无压流圆形断面收缩水深的近似计算公式

无压流圆形断面收缩水深的计算需求解高次隐函数方程,理论上无解析解,传统的图解法或者试算法计算过程复杂,费时费力．通过引入无量纲收缩水深,对无压流圆形断面收缩水深的基本方程进行恒等变形,得到了快速收敛的迭代公式,再与合理的迭代初值配合使用,得到无压流圆形断面收缩水深的近似计算公式．误差分析及实例计算表明,在工程常用范围内,收缩水深的最大相对误差小于0．72％．近似计算公式形式筒捷、精度高、适用范围广．     

2124铝合金蠕变时效本构方程

在185℃下,对2124铝合金试样进行了200、225和250MPa 3种应力水平下的多组单轴拉伸蠕变时效实验,发现在恒定温度下,实验应力越大,时效时间越长,蠕变行为就越明显;根据蠕变理论和实验曲线,建立了2124铝合金在185℃及不同应力水平下的本构方程;利用SPSS和Origin软件,得到了蠕变本构方程中的常数。蠕变实验数据点和拟合曲线的比较说明,所得的本构方程能较好地描述2124铝合金在185℃及不同应力条件下的蠕变行为.     

人体生物力学模型的驾驶舒适度仿真研究

为了高效地评价人在驾驶汽车过程中的舒适性,由Adams/LifeMode软件建立了坐姿人体-座椅系统的生物力学模型.应用Matlab工具编程,得出了GB7031规定的B、C级公路的功率谱函数,并转换成易于加载的时域信号.通过加权计算,得到了在典型行驶速度下人体关键部位的振动加速度响应,进而提出了全身振动以及人体局部振动的舒适性仿真评价方法.采用Adams/LifeM-ode软件,建立了有别于传统弹簧—阻尼—质量模型的人体生物力学模型,实现了乘坐舒适性评价的计算过程,为研究人体局部振动舒适性提供了理论基础.     

Stewart平台铰链间隙的精度分析

为提高 Stewart平台的运动精度 ,解决铰链间隙误差的影响问题 ,将 Stewart平台的各条支链作为假想的单开链 ,利用串联机器人运动学中的 D- H(Denavit- Hartenberg)方法 ,结合从运动学方程微分得到的结论 ,推导出终端运动误差和铰链间隙误差间的映射关系。并且以一台基于 Stew-art平台的并联机床为模型 ,利用仿真计算 ,分析了工作空间内间隙误差对终端运动精度的影响规律 ,为并联机床的误差补偿提供了理论基础     

应用随机有限元法分析受损伤人字型变电构架的可靠性

采用随机有限元方法对受损伤的变电站人字型变电构架进行了可靠性计算分析。分析中主要考虑了材料和荷载的不确定性以及构件的损伤。分析结果表明,用随机有限元计算受损伤的人字型变电构架的随机响应是可行的。利用计算出的随机响应量的统计参数,在假定其分布后,可以用一次二阶矩法估算结构控制截面的可靠度指标,进而可以讨论损伤对构架控制截面可靠度指标的影响,并为下一步的模糊综合评判奠定了基础。     

Comparison of Travel Mode Choice Between Taxi and Subway Regarding Traveling Convenience

In this study, we investigate travel mode choice behavior between taxi and subway with an emphasis on the influence of traveling convenience. In the first stage, we examine the Origin-Destination(OD) points of Beijing taxi trips and compare these locations with the respective nearest subway station. Statistics reveal several interesting conclusions. First, for approximately 24.89% of all trips, no convenient subway connections exist between the OD pairs. As such, a taxi becomes the only viable choice. Second, for 80.23% of the remaining 75.11%of trips(equivalent to 60.26% of all trips), access distance from either the origin or the destination to the nearest subway station is greater than 500 meters. This phenomenon indicates that walking distance plays an important role in travel mode choice. In the second stage, we examine groups of taxi trips with similar travel distances and travel times to reveal common features. We establish a preference rule in terms of travel distance and travel time.This determines whether an individual driver will take a taxi or the subway, using a pairwise comparison-based preference regression model. Tests indicate that more than 95% of taxi trips can be correctly predicted by this preference rule. This conclusion reveals that traveling convenience dominates the travel model choice between taxi and subway. All these findings shed light on the factors that influence travel mode choice behavior.     

生物多样性熵值测度指标的应用与分析

以一般生物多样性指标为基础．对熵值测度指标进行了研究,用熵值及其他多样性指标分析评价了新疆克拉玛依荒漠植被的生物多样性。结果表明,熵值测度指标与一般生物多样性指标在机理上有对应性,不仅可作为物种多样性、生态优势度、物种丰富度的优良评价指标,而且可以说明系统的物种对系统的贡献大小及其演化方向。     

Vegetation and climate changes during the last 8660 cal. a BP in central Mongolia, based on a high-resolution pollen record from Lake Ugii Nuur

Based on modern pollen studies and reliable chronology of nine AMS 14C dates, a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes during the past 8660 cal. a BP was reconstructed by a high-resolution pollen record from Ugii Nuur in central Mongolia. Poaceae-steppe dominated the study area and the climate was mild and semi-humid before 7800 cal. a BP with a noticeable cool and humid interval at 8350―8250 cal. a BP. Xerophytic plant increased and the climate became warm and dry gradually since 7800 cal. a BP...     

基于区域电压矢量表的永磁同步电机直接转矩预测控制

为了减小永磁同步电机传统直接转矩控制中过大的转矩和磁链脉动,提出了应用于永磁同步电机直接转矩控制的新型转矩和磁链区域电压矢量表.根据电机模型,推导出在每个区域内电压矢量的预测控制角,实现转矩和磁链的预测控制.实验结果表明: 该方法与传统直接转矩控制相比,可维持逆变器开关频率的恒定,减小稳态转矩和磁链脉动,提高电机相电流正弦度,从而获得更好的控制性能,同时该方法还保留了传统直接转矩Bang-Bang控制的鲁棒性和快速的转矩响应.     

Research on Computing Models of CBR Similarity

Several models of measuring case similarity in CBR systems are deeply explored. We also discuss the case matching process, and present three matching functions. Finally, we illustrate the significance of the models in CBR(Case Based Reasoning) systems implementation.