快速测定煤发热量的数学模型及其应用

用回归分析的方法，对影响煤发热量的诸因素进行了探讨，建立起回归法的数学模型，继而提出了用回归法测定煤发热量的新方法。     

高强度人类活动下河网水系时空变化驱动机制分析——以浦东新区为例

基于遥感与GIS技术,利用2000,20003年航空影像解译数据,分析了浦东新区河网变化及其与其他土地利用类型之间相互转变的数量特征,对河网缩减驱动机制进行了探讨.研究结果表明:2000～2003年浦东新区河网水系发生了很大变化,主要表现为水域面积减少和河网密度的快速降低,纵横交错干支流组成的"网"状水系变成了仅由干流组成的"口"状水系;城镇扩展的同时缺乏对河网水系有效保护机制是河网缩减的直接原因,河网水系的缩减速度与建设用地变化速率之间存在很好的对应关系;建设用地尤其是交通用地的增加、开发区崛起、人口的大量迁入等在引起土地利用变化的同时,对河网缩减具有重要推动作用.     

兰州市冬季大气颗粒物的污染特征分析

利用兰州市冬季大气颗粒物Anderson分级采样器和石英分级采样器的资料,采用改进的三次样条插值方法分离出PM2.5,研究兰州市PM2.5PM10的污染水平、PM2.5占PM10和TSP的比例,并比较兰州市PM2.5和PM10在国内的污染水平.结果表明:兰州市冬季PM2.5和PM10的污染严重,PM2.5在大气颗粒物中的质量浓度相对很高,PM2.5的污染和危害值得重视.     

RH-MFB精炼过程中钢水温度预测模型

建立了RH-MFB精炼过程中钢水温度的数学模型,通过Delphi程序计算了精炼过程中钢水的温度.结果表明,RH-MFB精炼开始阶段,钢水温度急剧下降,前10 min降温速率约为3℃·min-1,加Al吹氧、加合金和真空室内壁初始温度对钢水温度影响较大.采用该模型预测了精炼结束时刻的钢水温度,与生产中钢水温度平均误差在±5℃以内的占80%.     

Anatase TiO2 single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets

Owing to their scientific and technological importance, inorganic single crystals with highly reactive surfaces have long been studied. Unfortunately, surfaces with high reactivity usually diminish rapidly during the crystal growth process as a result of the minimization of surface energy. A typical example is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which has promising energy and environmental applications. Most available anatase TiO(2) crystals are dominated by the thermodynamically stable {101} facets (more than 94 per cent, according to the Wulff construction), rather than the much more reactive {001} facets. Here we demonstrate that for fluorine-terminated surfaces this relative stability is reversed: {001} is energetically preferable to {101}. We explored this effect systematically for a range of non-metallic adsorbate atoms by first-principle quantum chemical calculations. On the basis of theoretical predictions, we have synthesized uniform anatase TiO(2) single crystals with a high percentage (47 per cent) of {001} facets using hydrofluoric acid as a morphology controlling agent. Moreover, the fluorated surface of anatase single crystals can easily be cleaned using heat treatment to render a fluorine-free surface without altering the crystal structure and morphology.     

日历环境对飞机疲劳关键件性能影响研究

针对飞机老龄化带来的结构安全问题,开展2A12-T4铝合金标准试样模拟不同停放日历年的加速环境试验和疲劳实验,计算得到细节疲劳额定强度(DFR)的变化规律,建立基于动态S-N曲线法的疲劳关键件性能退化计算模型,并与退役飞机同种材料试样疲劳寿命对比.结果表明,采用动态S-N曲线法和DFR法建立的寿命预测模型与真实值吻合较好,飞机疲劳关键件的疲劳性能会随着停放日历时间的延长而降低.     

Improved hemimorphite flotation using xanthate as a collector with S(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) activation

The flotation of hemimorphite using the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process,which includes sulfidization with sodium sulfide,activation by lead cations,and subsequent flotation with xanthate,was investigated.The flotation results indicated that hemimorphite floats when the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process is used; a maximum recovery of approximately 90% was obtained.Zeta-potential,contact-angle,scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectrometry(SEM–EDS),and diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS) measurements were used to characterize the activation products on the hemimorphite surface and their subsequent interaction with sodium butyl xanthate(SBX).The results showed that a Zn S coating formed on the hemimorphite surface after the sample was conditioned in an Na2 S solution.However,the formation of a Zn S coating on the hemimorphite surface did not improve hemimorphite flotation.With the subsequent addition of lead cations,Pb S species formed on the mineral surface.The formation of the Pb S species on the surface of hemimorphite significantly increased the adsorption capacity of SBX,forming lead xanthate(referred to as chemical adsorption) and leading to a substantial improvement in hemimorphite flotation.Our results indicate that the addition of lead cations is a critical step in the successful flotation of hemimorphite using the sulfidization–lead ion activation–xanthate process.     

茉莉酸甲酯对杂交鹅掌楸体胚发育的影响

【目的】探讨作为植物生长调节剂的茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)对杂交鹅掌楸体胚发育的影响,为进一步提高杂交鹅掌楸体胚发生效率奠定基础。【方法】在已建立的杂交鹅掌楸未成熟胚体细胞发生体系的基础上,选用杂交鹅掌楸3种基因型C138、233012、253010为材料,分别添加5种浓度的茉莉酸甲酯,测定杂交鹅掌楸在添加不同浓度茉莉酸甲酯条件下的体胚发生率、成熟率、畸形胚发生率,以及再生植株率。【结果】在体胚诱导培养基中添加不同浓度的MeJA可以显著影响杂交鹅掌楸体胚发生效率,且随着MeJA浓度的增加,体胚发生率和成熟率逐渐升高,畸形胚发生率逐渐降低,而当MeJA浓度超过一定值后,体胚发生率和成熟率呈现下降趋势,畸形胚发生率也逐渐升高。杂交鹅掌楸3种基因型体胚发生率和成熟率从高到低的次序为233012、C138、253010。脱落酸(ABA)能够增强MeJA的上述效应。在体胚苗的生长阶段,浓度逐渐升高的MeJA限制了根的生长,但ABA不能改变该效应。【结论】添加1 μmol/L MeJA和2 mg/L ABA时杂交鹅掌楸体胚诱导效果最佳,此时体胚发生率和体胚成熟率相对较高,体胚畸形率最低。     

禽网状内皮组织增生病毒gp90全长蛋白的原核表达、表达形式鉴定与纯化

该研究将禽网状内皮组织增生病毒gp90基因克隆至原核表达载体pET-30a(+),转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导,并通过SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定蛋白表达情况和蛋白表达.结果发现,将gp90基因连接表达载体转化宿主菌后,成功在大肠杆菌以包涵体形式表达.纯化的蛋白纯度超过90%.     

鱼类染色体高分辨G-带的特征及黄鳝染色体高分辨G-带带型的研究

结合染色体带纹及超微结构分析了鱼类染色体高分辨G-带特征,做出了黄鳝染色体高分辨G-带核型并对其进行了分析.