Emerged fossil corals on the coast of northwestern Hainan Island, China: Implications for mid-Holocene sea level change and tectonic uplift

Fossil corals are widespread on the coast of northwestern Hainan Island, China. Most of these corals are exposed during low tide levels, indicating that a higher sea level may have existed during their life time. The radiocarbon data introduced by this paper in combination with those from other sources show that the corals were alive mainly during the midto late-Holocene. Mid-Holocene sea levels 1-3 m higher than the present level were confirmed for adjacent coasts; however, the emerged corals on the investigated coast are not necessarily indicators of a higher eustatic sea level. They do predict relative sea levels of 1.5-3.4 m when using 1 m below the tidal datum as the upper limit of coral growth. However, using the Mean Lower Low Water as the coral’s upper growth limit, the relative sea level on the non-volcanic coast was almost as high as the present level, whereas that on the volcanic coast was 0.4-2.0 m higher than present. Therefore, the exposure of these dead coral heads and their discrepancy in elevation may be the result of tectonic uplift caused by volcanic activities. From these results, the highest sea level of upward coral growth must be defined first when using fossil corals to reconstruct past sea levels. Meanwhile, vertical tectonics have to be taken into account as a significant factor when conducting high-resolution sea level reconstruction, although the South China coast is located in a "tectonically stable" region.     

Optical turbulence profiling with single star SCIDAR technique

In order to characterize optical turbulence, we have developed a single star SCIDAR （SSS） for measurement of the distribution of Cn^2 with height. The SSS consists of a 40 cm telescope and a CCD camera for fast sampling of stellar scintillation pattern. Spatio- temporal auto and cross-correlation functions of the single star images are computed, providing vertical profiles of optical turbulence intensity C2（h） and wind speed V（h）. Using this new SSS experiment, profiles of turbulence can be obtained from the ground to the top of atmosphere, allowing the determination of seeing, isoplanatic angle and coherence time. Detailed characteristics of atmospheric optical turbulence are important for active and passive imaging, astronomical site testing, adaptive optics, laser communications, target tracking and designation, and laser beam control. We plan to improve the robotization of the SSS to be able to use it routinely even under harsh weather and altitude conditions that we expect to encounter on the high Tibetan plateau or at Dome A in Antarctica. SSS will also be applied for the site testing campaign of the future Chinese extremely large telescope.     

Dehydration melting of UHP eclogite and paragneiss in the Dabie orogen: Evidence from laboratory experiment to natural observation

Dehydration melting of subducted continental crust is significant during exhumation, and its study from both experimental and petrological observations is of great importance to our understanding of continental geodynamics. Dehydration melting experi- ments were carried out on ultrahigh-pressure （UHP） eclogite from Bixiling in the Dabie orogen using a piston cylinder at 1.5-3.0 GPa and 800-950℃ to investigate partial melting of eclogite induced by phengite breakdown. The phengite-bearing eclogite started to melt at T≤800-850℃ and P=1.5-2.0 GPa and produced about 3% granitic melt. The products of dehydration melting vary with temperature and pressure. Such results provide valuable constraints on the micro-texture related to partial melting of UHP rocks in the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. Three types of polyphase inclusions were identified in garnet from the Shuanghe UHP eclogite. K-feldspar and quartz inclusions are interpreted to represent the products of segregation and crystallization of minor amounts of melt that formed during dehydration melting of phengite by the inferred reaction Phengite＋Omphacite＋Quartz Amphibole_＋Garnet＋Melt （K-feldspar＋Quartz＋Plagioclase）. Polyphase inclusions of phengite and K-feldspar＋Quartz inclusions were also found in zoisite/clinozoisite and garnet from the Shuanghe garnet-bearing paragneiss. These polyphase inclusions pro- vide evidence for a continuous process from sub-solidus dehydration to partial melting within the UHP gneissic rocks. The com- positional variation of garnets demonstrates that breakdown of epidote-group minerals may have played a crucial role during de- hydration melting reaction of phengite. The Ti-in-zircon thermometry and Si content of phengite in zircon suggest that partial melting would occur at 783-839℃ and 2.0-2.5 GPa. Therefore, both experimental results and petrological observations indicate that dehydration melting and fluid activity within the Dabie UHP rocks at micro-scale are controlled by the breakdown of phengite.     

有序含氮介孔碳对金属离子的吸附性能

以SBA-15为硬模板,吡咯为含氮碳源,通过硬模板法合成了有序含氮介孔碳(NMC).该材料具有高度有序开放的介孔结构,比表面积和孔容分别为647m2/g和0.8cm3/g,最可几孔径为3.5nm,碳氮比为11.3,其表面具有多种含孤对电子或带正、负电子的官能团,且具有良好的热稳定性.对Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)和Mn(Ⅶ)等离子的吸附研究表明:在50ml/L稀溶液中,该材料对各金属离子的平衡吸附量依次为Cu(Ⅱ)>Cr(Ⅵ)>>Ni(Ⅱ)～Zn(Ⅱ)>>Mn(Ⅶ),对Cu(Ⅱ)离子表现出选择性吸附,溶液中98%以上Cu(Ⅱ)离子可被吸附.NMC对Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)离子的吸附行为遵循Langmuir等温吸附方程,且有高饱和吸附容量,分别高达120.7mg/g和322.6mg/g,为有序介孔碳(CMK-3)的1.4和2.1倍.该材料循环使用3次后,依然保持很好的吸附性能.     

面向人脸光照合成的光照参数精确估计算法

为提高人脸图像光照合成的精度,提出了一种基于商图像的光照参数估计新算法.首先分析并指出传统商图像算法中存在恒定反射系数假设难以严格成立这一缺陷,它给光照参数估计引入了固有误差;然后在参数化光照子空间框架下设计了一个改进的目标函数,用商图像本身去替代原算法中的反射系数比,从而弱化了假设条件的限制,允许人脸各像素点拥有独立的反射系数;设计了一个迭代算法,通过线性系统来求解目标函数,能够实现对光照参数的高精度估计.在OFD人脸库和AI&R人脸库上的实验结果表明,所提光照参数估计算法具有良好的收敛性,光照参数估计精度的迹商指标可以获得25.49～43.09 dB的提升,光照合成图像中的峰值信噪比可以获得4.51～9.24 dB的提升.     

大陆与台湾高校学前特殊教育人才培养模式比较

本文对大陆与台湾地区高校学前特殊教育人才培养模式进行分析,论述了两地学前特殊教育课程设置的特点,在此基础上进行比较,并提出台湾地区高校学前特殊教育人才培养模式的可借鉴之处。     

商品住宅价格空间分异的特征与机制研究--以西安市为例

通过对西安城区2006-2011年具有代表性完整信息的楼盘区位、销售价格等资料的分析,研究西安城内、二环内、曲江、城东、城南、长安、高新、城西、城北9个分区的商品住宅价格的空间特征及其空间分异机制。研究表明：西安市区域内商品住宅市场发展不平衡,城东和城西的发展速度落后于城南城北;西安市商品住宅价格的空间分布具有很强的向心性,形成四个高值中心,并由中心向4周呈显著的衰减趋势;区位条件、基础设施完善程度、交通便捷度和生态环境质量等是影响商品住宅价格空间分异的主要因素。     

基于ASP技术和B/S架构的外文图书种次号自动给号系统的设计与实现

介绍了南京航空航天大学图书馆采用ASP技术的基于B/S架构的外文图书种次号自动给号系统的设计与实现.该系统于2011年正式投入使用,改变了该馆外文图书种次号手工给号的现状,提高了外文图书分编工作效率.     

南京涉藏文物：中央政府和西藏地方关系的历史见证

南京是明代前期和民国国民政府时期的首都,遗留了灵谷寺、鸡鸣寺、蒙藏委员会等一批涉藏文物。南京涉藏文物古迹,记载了明王朝对藏区＂多封众建＂和国民政府努力维护国家统一的历史。它们与大量涉藏档案资料一道,是历代中央政府对西藏行使主权,西藏地方与内地密切交流的重要历史见证。     

基于MATLAB电火花磨削高温合金的正交试验

采用正交试验和MATLAB回归分析探究电火花磨削工艺规律.以电火花磨削GH3536蜂窝环为试验背景,研究峰值电流、脉冲宽度两个主要加工参数与加工速度之间的关系.基于概率统计和回归分析的原理,建立了电火花磨削高温合金GH3536的加工速度预测模型.从而得到了与实际生产情况相符合的电火花磨削加工工艺规律,为电火花磨削工艺参数的优化和表面质量的控制提供理论依据.