小城镇的对策．     

一种基于传感器的认知无线网络攻击检测和定位方法

针对认知无线网络(cognitive radio network,CRN)中模仿主用户攻击、多面攻击、恶意干扰等常见的安全问题,提出了一种基于传感器的CRN攻击检测和定位方法,它可同时检测多种方式的无线攻击,并对攻击者进行定位,为进一步惩戒其攻击行为做准备.该机制采用多个传感器联合检测接收信号强度(received signal strength,RSS),挖掘无线传输本身的空间去相关性,并且可有效处理CRN中可能的功率调整.基于通用软件无线电平台和频谱仪的实验结果均表明,该机制不仅能精确地同时检测电子欺骗、多面攻击和干扰攻击,而且能以较小误差锁定攻击者,其平均定位误差约为0.9m.     

Structure and reactivity of a mononuclear non-haem iron(III)-peroxo complex

Oxygen-containing mononuclear iron species--iron(III)-peroxo, iron(III)-hydroperoxo and iron(IV)-oxo--are key intermediates in the catalytic activation of dioxygen by iron-containing metalloenzymes. It has been difficult to generate synthetic analogues of these three active iron-oxygen species in identical host complexes, which is necessary to elucidate changes to the structure of the iron centre during catalysis and the factors that control their chemical reactivities with substrates. Here we report the high-resolution crystal structure of a mononuclear non-haem side-on iron(III)-peroxo complex, [Fe(III)(TMC)(OO)](+). We also report a series of chemical reactions in which this iron(III)-peroxo complex is cleanly converted to the iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex, [Fe(III)(TMC)(OOH)](2+), via a short-lived intermediate on protonation. This iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex then cleanly converts to the ferryl complex, [Fe(IV)(TMC)(O)](2+), via homolytic O-O bond cleavage of the iron(III)-hydroperoxo species. All three of these iron species--the three most biologically relevant iron-oxygen intermediates--have been spectroscopically characterized; we note that they have been obtained using a simple macrocyclic ligand. We have performed relative reactivity studies on these three iron species which reveal that the iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex is the most reactive of the three in the deformylation of aldehydes and that it has a similar reactivity to the iron(IV)-oxo complex in C-H bond activation of alkylaromatics. These reactivity results demonstrate that iron(III)-hydroperoxo species are viable oxidants in both nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions by iron-containing enzymes.     

鲁克沁构造带稠油成藏机制研究

吐哈盆地台南凹陷鲁克沁构造带中的北西走向断层受挤压强烈 ,封闭性好 ;而北东走向断层封闭性差 ,常成为油气运移的良好通道。由于本区断块圈闭的有效性差 ,故不具备大规模聚集稀油的条件 ,但对稠变到一定程度的稠油能起较好的封堵作用。鲁克沁构造带高粘重质油的形成是原油运移和成藏阶段双重稠变作用的结果 ,并且油气的聚集是一个动态的过程。随着原油的逐渐稠变 ,所需要的封堵条件逐渐降低 ,油气的聚集过程才趋于稳定。鲁克沁构造带构造后期变革主要表现在构造幅度的增大 ,而未发生强烈的断裂作用 ,因此 ,前侏罗系油藏得以完好地保存