Comparison of Travel Mode Choice Between Taxi and Subway Regarding Traveling Convenience

In this study, we investigate travel mode choice behavior between taxi and subway with an emphasis on the influence of traveling convenience. In the first stage, we examine the Origin-Destination(OD) points of Beijing taxi trips and compare these locations with the respective nearest subway station. Statistics reveal several interesting conclusions. First, for approximately 24.89% of all trips, no convenient subway connections exist between the OD pairs. As such, a taxi becomes the only viable choice. Second, for 80.23% of the remaining 75.11%of trips(equivalent to 60.26% of all trips), access distance from either the origin or the destination to the nearest subway station is greater than 500 meters. This phenomenon indicates that walking distance plays an important role in travel mode choice. In the second stage, we examine groups of taxi trips with similar travel distances and travel times to reveal common features. We establish a preference rule in terms of travel distance and travel time.This determines whether an individual driver will take a taxi or the subway, using a pairwise comparison-based preference regression model. Tests indicate that more than 95% of taxi trips can be correctly predicted by this preference rule. This conclusion reveals that traveling convenience dominates the travel model choice between taxi and subway. All these findings shed light on the factors that influence travel mode choice behavior.     

生物多样性熵值测度指标的应用与分析

以一般生物多样性指标为基础．对熵值测度指标进行了研究,用熵值及其他多样性指标分析评价了新疆克拉玛依荒漠植被的生物多样性。结果表明,熵值测度指标与一般生物多样性指标在机理上有对应性,不仅可作为物种多样性、生态优势度、物种丰富度的优良评价指标,而且可以说明系统的物种对系统的贡献大小及其演化方向。     

Vegetation and climate changes during the last 8660 cal. a BP in central Mongolia, based on a high-resolution pollen record from Lake Ugii Nuur

Based on modern pollen studies and reliable chronology of nine AMS 14C dates, a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes during the past 8660 cal. a BP was reconstructed by a high-resolution pollen record from Ugii Nuur in central Mongolia. Poaceae-steppe dominated the study area and the climate was mild and semi-humid before 7800 cal. a BP with a noticeable cool and humid interval at 8350―8250 cal. a BP. Xerophytic plant increased and the climate became warm and dry gradually since 7800 cal. a BP...     

基于区域电压矢量表的永磁同步电机直接转矩预测控制

为了减小永磁同步电机传统直接转矩控制中过大的转矩和磁链脉动,提出了应用于永磁同步电机直接转矩控制的新型转矩和磁链区域电压矢量表.根据电机模型,推导出在每个区域内电压矢量的预测控制角,实现转矩和磁链的预测控制.实验结果表明: 该方法与传统直接转矩控制相比,可维持逆变器开关频率的恒定,减小稳态转矩和磁链脉动,提高电机相电流正弦度,从而获得更好的控制性能,同时该方法还保留了传统直接转矩Bang-Bang控制的鲁棒性和快速的转矩响应.     

Research on Computing Models of CBR Similarity

Several models of measuring case similarity in CBR systems are deeply explored. We also discuss the case matching process, and present three matching functions. Finally, we illustrate the significance of the models in CBR(Case Based Reasoning) systems implementation.     

MOS器件失配对开关电流滤波器的影响

提出了一种ＭＯＳ器件失配时开关电流镜的简单模型，对开关电流（ＳＩ）非理想通用积分器进行了时域分析，以及积分器转移函数误差、Ｑ值及灵敏度的计算，并与开关电容（ＳＣ）原型做比较，文中还以ＳＩ非理想通用积分器模型为基块，导出了器件失配时双二次滤波电路的直流失调电流和转移函数表达式，为研究器件失配对ＳＩ滤波器的影响提供了一条有效的途径。     

体积压裂套管剪切变形载荷分析及强度设计

页岩气开发过程中井筒穿越天然裂缝/断层,体积压裂时天然裂缝/断层容易被激活,导致套管剪切变形,套管内径缩小,井下工具无法下入。目前对套管剪切变形条件下的受力分析较少,现有研究主要采用套管Mises应力屈服准则判断套管失效,该准则对于套管大剪切变形问题已不适用。为探究天然裂缝/断层滑移导致的套管剪切变形问题,建立套管-水泥环-地层组合体有限元模型,对位移载荷作用下的套管力学行为进行研究。分析了各因素对套管受力及缩径量的影响,并提出套管缩径量与应力相结合的套管外载设计方法。研究结果表明:套管剪应力及Mises应力随地层滑移量增大而增大,在10 mm滑移量作用下,套管Mises应力已超过屈服强度,建议采用剪切载荷进行强度校核;套管缩径量主要集中在距离滑移面1 m范围内,套管局部区域出现膨胀现象;考虑套管变形量的载荷设计可以有效防止体积压裂过程中套管变形导致压裂工具无法下入的问题。     

铝合金激光熔覆

采用大功率激光在铸铝合金的表面熔覆镍基合金粉末,熔覆材料是Ｎｉ６０,Ａｌ包Ｎｉ和Ｎｉ包Ａｌ粉末,基体是ＺＬ１０８。通过研究选出最佳工艺参数范围,对熔覆层进行了宏观和显微组织观察及性能测试。结果表明,Ｎｉ６０熔覆层具有良好的耐磨性和使用性。     

有限域上二元线性码的一个构造

在有限域F8上定义码C,证明了码C是参数为[8,4,4]的八元线性码;由线性码C构造码G,确定了码G的码长,维数和最小距离,证明码G是参数[40,20,8]的二元线性码.     

污泥对地下水质影响的模拟研究

施用工业污泥和生活污泥作肥料，会影响棕壤和褐土两种不同土壤地下的水质．用土柱来模拟实际土壤，对土柱进行淋洗．通过测定土柱淋洗液，分析了两种污泥在棕壤和褐土上的淋洗特性及对地下水质的影响．测定项目主要包括：EC、pH、DOC、重金属元素(Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd)．实验结果表明，褐土比棕壤更适合施用污泥．