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Amir Karimzadeh Behnami Arman Hoseinpur Masoud Sakaki Mohammad Sh. Bafghi Kazumichi Yanagisawa 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2017,24(2):202-207
A simple, easy, and low-cost process for the fabrication of tungsten carbide (WC) powder through microwave heating of WO3-C mixtures was developed. Thermodynamic calculations and experimental investigations were carried out for WO3-C and W-C systems, and a formation mechanism was proposed. In the results, for the synthesis of WC, the use of over stoichiometric amount of C together with a specially assembled experimental setup (which effectively retains heat in the system) is necessary. The WC powder is successfully obtained by heating WO3:5C mixture for 900s in a domestic microwave oven. 相似文献
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Taylor TD Noguchi H Totoki Y Toyoda A Kuroki Y Dewar K Lloyd C Itoh T Takeda T Kim DW She X Barlow KF Bloom T Bruford E Chang JL Cuomo CA Eichler E FitzGerald MG Jaffe DB LaButti K Nicol R Park HS Seaman C Sougnez C Yang X Zimmer AR Zody MC Birren BW Nusbaum C Fujiyama A Hattori M Rogers J Lander ES Sakaki Y 《Nature》2006,440(7083):497-500
Chromosome 11, although average in size, is one of the most gene- and disease-rich chromosomes in the human genome. Initial gene annotation indicates an average gene density of 11.6 genes per megabase, including 1,524 protein-coding genes, some of which were identified using novel methods, and 765 pseudogenes. One-quarter of the protein-coding genes shows overlap with other genes. Of the 856 olfactory receptor genes in the human genome, more than 40% are located in 28 single- and multi-gene clusters along this chromosome. Out of the 171 disorders currently attributed to the chromosome, 86 remain for which the underlying molecular basis is not yet known, including several mendelian traits, cancer and susceptibility loci. The high-quality data presented here--nearly 134.5 million base pairs representing 99.8% coverage of the euchromatic sequence--provide scientists with a solid foundation for understanding the genetic basis of these disorders and other biological phenomena. 相似文献
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CJD discrepancy. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
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Y. Endo-Ichikawa H. Kohno R. Tokunaga Y. Yabusaki T. Sakaki H. Ohkawa S. Taketani 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1995,51(6):564-568
N-Oxidation of 4,4-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) (MBOCA) may lead to formation of DNA adducts. To determine if cytochrome P450s are involved in the formation of MBOCA derived-DNA adducts, yeast strains expressing rodent P450s were exposed to MBOCA, and32P-postlabelling of nucleotides from yeast genomic DNA was done. Chromatographic analysis on PEI cellulose showed that, upon exposure to MBOCA for 1 h, nine DNA adducts were formed in yeast expressing phenobarbital-inducible rabbit P450 2B5. With a 4-h-exposure, all adducts increased in parallel. In cell-free experiments, the incubation of MBOCA with phenobarbital-induced rat microsomal fraction followed by incubation with thymus DNA, led to the formation of more than ten DNA adducts. When yeast expressing 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible rat P450 1A1 was exposed to MBOCA, one major and two minor adducts were formed. No adducts were detected in control yeast. These results show that recombinant rabbit P450 2B5 exhibits a potential activation of MBOCA and that rat P450 1A1 has some effect. The use of yeast expressing recombinant P450s and the technique of32P-postlabelling facilitates a simple search for chemicals with carcinogenic potential. 相似文献
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To predict the amount of different phases in gray cast iron by a finite difference model (FDM) on the basis of cooling rate (R), the volume fractions of total γ phase, graphite, and cementite were calculated. The results of phase composition were evaluated to find a proper correlation with cooling rate. More trials were carried out to find a good correlation between the hardness and phase composition. New proposed formulas show that the hardness of gray cast iron decreases as the amount of graphite phase increases, and increases as the amount of cementite increases. These formulas are developed to correlate the phase volume fraction to hardness. The results are compared with experimental data and show reasonable agreement. 相似文献
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Watanabe H Fujiyama A Hattori M Taylor TD Toyoda A Kuroki Y Noguchi H BenKahla A Lehrach H Sudbrak R Kube M Taenzer S Galgoczy P Platzer M Scharfe M Nordsiek G Blöcker H Hellmann I Khaitovich P Pääbo S Reinhardt R Zheng HJ Zhang XL Zhu GF Wang BF Fu G Ren SX Zhao GP Chen Z Lee YS Cheong JE Choi SH Wu KM Liu TT Hsiao KJ Tsai SF Kim CG OOta S Kitano T Kohara Y Saitou N Park HS Wang SY Yaspo ML Sakaki Y 《Nature》2004,429(6990):382-388
Human-chimpanzee comparative genome research is essential for narrowing down genetic changes involved in the acquisition of unique human features, such as highly developed cognitive functions, bipedalism or the use of complex language. Here, we report the high-quality DNA sequence of 33.3 megabases of chimpanzee chromosome 22. By comparing the whole sequence with the human counterpart, chromosome 21, we found that 1.44% of the chromosome consists of single-base substitutions in addition to nearly 68,000 insertions or deletions. These differences are sufficient to generate changes in most of the proteins. Indeed, 83% of the 231 coding sequences, including functionally important genes, show differences at the amino acid sequence level. Furthermore, we demonstrate different expansion of particular subfamilies of retrotransposons between the lineages, suggesting different impacts of retrotranspositions on human and chimpanzee evolution. The genomic changes after speciation and their biological consequences seem more complex than originally hypothesized. 相似文献
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A functional variant of lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase is associated with type I diabetes 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
Bottini N Musumeci L Alonso A Rahmouni S Nika K Rostamkhani M MacMurray J Meloni GF Lucarelli P Pellecchia M Eisenbarth GS Comings D Mustelin T 《Nature genetics》2004,36(4):337-338
We report that a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene (PTPN22) encoding the lymphoid protein tyrosine phosphatase (LYP), a suppressor of T-cell activation, is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). The variants encoded by the two alleles, 1858C and 1858T, differ in a crucial amino acid residue involved in association of LYP with the negative regulatory kinase Csk. Unlike the variant encoded by the more common allele 1858C, the variant associated with T1D does not bind Csk. 相似文献
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Summary Concerning the degree of resistance to strong saline solution, differences are noted between the nucleoproteins extracted from calf thymus received very soon after the death of the animal (resistant nucleoproteins) and nucleoproteins of calf thymus received later (susceptible nucleoproteins). 相似文献