RDSS卫星授时误差建模与仿真测试

RDSS定时终端在不同领域得到广泛应用,终端技术取得日新月异的变化,但是由于RDSS体制的特殊性,相关信号模拟器的国内研制相对滞后,不具备仿真功能,无法满足定时终端定时处理流程和算法的测试需求.因此,研制具有仿真模型的模拟器支持调试研发是当前终端测试的迫切需求.本文详述了基于RDSS卫星授时的原理,分析了动态信号的模拟要求,建立了卫星转发时刻、卫星轨道参数、目标运动轨迹、信号传输误差等仿真模型.信号源实测数据表明,各项指标满足测试需求.     

口服胰岛素载体的研究进展

对于糖尿病病人而言,胰岛素给药的传统途径是通过皮下注射给药.多次反复的注射会给糖尿病病人带来巨大的痛苦.而胰岛素的口服给药具有巨大的优越性,可以极大的降低患者的注射痛苦.胰岛素作为蛋白质的一种,若口服给药将被人体蛋白酶分解.因此,选择装载胰岛素的载体的材料将非常重要.本文将从多聚糖,高分子纳米材料,脂质体和囊泡,凝胶等四种载体简单概述当前胰岛素药物载体的研究现状.     

Predictability of Plastic Parts Behaviour Made from Rapid Manufacturing

One of the most important issues to resolve in parts manufactured from rapid manufacturing (RM) technologies is to know their behavior working under real conditions. Total quality manufacturing (TQM) is only possible if mechanical properties are well known in the design stage depending on the processing parameters. This work is mainly focused on testing of several samples made with different selective laser sintering (SLS) parameters and technologies. This procedure is the starting point to establish a basis for designing for RM and the standardization of RM testing. The experiments and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyzed the effects of several factors on mechanical properties. The SLS technologies were 3DSystem and EOS. The results show which factor has a large effect on the variables and the interaction between them. The conclusions are very useful for developing rules for designing (designing for RM) and creating new standard rules (ISO, AISI, and DIN) for RM materials and parts testing. The ANOVA gives a better knowledge of the effects of these factors and eliminates unimportant parameters.     

以龙舌兰蔗渣作为还原剂使磁铁矿精矿有效地金属化

The reduction behavior and metallization degree of magnetite concentrate with agave bagasse were investigated in an inert atmosphere. The effects of temperature, biomass content, and residence time on reduction experiments and metallization degree were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Compared with other types of biomass, agave bagasse had lower contents of nitrogen, sulfur, and ash. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the metallization degree improved with increasing temperature and biomass content. Complete metallization was achieved at 1100°C for 30 min with 65:35 and 50:50 ratios of the magnetite concentrate to the agave bagasse. These results demonstrate that agave bagasse promotes the efficient metallization of magnetite concentrate without the external addition of a reducing agent. Therefore, this biomass is a technical suitable alternative to replace fossil fuels in steelmaking.     

Training Load Monitoring Algorithms on Highly Sub-Metered Home Electricity Consumption Data

The growing interest in energy-efficient buildings is driving changes in investment, design, and occupant behavior. To better focus cost and resource conservation efforts, electricity consumption feedback can be used to provide motivation, guidance, and verification. Disaggregating by end-use helps both consumers and producers to identify targets for conservation. While hardware-based sub-metering is costly and labor-intensive, non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is capable of gathering detailed energy-use data with minimal equipment cost and installation time. However, variations in measurements between metering devices complicate the process of compiling the necessary appliance profiles. Future work involves the devel-opment of NILM algorithms using sensor fusion and detailed appliance-level data gathered from a highly-sensed house currently being constructed near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.     

Negative epistasis between the malaria-protective effects of alpha+-thalassemia and the sickle cell trait

The hemoglobinopathies, disorders of hemoglobin structure and production, protect against death from malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa, two such conditions occur at particularly high frequencies: presence of the structural variant hemoglobin S and alpha(+)-thalassemia, a condition characterized by reduced production of the normal alpha-globin component of hemoglobin. Individually, each is protective against severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria, but little is known about their malaria-protective effects when inherited in combination. We investigated this question by studying a population on the coast of Kenya and found that the protection afforded by each condition inherited alone was lost when the two conditions were inherited together, to such a degree that the incidence of both uncomplicated and severe P. falciparum malaria was close to baseline in children heterozygous with respect to the mutation underlying the hemoglobin S variant and homozygous with respect to the mutation underlying alpha(+)-thalassemia. Negative epistasis could explain the failure of alpha(+)-thalassemia to reach fixation in any population in sub-Saharan Africa.     

A genome-wide comparison of recent chimpanzee and human segmental duplications

We present a global comparison of differences in content of segmental duplication between human and chimpanzee, and determine that 33% of human duplications (> 94% sequence identity) are not duplicated in chimpanzee, including some human disease-causing duplications. Combining experimental and computational approaches, we estimate a genomic duplication rate of 4-5 megabases per million years since divergence. These changes have resulted in gene expression differences between the species. In terms of numbers of base pairs affected, we determine that de novo duplication has contributed most significantly to differences between the species, followed by deletion of ancestral duplications. Post-speciation gene conversion accounts for less than 10% of recent segmental duplication. Chimpanzee-specific hyperexpansion (> 100 copies) of particular segments of DNA have resulted in marked quantitative differences and alterations in the genome landscape between chimpanzee and human. Almost all of the most extreme differences relate to changes in chromosome structure, including the emergence of African great ape subterminal heterochromatin. Nevertheless, base per base, large segmental duplication events have had a greater impact (2.7%) in altering the genomic landscape of these two species than single-base-pair substitution (1.2%).     

三维反应扩散系统中的螺旋波和失稳控制

三维螺旋波(卷轴波)的运动和失稳的研究在心颤等高发心脏病中扮演重要角色,对三维螺旋波的运动和失稳过程以及控制的研究对于心颤等心脏病的防治具有指导意义.本文主要对我们过去几年在梯度系统中螺旋波的研究结果做一个总结.我们以反应扩散系统为研究对象,对于具有参数梯度的螺旋波的失稳过程和控制进行了探讨.在实验和数值模拟研究中,我们发现在三维梯度系统中,梯度大小的改变可以促使三维螺旋波发展产生线缺陷或者引起二维螺旋波运动的相位差的积累而产生漫游,两者都可使螺旋波的运动失去稳定性.对于螺旋波失稳的控制,我们研究了外力周期驱动和噪声对螺旋波失稳的影响,对控制的机制进行了分析.     

三维裂纹端部应力场的三参数描述及等效厚度概念

传统的二维断裂理论忽略了各种断裂参数的三维厚度效应,将其应用到三维结构的损伤容限设计及评定中具有明显的局限性.另一方面,工程中存在的裂纹通常具有复杂的形状,并且无法直接考虑其对应的厚度.因此,工程中通常采用最保守的平面应变断裂韧性或固定的裂纹扩展速率曲线来描述裂纹的扩展和断裂,这无疑会带来巨大的误差.事实上,在含裂纹的三维结构中,裂尖局部场总是呈现出复杂的三维应力状态,而裂尖复杂的三维应力场对结构的强度起着至关重要的作用.对裂尖三维应力场进行研究、发展三维断裂理论将是解决实际工程问题的必然路径.本文介绍了近年来本研究组有关裂尖场描述体系从二维到三维,从单参数到多参数体系,从线弹性体系到弹塑性以及蠕变理论体系的发展,重点介绍了有关裂尖场三维三参数描述体系的研究进展和基于裂尖三维应力场和约束等效原则发展起来的裂纹的等效厚度概念及其工程应用情况.