脑及其自我先天本能和后天驱动力的神经生物化学观念

这本专著总结了作者多年来最重要的研究成果。研究表明，人的大脑皮层具有获得驱动力的独特能力．正是这种能力创造了人类社会，并促使人类社会不断进化。作者认为，人类社会目前还处于反复实验的发展阶段，但其最终必将由现在的不可知状态逐渐过渡到理性指导的平衡状态。通过对获得性驱动力的特殊分析及以前曾认为不可知的脑机理的发现，作者对社会生活的发展及艺术、科学的起源给出了合理的生理学解释。本书的目的是要论证即使在脑及其自我的关系中，自然规律仍然是简单的，而不是不可知的。     

数字通信系统 第三版

本书全面介绍了数字通信系统的理论和实际应用方法，并且包含了在数字信号传输中需要运用的关于设计、实现和测试的最新方法和技术。此书介绍的基本技术有：纠错码、多路复用、数字调制、数字用户线路、电缆调制、移动无线网络、城域网和光纤网络。新的工业标准有：声音／视频编码、SONET/SDH、DWDM、ATM、宽带无线网、网络同步和网络管理。每一章节后都有评述和参考文献和大量习题（无答案）。     

MERGING OPTIMALITY CONDITIONS WITH GENETIC ALGORITHM OPERATORS TO SOLVE SINGLE MACHINE TOTAL WEIGHTED TARDINESS PROBLEM

1.Introduction Production sequencing and scheduling is one of the most important activities in production planning and control.Sequencing is defined as the order in which the jobs are processed through the machines.The allocation of machines over time to process a collection of jobs is defined as Scheduling.Several methods have been developed to solve the scheduling problem which can be classified as follows:1)efficient optimal methods,2)implicit and explicit,or complete enumerative methods,a…     

不同降水强度4种草地群落土壤呼吸通量变化特征

利用静态暗箱法, 对内蒙古锡林河流域沿降水梯度4种半干旱草地类型进行了连续2年的野外定位试验, 对比研究了沿降水梯度4种不同草地类型土壤呼吸通量的变化特征, 统计分析了水热因子对草地土壤呼吸通量特征的可能影响, 并建立了土壤呼吸通量与水热因子间的数值关系模式, 同时利用野外连续完整的观测数据对不同草地类型土壤CO₂年排放量分别进行了估算. 结果表明: 土壤呼吸通量存在明显的季节变化规律, 沿降水梯度各草地类型土壤呼吸通量的季节变化型式基本相同, 各草地群落土壤呼吸均以春末和夏季较高, 秋冬季排放量较低, 不同草地类型冬季均观测到土壤呼吸的负通量, 对其机制的进一步研究有利于对土壤年呼吸总量的准确估算; 沿降水梯度4种草地类型土壤年(或生长季)呼吸量均沿降水梯度递减, 表现为贝加尔针茅草原>羊草草原>大针茅草原>克氏针茅草原; 不同草地类型土壤呼吸通量在植物生长季与0~10 cm以及10~20 cm土壤含水量均呈不同程度的正相关, 而与气温和表层土壤温度的相关性较弱, 4种草地类型生长季内土壤表层含水量的变化通常能解释土壤呼吸通量变异的70.2%~94.7%, 而在植物非生长季, 土壤呼吸通量更多地受气温及土壤表层地温的限制, 温度条件的变化能解释土壤呼吸通量变化的70%以上.     

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.     

Enhanced performance of nano-sized SiC reinforced Al metal matrix nanocomposites synthesized through microwave sintering and hot extrusion techniques

In the present study, nano-sized SiC (0, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 vol%) reinforced aluminum (Al) metal matrix composites were fabricated by microwave sintering and hot extrusion techniques. The structural (XRD, SEM), mechanical (nanoindentation, compression, tensile) and thermal properties (co-efficient of thermal expansion- CTE) of the developed Al-SiC nanocomposites were studied. The SEM/EDS mapping images show a homogeneous distribution of SiC nanoparticles into the Al matrix. A significant increase in the strength (compressive and tensile) of the Al-SiC nanocomposites with the addition of SiC content is observed. However, it is noticed that the ductility of Al-SiC nanocomposites decreases with increasing volume fraction of SiC. The thermal analysis indicates that CTE of Al-SiC nanocomposites decreases with the progressive addition of hard SiC nanoparticles. Overall, hot extruded Al 1.5 vol% SiC nanocomposites exhibited the best mechanical and thermal performance as compared to the other developed Al-SiC nanocomposites.     

关于太平洋安全的中欧对话：展望太平洋：看得到合作的希望吗？

太平洋地区正呈现出紧张局势，这不仅体现在关键的中美关系上，而且也体现在中国与其东部和南中国海周边国家的关系上。正如白宫、美国外交部和五角大楼在2012年初正式宣布且具体实施的那样，美国注意力、行动和军力分配向太平洋地区的“再平衡”战略转移，及此战略背后的真实意图，都引起北京方面的关注。中国担心，美国从大西洋到太平洋的整体“战略转移”，     

分析系统动力学 建模与仿真

本书是结合分析力学和系统动力学发展起来的一种新的多学科动力学系统建模方法。这种新的建模技术基于拉格朗日能量法，依次生成一系列适合数值积分的微分代数方程。本书适用的建模方法是能建模和仿真的六连杆闭链机构或晶体管功率放大器等系统。     

基于OBB层次结构碰撞检测的改进算法

方向包围盒（Oriented bounding box：OBB）的构造以及包围盒的相交测试的计算量都比较大，严重影响了在模拟、仿真的应用，尤其是有变形物体的场景。引入近似凸包的思想提出一种快速构造方向包围盒算法，很大程度上减少了构造方向包围盒（0BB）层次结构的顶点数，改进后的算法在降低构造层次结构时间的同时，对方向包围盒的紧密性代价几乎没有影响，在有些时候还提高了包围盒的紧密性。在包围盒相交测试方面，提留了一种基于筒单羽以爱的相交须刿方击，该算法在检测过程中省去了大量包围盒的相交测试计算，提高了相交测试的速度。最后将两种改进算法联合的碰撞检测框架与常用的基于均值和协方差矩阵的包围盒构造和基于分裂轴的算法进行比较，证明了算法具有高效性。     

A very faint core-collapse supernova in M85

An anomalous transient in the early Hubble-type (S0) galaxy Messier 85 (M85) in the Virgo cluster was discovered by Kulkarni et al. on 7 January 2006 that had very low luminosity (peak absolute R-band magnitude M(R) of about -12) that was constant over more than 80 days, red colour and narrow spectral lines, which seem inconsistent with those observed in any known class of transient events. Kulkarni et al. suggest an exotic stellar merger as the possible origin. An alternative explanation is that the transient in M85 was a type II-plateau supernova of extremely low luminosity, exploding in a lenticular galaxy with residual star-forming activity. This intriguing transient might be the faintest supernova that has ever been discovered.