Research progress in ZnO single-crystal: growth,scientific understanding,and device applications

Zinc oxide, a wide band-gap semiconductor, has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices, semiconductor photocatalysis, and diluted magnetic semiconductors. Due to the undisputed lattice integrity, ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, and also believed to be ideal research subjects for understanding the underlying mechanisms of semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors. This review, which is organized in two main parts, introduces the recent progress in growth, basic characterization, and device development of ZnO single crystals, and some related works in our group. The first part begins from the growth of ZnO single crystal, and summarizes the fundamental and applied investigations based on ZnO single crystals. These works are composed of the fabrication of homoepitaxial ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, the research on the photocatalysis mechanism, and dilute magnetic mechanism. The second part describes the fabrication of highly thermostable n-type ZnO with high mobility and high electron concentration through intentional doping. More importantly, in this part, a conceptual approach for fabricating highly thermostable p-type ZnO materials with high mobility through an integrated three-step treatment is proposed on the basis of the preliminary research.     

城市表层土壤重金属污染分析研究

基于某城市城区土壤地质环境调查得到的城市不同功能区、不同海拔位置的表层土壤中8种主要重金属浓度为样本,评价了该城区内不同区域重金属的污染程度;通过数据分析了重金属污染的主要原因;基于重金属污染物的传播特征,建立了确定污染源的位置的数学模型;为了更好地研究城市地质环境的演变模式,指出应收集更多信息以及利用这些信息如何建立模型解决问题.     

公共财政视角下的西藏新型城镇化发展探析

新型城镇化发展是人类社会实现区域统筹协调发展、构建和谐社会的必经阶段,也是西藏实现城乡一体化、逐步走出贫困落后的重要环节之一。公共财政以其自身所具有的职能属性,在新型城镇化发展进程中具有巨大的促进作用。文章分析了公共财政在新型城镇化发展进程中的职能定位,结合西藏具体区情,探讨了西藏在新型城镇化发展中面临的问题,并基于公共财政的视角提出西藏新型城镇化发展的对策建议。     

Temporal dynamics in social trust prediction

Inferring unknown social trust relations attracts increasing attention in recent years. However, social trust, as a social concept, is intrinsically dynamic, and exploiting temporal dynamics provides challenges and opportunities for social trust prediction. In this paper, we investigate social trust prediction by exploiting temporal dynamics. In particular, we model the dynamics of user preferences in two principled ways. The first one focuses on temporal weight; the second one targets temporal smoothness. By incorporating these two types of temporal dynamics into traditional matrix factorization based social trust prediction model, two extended social trust prediction models are proposed and the cor- responding algorithms to solve the models are designed too. We conduct experiments on a real-world dataset and the results dem- onstrate the effectiveness of our proposed new models. Further experiments are also conducted to understand the importance of temporal dynamics in social trust prediction.     

光催化共振荧光法测定水中痕量铀

在磷酸介质中,UO_2~(+2)能催化过氧化氢氧化曙红Y(EY),导致体系的共振荧光强度降低,据此建立了光催化共振荧光法检测水中痕量铀的新方法.实验发现,曙红Y最大的共振荧光波长530 nm.实验中发现,共振荧光降低值ΔF与铀(Ⅵ)浓度在0.4~15.0 ug/L范围内线性关系良好,可以应用标准曲线法测定环境样品中的铀.RSD小于2.77%,加标回收率为95%~103.8%.测定环境水样中铀(Ⅵ),结果良好.     

“水质控制”在瓯江梯级混合型水库调度中的应用

介绍了浙江电网水库调度应用中瓯江梯级混合型水库水质控制功能植入发电调度中的原理及方法.不同的调度权限对水库调度有不同的目标要求,该方法对存在天然水力联系的梯级水库间进行联调水质,为协调不同调度权限间水库调度需求提供依据,对今后有不同侧重需求的水库调度系统项目建设具有重要的参考价值.     

脉冲积分微分方程解的有界性与Lagrange稳定性

通过Lyapunov函数与Razumikhin技巧的直接运用,给出了脉冲积分微分方程解的有界性与Lagrange稳定性的判别准则。     

单原子与单模腔场的多光子相互作用

在不考虑旋波近似的情况下,采用格林函数方法,研究了单原子激光器中单原子与单模腔场的相互作用,给出腔模平均原子数的解析表达式,最终获得的光谱中出现了四条Lorentzian线峰,这与之前Mollow在旋波近似下预测到的三重光谱的结果有所不同.     

基于垂直管道内重油-水两相流动型态的持水率和压降预测模型

针对重油井筒举升流动规律认识不清的问题,本文采用高黏（584.24 cp,1.889 g/cm3）重油作为研究对象,研究重油-水在上升管中的流动特性,得到了五种重油-水两相流动型态。结果表明与轻油-水流动不同,重油-水流动过程中未发生相转化,该现象与表面能方程的预测结果相似。通过持水率测量得到重油-水两相的滑移效应随油水混合流速降低或持水率增加而变得更加明显,基于漂移流模型和动量守恒方程推导得到五种流态下重油-水两相流的持水率预测模型,相对误差率在20%以内。总压降梯度在低持水率时以重力压力梯度为主,高混合流速和高持水率时以摩擦压力梯度为主。采用基于Bannwart模型建立的重油-水中心环状流压降预测模型,误差率在30%以内,为进一步提高重油井筒举升流动参数的预测精度提供了理论基础。     

基于离散元的蓄盐沥青混合料低温劈裂试验分析

为了对比探究蓄盐沥青混合料低温劈裂下的细观特性,在室内劈裂试验的基础上,基于离散元随机生成算法,按照室内试验相应的级配比例和试验参数,分别构建了蓄盐沥青混合料和普通沥青混合料数学模型,并进行了数值模拟试验。通过改变粗集料形态、摩擦因数以及试件空隙率时,在细观层面对其劈裂强度、裂纹类型及数量等方面进行了对比分析。实验表明：普通沥青混合料的劈裂强度明显高于蓄盐沥青混合料,且裂纹数目相对较少;当粗集料形态在中值时,可以获得较大的劈裂强度值,此时,其摩擦因数对混合料的劈裂强度影响不大,而且,随着空隙率的减小,劈裂强度还会有所提高。宏观和细观试验研究认为：添加蓄盐材料后对混合料的低温抗裂性能会有一定劣化影响;沥青混合料的空隙率与劈裂强度为负相关,而集料的摩擦因数对劈裂强度没有显著影响。当沥青混合料中集料的形态和空隙率适当时,可以获得较好的低温性能。研究成果对于融雪路面的推广和应用具有实际意义。