Sequence comparison of human pituitary growth hormone,human chorionic somatomammotropin and ovine pituitary lactogenic hormone

Zusammenfassung Ein Vergleich der Aminosäuresequenzen von menschlichen Wachstumshormonen und menschlichem Chorion-Somatomammotropin mit denjenigen von Prolactin zeigt, dass 26% des Rückstandes in allen drei Molekülen die gleiche Position hatten mit zusätzlichen 34% als möglichen Ersatz. Alle drei Hormone scheinen einen gleichen Ursprung zu haben.     

Untersuchungen zur Organotropie der krebserzeugenden Wirkung des N-Nitroso-N-methyl-Harnstoffes (NMH) an Ratten

Summary Methyl-nitrosourea, an unstable nitrosamide, exhibits a resorptive cancerogenic effect after shorttermed oral administration of high doses (4 times 40 mg/kg body weight). Induction time and localization of the observed tumours depend, among other things, on the dose and the pH of the cancerogen solution and on the age of animals.     

An error variance approach to two-mode hierarchical clustering

A new agglomerative method is proposed for the simultaneous hierarchical clustering of row and column elements of a two-mode data matrix. The procedure yields a nested sequence of partitions of the union of two sets of entities (modes). A two-mode cluster is defined as the union of subsets of the respective modes. At each step of the agglomerative process, the algorithm merges those clusters whose fusion results in the smallest possible increase in an internal heterogeneity measure. This measure takes into account both the variance within the respective cluster and its centroid effect defined as the squared deviation of its mean from the maximum entry in the input matrix. The procedure optionally yields an overlapping cluster solution by assigning further row and/or column elements to clusters existing at a preselected hierarchical level. Applications to real data sets drawn from consumer research concerning brand-switching behavior and from personality research concerning the interaction of behaviors and situations demonstrate the efficacy of the method at revealing the underlying two-mode similarity structure.     

Alignment of the stellar spin with the orbits of a three-planet system

The Sun's equator and the planets' orbital planes are nearly aligned, which is presumably a consequence of their formation from a single spinning gaseous disk. For exoplanetary systems this well-aligned configuration is not guaranteed: dynamical interactions may tilt planetary orbits, or stars may be misaligned with the protoplanetary disk through chaotic accretion , magnetic interactions or torques from neighbouring stars. Indeed, isolated 'hot Jupiters' are often misaligned and even orbiting retrograde. Here we report an analysis of transits of planets over starspots on the Sun-like star Kepler-30 (ref. 8), and show that the orbits of its three planets are aligned with the stellar equator. Furthermore, the orbits are aligned with one another to within a few degrees. This configuration is similar to that of our Solar System, and contrasts with the isolated hot Jupiters. The orderly alignment seen in the Kepler-30 system suggests that high obliquities are confined to systems that experienced disruptive dynamical interactions. Should this be corroborated by observations of other coplanar multi-planet systems, then star-disk misalignments would be ruled out as the explanation for the high obliquities of hot Jupiters, and dynamical interactions would be implicated as the origin of hot Jupiters.