Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by the differences between the DNA sequences of ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘93-11’

The pedigrees of three sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to show that a majority of the genetic composition of 'Nipponbare' originates from japonica cultivars while the minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, '93-11' is derived mainly from indica cultivars with a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of 'Guang lu ai 4' appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers (46 InDels and 53 SSRs) polymorphic between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Cheng's index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups without overlapping when clustered by Cheng's index, InDels and SSRs. Much higher InDel and SSR diversity between groups than within groups implies that the marker polymorphisms between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more than 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to have the same PCR banding patterns as '93-11' and 'Nipponbare', respectively. Some polymorphic loci between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' cannot be validated in other indica and japonica cultivars, either as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between the two groups. It was concluded that molecular markers developed from sequence polymorphism between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' often represent inter-subspecific diversity, although some exceptions were sensitive to either particular marker loci or particular cultivars.     

同轴式水下局部干法TIG电弧焊接

本文主要介绍同轴式水下局部干法TIG电弧焊工艺及装置。其装置特点是能够轴向直接观察电弧和熔池状态,从而便于控制焊接过程,保证焊缝的对中性。试验结果表明:采用此装置能较好地解决湿法焊接时可见度差。焊缝含氢量高,冷却速度快等问题。焊缝的机械性能指标达到有关海上结构规程所提出的要求。     

树冠截留降雨模型研究进展及其述评

根据国内外林冠截留模型研究的历史和现状,将模型分为三种类型（经验模型、半经验半理论模型、理论模型）进行系统归纳整理,对各类模型的特点做了简要评述。     

绿色调制协同法制备复合结构的Eu-MOF材料

开发了一种绿色调制协同法合成分层结构的稀土金属有机骨架材料Eu(BTC)(H2O)6,解决了传统合成方法中使用大量的、有毒有机溶剂的难题,用乙醇和碱性添加剂代替传统的有毒溶剂DMF。首先用乙醇将有机配体溶解,然后加入碱性添加剂使有机配体去质子化,从而使其与金属中心Eu3+成功配位,通过添加剂的-COO-与BTC配体的-COO-竞争与Eu3+的配位合成形貌各异的Eu(BTC)(H2O)6晶体。绿色调制协同法,利用碱性物质乙酸钠和甲酸钠作为调制剂成功制备了多种形貌的Eu(BTC)(H2O)6,包括十字花状晶体、小麦状晶体、麻花状晶体、花状晶体、稻草捆状晶体和杂乱的稻草捆状晶体。这些多形貌的晶体利用粉末X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和热重等表征确定了晶体的结构、形貌及化学组成。     

双时滞Rossler系统的分支分析与混沌控制

从稳定性与混沌控制的角度,研究了双时滞Rossler系统,这些系统通常出现在发送和接收信号的有源传感问题中.首先,从对系统的特征方程根的分布分析入手,研究时滞对系统平衡点稳定性、Hopf分支及Hopfzero分支存在性的影响;其次,通过选择合适的几何因子和时滞,混沌振荡转变为稳定的平衡点或稳定的周期轨;最后,数值模拟验证了理论结果.     

WSN中传感器节点的弹性神经网络任务分配方法

为解决WSN多目标跟踪节点任务分配的竞争冲突问题,提出一种融合了模糊聚类的多弹性子模自组织神经网络节点任务分配方法.通过模糊聚类估计目标数量,建立节点任务分配跟踪精度和能量消耗的综合性能指标,采用非全连接的环形弹性结构自组织神经网络优化监测联盟,用最近邻法对神经元弹性子模进行初始化,根据胜者为王原则动态调整子模的感受域,以快速锁定最优监测联盟,实现多目标的精确跟踪.实验结果表明:文中方法能有效解决多目标跟踪节点任务分配的竞争冲突问题,以及竞争冲突时的系统能耗增加与实时性问题;在随机均匀部署节点拓扑和目标直线运动模式下,文中方法的能耗较最近邻法降低了48.2%~55.9%,较未改进弹性神经网络法降低了37.4%~42.5%,且运算速度提高了19.0%~27.4%.     

以壳聚糖为基质对蚯蚓纤溶酶进行亲和层析

蚯蚓纤溶酶(Earthworm fibrinolytic enzymes)有多种同工酶,分离纯化相对比较困难.我们采用壳聚糖作为基质,大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂为配体,戊二醛为偶联剂,分别研究了酸性和碱性条件下对蚯蚓纤溶酶的纯化效果.实验表明经壳聚糖为载体所制备的亲和吸附剂对蚓激酶具有较高的分离纯化选择性.并且在酸性条件下提取比在碱性条件下提取所得同工酶要少.     

有约束连续全局优化问题的填充函数

求解全局优化问题的填充函数法的关键在于构造一个称为填充函数的辅助函数,给出了一类求解带约束的连续全局优化问题的填充函数,讨论了其填充性质.     

特低渗透油藏压裂水平井新型布井方式研究

考虑长庆油田特低渗油藏地貌特征和储层各向异性,提出了一种压裂水平井新型布井方式。从钻井和油藏两个角度论证新型布井的可行性。丛式井技术可确保压裂水平井新型布井的顺利实施。利用油藏数值模拟方法,分别从单井产能、阶段采出程度、含水率、波及面积等方面评价了压裂水平井新型布井在交错、菱形和矩形井网中的开发效果。研究表明,新型布井与常规布井在交错井网中具有相同的开发效果;菱形和矩形井网中,新型布井可以提高阶段采出程度、单井产能和相对波及面积,降低相同采出程度对应的含水率。新型布井在菱形井网（矩形井网）30 a 的相对波及面积和采出程度分别提高6.00%（10.00%）和0.96%（1.60%）,含水率95% 的采出程度提高1.05%（1.50%）     

旧书回溯建库字段解析

以华中农业大学图书馆回溯建库为例,从HEA,200,210,410,690,905等字段对旧书回溯建库中容易出错的地方进行了探讨。