辽宁省内国家级森林公园区域分布状况与发展建议

目前辽宁省国家级森林公园比较集中分布在抚顺、本溪和大连地区,对这些地区的森林公园建设的区域自然环境特点进行概述,并针对这些地区的区域特点提出了一些关于森林风景资源保护和森林旅游开发的建议.     

Mercury release flux and its influencing factors at the air-water interface in paddy field in Chongqing, China

The exchange of mercury(Hg) across the air-water interface is an important part of Hg biogeochemical cycle.Mercury fluxes across the air-water interface in paddy fields were measured by a Dynamic Flux Chamber(DFC) coupled with a Lumex multifunctional mercury analyzer RA-915+ at two sites(Chengjiang(CJ) and Caoshang(CS)) in Beibei,Chongqing,China in 2008.The results showed that mercury emission followed a power-law relationship with solar radiation and air temperature,and it increased exponentially with water temperature at both sites.Mercury emission was mainly influenced by the solubility of gaseous elemental Hg,photo-thermal effect,electron activity(Eh) and air Hg concentrations.Solar radiation made the greatest direct contribution to mercury emission during the daytime(0.80),with an 83.60% contribution,whereas at nighttime the water temperature(0.72) contributed to 71.65% of emissions.The temperature gradient between water and air might also influenced mercury emission across the air/water interface at nighttime.These findings suggest that paddy fields could act as a significant source of atmospheric mercury,and it can contribute significantly to the atmospheric mercury in a local region.     

试论如何在土地利用规划修编中处理"刚性"与"弹性"的关系--以重庆江津市的土地利用总体规划修编为例

随着中国经济的飞速发展,各地用地需求不断变化,土地利用总体规划修编试点工作已在全国展开．在规划修编中,需要处理好规划的“刚性”与“弹性”问题．该文以重庆江津市的土地利用总体规划修编为例,在修编工作中对土地利用规划的“刚性”与“弹性”相结合的问题开展探索,重点论述了“可耕地”、“机动指标”以及“弹性控制区”等问题．     

Hydrolysis of carboxylate ester catalyzed by a new artificial abzyme based on molecularly imprinted polymer

A new kind of artificial abzyme MIP-3, which contains N-phenyl benzonic amide group and “nanochannel” formed by embedded ZnO nano materials, and is imprinted by a transition-state analogue of p-nitrophenyl methyphosphonate in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate, was prepared by radical co-polymerization. Hydrolytic kinetics of p-nitrophenyl carboxylate catalyzed by MIP-3 was investigated. The results showed that the artificial abzyme exhibited notable substructure selectivity and strong catalytic ability in hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate     

Research on Recommendation Algorithms Based on Cloud Models in Probabilistic Linguistic Environments

To solve the problem that the traditional cloud model can’t directly process the textual review information in the recommendation algorithm, this paper combines the merits of the cloud model in transforming qualitative and quantitative knowledge with the multi-granularity advantages of probabilistic linguistic term sets in representing uncertain information, and proposes a recommendation algorithm based on cloud model in probabilistic language environment. Initially, this paper quantifies the at...     

Synthesis and structure of 3D heterometallic （3d-4f） coordination polymers： {[Ln2Cu（pydc）4（H2O）6]·2H2O}n

Two new 3D heterometallic （3d-4f） coordination polymers {[Ln2Cu（pydc）4（H2O）6]·2H2O}n [Ln = Eu （1） and Gd （2）] have been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions and characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray single-crystal analyses, and IR spectroscopy. X-ray crystal structure analyses show that 1 and 2 possess 3D networks and strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions which was confirmed by thermogravimetric （TG） analysis.     

Characterization of a PDR type ABC transporter gene from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）

DON, as a virulence factor, plays an important role in the infection of Fusarium graminearum in wheat. The infection ability of F. graminearum depends on its capacity of producing DON. The production of DON by F. graminearum is significantly decreased in the wheat varieties with scab resistance. In this study, GeneChip analysis indicated that an EST encoding an ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporter was up-regulated by 45 times in a wheat landrace Wangshuibai, which is resistant to DON accumulation. A pair of EST-derived primers were designed based on the EST sequence, and a clone was then isolated from a wheat genomic DNA TAC library. The TAC clone was sequenced using chromosome walking and gene prediction was conducted using Softberry. A cDNA clone of this gene was subsequently isolated from Wangshuibai induced by DON using gene-specific primers designed according to the untranslated sequence of the gene. The genome size of the gene is 7377 bp, consisting of 19 exons with coding sequences of 4308 bp. It encodes a protein with 1435 amino acid residues and the calculated molecular weight is about 161 kD. BLAST analysis indicated that the gene may belong to pleiotropic drug resistance （PDR） sub-family, and hence designated as TaPDR1 （Triticum aestivum pleiotropic drug resistance）. TaPDR1 was located on chromosome 5A of wheat using nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring. TaPDR1 was up-regulated by induction of both DON and F. graminearum. Expression patterns of TaPDR1 were different in wild-type Wangshuibai and the fast-neutron induced Wangshuibai mutant lacking FHB1, a major QTL of FHB resistance and DON resistance in chromosome arm 3BS. These results suggested that TaPDR1 might be a candidate gene responsible for DON accumulation resistance. The expression profile showed that TaPDR1 expression was neither induced by hormones typically involved in biotic stress, such as JA and SA, nor by abiotic stresses, such as heat, cold, wounding and NaCI. However, TaPDR1 expression was regulated by Al^3＋ and [Ca^2＋], indicating that [Ca^2＋]1 might mediate the signal of TaPDR1 expression.     

Climate instability in the Yili region, Xinjiang during the last glaciation

The climate is influenced by westerlies year in year out and the aeolian loess is widespread in the Yili region, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Through the study of the loess section with a thickness of 21.5 m, much useful information about climatic change in this region during the last glaciation was gotten. Grain size analysis of loess samples in the section showed that the climatic change in the Yili region was of instability during the last glaciation and similar to those of the North Atlantic Ocean and Greenland. In correspondence with the Heinrich events, the percentage of the size fraction of loess with grain size less than 10 μm decreased in cold stadials in the Yili region. This result suggests that the westerly wind be strengthened during the cold periods. Compared with the stadials, the content of the loess with grain size less than 10 μm was increased in interstadials, which indicated that the strength of the westerly wind was weakened. It is obvious that the climate was instable not only in the North Atlantic Ocean and polar regions, but also in other areas of Northern Hemisphere during the last glaciation.     

Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during reconnection

A long-standing problem in the study of space and astrophysical plasmas is to explain the production of energetic electrons as magnetic fields 'reconnect' and release energy. In the Earth's magnetosphere, electron energies reach hundreds of thousands of electron volts (refs 1-3), whereas the typical electron energies associated with large-scale reconnection-driven flows are just a few electron volts. Recent observations further suggest that these energetic particles are produced in the region where the magnetic field reconnects. In solar flares, upwards of 50 per cent of the energy released can appear as energetic electrons. Here we show that electrons gain kinetic energy by reflecting from the ends of the contracting 'magnetic islands' that form as reconnection proceeds. The mechanism is analogous to the increase of energy of a ball reflecting between two converging walls--the ball gains energy with each bounce. The repetitive interaction of electrons with many islands allows large numbers to be efficiently accelerated to high energy. The back pressure of the energetic electrons throttles reconnection so that the electron energy gain is a large fraction of the released magnetic energy. The resultant energy spectra of electrons take the form of power laws with spectral indices that match the magnetospheric observations.     

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest

The worldwide obesity epidemic is stimulating efforts to identify host and environmental factors that affect energy balance. Comparisons of the distal gut microbiota of genetically obese mice and their lean littermates, as well as those of obese and lean human volunteers have revealed that obesity is associated with changes in the relative abundance of the two dominant bacterial divisions, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes. Here we demonstrate through metagenomic and biochemical analyses that these changes affect the metabolic potential of the mouse gut microbiota. Our results indicate that the obese microbiome has an increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet. Furthermore, this trait is transmissible: colonization of germ-free mice with an 'obese microbiota' results in a significantly greater increase in total body fat than colonization with a 'lean microbiota'. These results identify the gut microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology of obesity.