基于协作研发的技术标准联盟形成条件与路径分析

通过“协作研发—成果专利化和产业化—技术标准联盟—标准确立和推广”的途径来实现技术的标准化是科研组织和企业参与标准制定的重要方式。由此,本文探讨了基于协作研发的技术标准联盟形成条件和路径,行进一步分析了基于协作研发的技术标准联盟的基本特征。     

吴俊辉与他的超锐团队

每到大学生毕业的时候,“就业”就成了社会的热门话题。近年来,越来越多的高校毕业生选择了自主创业的道路。大学生怎样创业?如何将知识转化为财富,并用财富反哺创新?本刊记者专门采访了一批活跃在苏南地区的科技精英,这些被采访对象清一色拥有着高学历,有些是企业的老板,有些则是企业的高层管理人员或高科技人才。他们多年驰骋商场,对创业、创新、创富三者关系有着的认识……     

稀土在高锰钢中的应用

近年来，许多行业对高锰钢的需求量急剧增加，不少企业开发了这一产品。然而由于缺乏生产高锰钢铸件的实际经验和必要的理论知识而遇到了不少困难。鉴于此，本文就稀土改善高锰钢机械性能的机理、稀土在高锰钢铸件生产中的使用效果和生产高锰钢铸件的工艺等问题进行了详细的叙述。     

路易斯-兰德尔规则的误差估计与适用范围

在高压气相化学平衡的计算中,路易斯-兰德尔规则能大大简化计算过程。但该规则有时不适用。本文根据R-K状态方程修正这个规则。估计它的误差,确定其适用范围,该方法简便易行,结果可靠。     

一种数字电路反馈线的快速切割算法

本文提出了一种数字电路反馈线的快速切割算法。该算法先在一个表示数字电路的有向图上构成一棵内向树,然后确定与内向树树枝形成回路的余树枝为反馈线。文中还证明了,切断这些反馈线后的电路不存在回路。     

Fbxw7/Cdc4 is a p53-dependent, haploinsufficient tumour suppressor gene

The FBXW7/hCDC4 gene encodes a ubiquitin ligase implicated in the control of chromosome stability. Here we identify the mouse Fbxw7 gene as a p53-dependent tumour suppressor gene by using a mammalian genetic screen for p53-dependent genes involved in tumorigenesis. Radiation-induced lymphomas from p53+/- mice, but not those from p53-/- mice, show frequent loss of heterozygosity and a 10% mutation rate of the Fbxw7 gene. Fbxw7+/- mice have greater susceptibility to radiation-induced tumorigenesis, but most tumours retain and express the wild-type allele, indicating that Fbxw7 is a haploinsufficient tumour suppressor gene. Loss of Fbxw7 alters the spectrum of tumours that develop in p53 deficient mice to include a range of tumours in epithelial tissues such as the lung, liver and ovary. Mouse embryo fibroblasts from Fbxw7-deficient mice, or wild-type mouse cells expressing Fbxw7 small interfering RNA, have higher levels of Aurora-A kinase, c-Jun and Notch4, but not of cyclin E. We propose that p53-dependent loss of Fbxw7 leads to genetic instability by mechanisms that might involve the activation of Aurora-A, providing a rationale for the early occurrence of these mutations in human cancers.     

黄骅盆地孔西构造带的构造演化特征

通过平衡剖面技术复原古构造演化 ,并结合区域构造分析 ,可将孔西构造带的发育过程大致分为三个构造变形阶段 :晚三叠世末期为挤压褶皱变形期 ;晚三叠世沉积后至侏罗系沉积前为逆冲构造变形期 ;早—中侏罗世为逆冲构造“轻度”渐进变形期。晚侏罗世以后 ,区域构造作用发生反转。随着晚侏罗—早白垩世、早第三纪裂陷盆地的发育 ,孔西构造带作为潜山构造被掩埋。裂陷盆地时期的伸展构造对孔西构造带前第三系的逆冲构造基本上没有大的改造     

LDL-receptor-related protein 6 is a receptor for Dickkopf proteins

Wnt glycoproteins have been implicated in diverse processes during embryonic patterning in metazoa. They signal through frizzled-type seven-transmembrane-domain receptors to stabilize beta-catenin. Wnt signalling is antagonized by the extracellular Wnt inhibitor dickkopf1 (dkk1), which is a member of a multigene family. dkk1 was initially identified as a head inducer in Xenopus embryos but the mechanism by which it blocks Wnt signalling is unknown. LDL-receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) is required during Wnt/beta-catenin signalling in Drosophila, Xenopus and mouse, possibly acting as a co-receptor for Wnt. Here we show that LRP6 (ref. 7) is a specific, high-affinity receptor for Dkk1 and Dkk2. Dkk1 blocks LRP6-mediated Wnt/beta-catenin signalling by interacting with domains that are distinct from those required for Wnt/Frizzled interaction. dkk1 and LRP6 interact antagonistically during embryonic head induction in Xenopus where LRP6 promotes the posteriorizing role of Wnt/beta-catenin signalling. Thus, DKKs inhibit Wnt co-receptor function, exemplifying the modulation of LRP signalling by antagonists.     

Non-Fermi-liquid behaviour in La4Ru6O19

Understanding the complexities of electronic and magnetic ground states in solids is one of the main goals of solid-state physics. Transition-metal oxides have proved to be particularly fruitful in this regard, especially for those materials with the perovskite structure, where the special characteristics of transition-metal-oxygen orbital hybridization determine their properties. Ruthenates have recently emerged as an important family of perovskites because of the unexpected evolution from high-temperature ferromagnetism in SrRuO3 to low-temperature superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 (refs 1, 2). Here we show that a ruthenate in a different structural family, La4Ru6O19, displays a number of highly unusual properties, most notably non-Fermi-liquid behaviour. The properties of La4Ru6O19 have no analogy among the thousands of previously characterized transition-metal oxides. Instead, they resemble those of CeCu6-xAux-a widely studied f-electron-based heavy fermion intermetallic compound that is often considered as providing the best example of non-Fermi-liquid behaviour. In the ruthenate, non-Fermi-liquid behaviour appears to arise from just the right balance between the interactions of localized electronic states derived from Ru-Ru bonding and delocalized states derived from Ru-O hybridization.