Recomposability analysis and application to large transport networks

Recomposability is a concept based on the growing appreciation that the mere selection of a set of plausible subsystems together with a conceivable interconnection pattern does not guarantee the realization of a desired overall system. Recomposability is viewed as a problem of determining which subsystems of an overall system under the conceived interconnection pattern are appropriate in the sense that specific properties of the overall system can be recomposed from a knowledge of the corresponding properties of the constituent subsystems. In the context of this problem, recomposability analysis may be conceptualized as a basic operational procedure of comprehending a whole, decomposing the whole, and methodizing recomposition. This paper presents a physical system theory-based methodology for recomposition of a large network solution when we have knowledge of subnetwork solutions.     

Significance of nitrate reductase in nitrate assimilation in free-livingRhizobium cultures

Summary An in situ method for measuring nitrate reductase (NR) in free-livingRhizobium cultures has been developed. Arginine, threonine, valine, glutamic acid, tyrosine and tryptophan were found to promote NR synthesis. In root nodules rhizobial nitrate reductase also converts nitrate into NH₄ ⁺, thus it provides an alternative to the nitrogenase route for the formation of NH₄ ⁺.Acknowledgments: M.H.S. is grateful to the authorities of CSIR, New Delhi and Miss Anjali Mathur to the authorities of SCST, Lucknow (U.P.) for financial assistance.     

Studies on the histopathological changes induced by DDT in the liver,kidney, and intestine of certain fishes

Zusammenfassung Es wurde der Einfluss von DDT auf verschiedene Organe von Fischen untersucht. Bei niederen Dosen (3 p.p.m.) wurden zelluläre Läsionen und Leberhypertrophie beobachtet und bei einer Dosis von 50 p.p.m. trat Nekrose ein. Symptome von Atrophic in der Niere wurden beobachtet, ebenso wurde die Darmschleimhaut beeinflusst.     

The mass of the missing baryons in the X-ray forest of the warm-hot intergalactic medium

Recent cosmological measurements indicate that baryons comprise about four per cent of the total mass-energy density of the Universe, which is in accord with the predictions arising from studies of the production of the lightest elements. It is also in agreement with the actual number of baryons detected at early times (redshifts z > 2). Close to our own epoch (z < 2), however, the number of baryons detected add up to just over half (approximately 55 per cent) of the number seen at z > 2 (refs 6-11), meaning that about approximately 45 per cent are 'missing'. Here we report a determination of the mass-density of a previously undetected population of baryons, in the warm-hot phase of the intergalactic medium. We show that this mass density is consistent, within the uncertainties, with the mass density of the missing baryons.     

Effect of borax on testis of Indian desert gerbil,Meriones hurriane Jerdon

Summary Borax was injected at a dose level of 250 mg/kg b. wt for 16 days (total dose 4 g/kg b.wt) s.c. to active adult male gerbils. Borax caused several degenerative changes in the testes of which giant cell formation, pyknosis and exfoliation are prominent. The increased activity of phosphatases was also noticed.The autors are grateful to University of Rajasthan for providing research scholarship to (M.P. Sharma) and (K. Mehta) and the necessary facilities.     

Localization of non-specific phosphatases in the testes ofMeriones hurrianae jerdon,the Indian desert gerbil,andSuncus murinus sindensis anderson,the house shrew

Zusammenfassung Der Sitz der Aktivit?t alkalischer und saurer Phosphatase in den Hoden vonMeriones undSuncus war meist identisch, doch wurde beiSuncus auch festgestellt, dass da wo die hintere Kernkappe in verschiedenen Keimzellen auftrat, die Kernmembranen und der Nucleolus des Zellkerns der Zwischenzellen stark positiv reagierten.