Assembléegénérale de l'Union Radio-Scientifique Internationale (URSI) à Paris

Sans résumé     

Aspects biochimiques de la Régénération

Summary A survey of the biochemistry of regenerating animals has been made: after a critical discussion ofChild's metabolic gradients theory, the relative importance of respiration rate, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids metabolism are stressed. The similarities between biochemical processes in the embryo and the regenerating organism are pointed out.

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Une grande partie de cet article est la reproduction d'un chapitre de notre livre « Embryologie chimique » (Masson, Paris, etDesoer, Liége); nous tenons à remercier les éditeurs de l'ouvrage qui ont bien voulu marquer leur accord. On y trouvera une bibliographie étendue sur les modifications chimiques dont l'organisme en régénération est le siège.     

When and how to use scenario planning: A heuristic approach with illustration

This paper offers a step-by-step analysis of a heuristic approach to scenario planning, taking a managerial perspective. The scenario method is contrasted in general with more traditional planning techniques, which tend to perform less well when faced with high uncertainty and complexity. An actual case involving a manufacturing company is used to illustrate the main steps of the proposed heuristic. Its essence is to identify relevant trends and uncertainties, and blend them into scenarios that are internally consistent. In addition, the scenarios should bound the range of plausible uncertainties and challenge managerial thinking. Links to decision making are examined next, including administrative policies as well as integrative techniques. At the strategic level, a key-success-factor matrix is proposed for integrating scenarios, competitor analysis and strategic vision. At the operational level, Monte Carlo simulation is suggested and illustrated as one useful technique for combining scenario thinking with formal project evaluation (after appropriate translations). The paper concludes with a general discussion of scenario planning, to place it in a broader perspective.     

挪威:利用自身优势提升科研实力

为了招募更多的国际人才 ,挪威的科研机构曾经试图把人们对这个国家的印象由阴冷黑暗的严冬 ,转变成对它的旖旎风光和一流滑雪场的向往。但事实证明这一做法并不完全成功。一般情况下 ,出国发展的挪威科学家仍要比来到挪威发展的外国科学家多。然而 ,去年秋季选举产生的本届挪威政府正打算用一种全新的手段来打破这一僵局。“我认为用峡湾和山脉等地理资源来吸引人才的做法不妥当 ,”挪威教育与科研大臣克里斯丁·克莱蒙特 (ＫｒｉｓｔｉｎＣｌｅｍｅｔ) (见下图 )说 ,“相反 ,我们首先应该提供一流的科研条件 ,而后再让他们品味其他东西。…     

Desiccation in the black dragon,Hagenius brevistylus Selys

Summary Hagenius brevistylus lost mass by evaporation in a moderately desiccating environment at the rate of 20.4 mg h^–1, and died of desiccation in less than 1 day at a body mass of 79.8% of their normally hydrated mass. It was estimated thatHagenius minimally would have to consume the equivalent of 60% of its body mass each day to meet its daily water requirements. This amount of food is equivalent to that necessary to power flight of a dragonfly for 4.6h.This research was financed in part by a grant from the American Philosophical Society to C.R.T., and was conducted at the University of Michigan Biological Station, Douglas Lake (USA).     

‘Pitfalls’ in immune electron microscopy

Zusammenfassung Es werden die Fehlerquellen diskutiert, die bei der Untersuchung von Antigenen auftreten, wenn zu deren elektronenmikroskopischer Darstellung Antikörper, markiert mit Ferritin, verwendet werden. Durch geeignete Wahl der Fixierung können einige dieser Schwierigkeiten beseitigt werden.     

Mutations in a Sar1 GTPase of COPII vesicles are associated with lipid absorption disorders

Dietary fat is an important source of nutrition. Here we identify eight mutations in SARA2 that are associated with three severe disorders of fat malabsorption. The Sar1 family of proteins initiates the intracellular transport of proteins in COPII (coat protein)-coated vesicles. Our data suggest that chylomicrons, which vastly exceed the size of typical COPII vesicles, are selectively recruited by the COPII machinery for transport through the secretory pathways of the cell.