独立学院大学生创业观的塑造

针对独立学院创业教育的现状、优势和存在的问题,提出在大学生创业观上必须正确处理好自身条件与社会需求、个人就业观与家庭期望、学校创业教育与个人专业学习三大关系。     

Fe76Si7.6B9.5P5C1.9合金带的纵向巨磁阻抗效应

利用单辊快淬法制备宽0.35 mm,厚0.033 mm的Fe76Si7.6B9.5P5C1.9非晶薄带,具有明显的纵向巨磁阻抗效应,最大磁阻比达到754%.氮气保护条件下进行热处理的样品,最大阻抗比和灵敏度都有明显提高,440℃退火1 h的样品最大阻抗比达到1 196%,灵敏度为715%/(A·m-1).     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

Rapid growth and sterility of growth hormone gene transgenic triploid carp

Triploid carp (100%) with 150 (3n=150) chromosomes were obtained by crossing the females of improved tetraploid hybrids (♀, 4n=200) of red crucian carp (♀)×common carp (♂) with the males of diploid yellow river carp (♂, 2n=100). The crosses yielded transgenic triploid carp (positive triploid fish, 44.2% of the progeny) and non-transgenic triploid carp (negative triploid fish). Histological examination of the gonads of 24-month-old positive triploid fish suggested they were sterile and the fish were not able to produce mature gametes during the breeding season. Morphologically, both the positive and negative triploid fish were similar. They had a spindle-shaped, laterally compressed, steel grey body with two pairs of barbells. Most of the quantifiable traits of the triploid carp were intermediate between those of the two parents. The positive and negative triploid fish were raised in the same pond for 2 years. The mean body weight of the positive triploid fish was 2.3 times higher than the negative triploid fish. The weight of the largest positive triploid fish was 2.91 times higher than that of the largest negative triploid fish. Thus, we produced fast-growing transgenic triploid carp that have a reduced ecological risk because of their inability to mate and produce progeny.     

半B-(E,F)-凸约束单目标规划的对偶性

利用半B-(E,F)-凸函数的有关性质讨论了半B-(E,F).凸函数单目标规划的弱对偶定理,强对偶定理和逆对偶定理.     

香格里拉区域大气本底站环境特征初探

介绍了香格里拉大气本底站的站址地理分布特征,分析和总结了近年来的基本气象要素特征,通过轨迹-聚类方法分析了影响该站的气流来源.轨迹分析结果表明:香格里拉区域大气本底观测站对于探讨南亚地区的大气成分远距离输送对我国西南地区的环境影响具有独特的作用.     

死亡率变化对我国寿险产品纯保费影响的定量研究

寿险产品定价是人寿产品开发的核心,其目的在于确定出适当的价格.而寿险产品定价的基础之一就是经验生命表,由于新经验生命表中死亡率明显下降,会对寿险产品保费产生一定的影响.鉴于新旧生命表的区别,利用寿险精算理论,以终身寿险、定期寿险、生存年金、两全保险等基本寿险产品为例,分析了新生命表下它们各自保费的具体变化,最后通过定量分析给出一些结论.     

西双版纳地区橡胶林生物量的遥感估算

以西双版纳地区橡胶林为对象,设置93个900 m2样地并测量每株胸径等数据,根据经验式计算样地生物量,并分析了生物量与样地调查时间接近的2010年Landsat TM影像的反射率和植被指数的相关性,建立生物量估算模型,计算了该地区橡胶林生物量.结果表明:①生物量与可见光波段(TM1,TM2,TM3)(P<0.01)和中红外波段(TM5,TM7)反射率呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与NDVI,RVI和GI植被指数则呈显著正相关(P<0.01);②GI植被指数是生物量的最佳估算因子;③橡胶林生物量变化在1～291 t.hm-2之间,平均值为(75.90±58.75)t.hm-2,总生物量为1.97×107 t;④生物量在景洪市和勐腊县南部地区较高,且随海拔升高呈现出先增加后减少趋势,最大值出现在600～700 m.     

应用Hermit插值方法修正Dome-A自动气象站记录的雪层温度

随着冰盖表面雪的积累或消融,自动气象站(AWS)上所携带的传感器相对于地表的高度/深度不断变化,给观测数据带来误差.本文利用分段三次Hermit插值的方法对Dome A地区的AWS历史雪层温度数据进行修正.结果表明,雪层的修正量随着雪的积累率的增加而增大,在夏半年为正,在冬半年为负.该方法对于浅层雪温的修正有较好的效果.     

均匀沉淀（尿素水解）法合成CO32-型MgAl-LDH

采用均匀沉淀法(尿素水解法)合成了高结晶度的CO32-型MgAl-LDH,探索了温度和时间对产物的影响.研究发现,n(Mg)/n(Al)进料比为2时,较低反应温度(如100℃)下很难得到n(Mg)/n(Al)=2的LDH.这可能与Mg(OH)2溶解度较高,Mg2+难以与Al3+一同沉淀有关.为提高产物n(Mg)/n(Al),我们采用提高n(Mg)/n(Al)投料比(如3∶1,4∶1,5∶1)的方法.研究发现,反应时间较短时,可得较纯的LDH相,但产物的n(Mg)/n(Al)远低于进料比;若反应时间延长,会出现水菱镁矿(hydromagnesite)和菱镁矿(magnesite,MgCO3)的杂相.由此推断,为得到高n(Mg)/n(Al)的LDH,不能单纯增加n(Mg)/n(Al)进料比,其他条件如尿素浓度,尤其是反应温度等也需改变.