Mosaicism for sulfoiduronate sulfatase deficiency in carriers of Hunter's syndrome

Summary Using an assay for sulfoiduronate sulfatase based on the degradation of³⁵S mucopolysaccharides in a cellfree system, two clonal populations have been demonstrated in fibroblasts of heterozygotes for Hunter's syndrome. The locus responsible for sulfoiduronate sulfatase deficiency in thisX-linked mucopolysaccharidosis is therefore subjected to dosage compensation in females.Acknowledgments. The technical assistance of Mr.Antonio De Falco and Mrs.Carmela Salzano is gratefully acknowledged. The authors are indebted to Dr.H. Kresse (Münster, BRD) for helpful suggestions.     

Origin of the synaptonemal complex

Résumé La microscopie életronique des noyaux méiotiques de l'amphibien tétraploïdeO. americanus et de la souris a permis d'émettre l'hypothese suivant laquelle le complexe synaptonémique résulte de l'invagination de la membrane nucléaire, le synapsis étant la conséquence de ce mécanisme.     

Inhibitory action of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on fibroblast growth

Summary Dehydroepiandrosterone inhibits thymidine incorporation into human fibroblasts and may thus interfere with cellular growth.This investigation was supported in part by USPHS NIH training award AM 00329 and The New York State Health Research Council under contract #272.Acknowledgment. The authors wish to thank A. B. Rifkind, from the Department of Pharmacology at Cornell University Medical College for provision of skin biopsies.     

Preliminary report on the influence of the plasma upon the effect of ADP on arterial and venous platelets

Riassunto È stato dimostrato mediante prove crociate e la osservazione del comportamento di piastrine lavate risospese in PPP venoso o arterioso che la causa dell maggior risposta delle piastrine venose rispetto a quella delle piastrine arteriose all'ADP è nel plasma. La responsività all'ADP aumenta col tempo di incubazione nel plasma delle piastrine lavate.     

Die Bedeutung der Mitochondrienstruktur für die Zitronensäuresynthese

Summary Rat liver mitochondria proved to need a structural integrity for optimal citric acid synthesis. Structural impairment leads to an inhibition of the synthetic activity of the mitochondria, the degree of inhibition being inversely related to substrate concentration; it causes, however, no inactivation of the condensing enzyme. The dependence of this reaction upon the structural conditions is the consequence of an interaction between the two mitochondrial enzymes acetyl-CoA deacylase and condensing enzyme.     

Artificial triploid hybrids by interspecific mating ofOdontophrynus (Amphibia,anura)

Résumé Des hybrides triploïdes ont été obtenus par croisement deOdontophrynus cultripes, amphibien diploïde, avecO. americanus, tétraploide. Les hybrides interspécifiques présentent normalement 33 chromosomes dans les cellules somatiques. Les hybridesO. cultripes ×O. americanus sont plus viables que lesO. americanus ×O. cultripes .

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This work was supported by Public Health Service Research Grant No. GM-14577-02 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and by Fundo de Pesquisas do Instituto Butantan.     

Passaggio di nucleoli attraverso la membrana nucleare negli ovociti in accrescimento diPatella coerulea L. (Moll. Gast. Pros.)

Summary The author has found in increasing ovocytes ofPatella coerulea, particularly in the nuclear membrane, a real passage of small nucleoli from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Thus not all the nucleoli which appear little by little in the nucleus are amphinucleoli.     

A Spontaneous Physics Philosophy on the Concept of Ether Throughout the History of Science: Birth, Death and Revival

In the course of the history of science, some concepts have forged theoretical foundations, constituting paradigms that hold sway for substantial periods of time. Research on the history of explanations of the action of one body on another is a testament to the periodic revival of one theory in particular, namely, the theory of ether. Even after the foundation of modern Physics, the notion of ether has directly and indirectly withstood the test of time. Through a spontaneous physics philosophical analysis, this article will explore how certain aspects of the concept of ether have appeared in different branches of the history of science.     

P2X7, NMDA and BDNF receptors converge on GSK3 phosphorylation and cooperate to promote survival in cerebellar granule neurons

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is a key player in the regulation of neuronal survival. Herein, we report evidence of an interaction between P2X7 receptors with NMDA and BDNF receptors at the level of GSK3 signalling and neuroprotection. The activation of these receptors in granule neurons led to a sustained pattern of GSK3 phosphorylation that was mainly PKC-dependent. BDNF was the most potent at inducing GSK3 phosphorylation, which was also dependent on PI3K. The P2X7 agonist, BzATP, exhibited additive effects with both NMDA and BDNF to rescue granule neurons from cell death induced by PI3K inhibition. This survival effect was mediated by the PKC-dependent GSK3 pathway. In addition, ERK1/2 proteins were also involved in BDNF protective effect. These results show the function of ATP in amplifying neuroprotective actions of glutamate and neurotrophins, and support the role of GSK3 as an important convergence point for these survival promoting factors in granule neurons.     

Eulers “Harmony” Between the Principles of “Rest” and “Least Action”

In 1751, LEONHARD EULER established “harmony” between two principles that had been stated by PIERRE-LOUIS-MOREAU DE MAUPERTUIS a few years earlier. These principles are intended to be the foundations of Mechanics; they are the principle of rest and the principle of least action. My claim is that the way in which “harmony” is achieved sets the foundations of so called Analytical Mechanics: it discloses the physical bases of the general ideas, concepts, and motivations of the formalism. My paper intends to show what those physical bases are, and how a picture of the formalism issues from them. This picture is shown to be recast in JOSEPH-LOUIS LAGRANGES justification of the formalism, which strengthens my claim.