方坯连铸凝固末端电磁搅拌工艺优化的数值模拟

利用ANSYS和CFX软件建立了描述160mm×160mm方坯连铸凝固末端电磁搅拌过程的数学模型.通过确立钢液黏度与温度的定量关系,考虑凝固时钢液黏度的重要影响,研究了方坯凝固末端糊状区磁场和流场的分布,以及电流强度对凝固前沿钢液最大搅拌速度的影响规律.结果表明:搅拌电流强度每增加100A,铸坯中心磁感应强度增加250×10-4T,切向电磁力增加1933N/m3,最大流速增加69cm/s.现场实验检验结果表明:60#钢凝固末端电磁搅拌器安装位置处液芯半径为344mm,最佳电磁搅拌频率为6Hz,最佳搅拌电流为380A,此时凝固前沿最大流速为165cm/s,铸坯中心碳偏析得到明显改善,中心碳偏析指数为104.     

复杂铸钢节点受力性能试验研究

为掌握某机场连接楼桁架结构中铸钢节点在最不利设计工况下的受力性能,采用有限元数值分析方法并结合试验手段,对具有12根多方向支管空心铸钢节点的受力性能进行了研究.试验反力架设计为自平衡受力钢框架体系,试验荷载为1.2倍最不利设计工况荷载,采用12台液压千斤顶进行了3次同步分级加载,测试了铸钢节点核心区和各支管的应力及主要支管的端部变形.测试结果显示,加载过程中应力变化均呈线性,且卸载后主要支管端部变形以及各测点应变均能够恢复初始值.铸钢节点在试验荷载下仍处于弹性受力阶段,测试结果与有限元分析结果基本吻合.结合有限元分析与试验手段可全面把握复杂铸钢节点的应力分布规律及极限承载力,并判定其在最不利设计工况下的安全度.     

平行双回线路单回线不对称故障时提取故障分量的新方法

针对传统的只能在故障后2到3个周波提取故障分量的缺点,提出了单回线不对称故障在整个故障过程提取故障分量的新方法.该方法在平行双回线路的六序故障分量理论和单回线不对称故障复合序网图的基础上,根据同向网正、负序电流分布系数相等和反向网正、负序电流分布系数相等的特点,用正、负序电流反向量和负序电流同向量间接求得正序电流同向量的故障分量,进而合成得到每回线各相电流的故障分量.该方法不受负荷电流和电网参数波动的影响.PSASP和MATLAB仿真表明,通过该方法得到的故障分量同实际故障分量相同,而且可以长时间提取.     

流域水污染治理模式创新研究

我国严峻的流域水污染已成为可持续发展的严重威胁,而目前的流域水污染治理模式却难以有效地解决这一难题.针对流域水污染防治的管理体制、机制、政策体系所存在问题,提出了创新流域水污染治理模式的对策与方法.     

超高性能混凝土节段拼装混凝土护栏受力性能分析

面对装配化桥梁的高速发展及服役桥梁混凝土护栏改造的装配化需求,提出由超高性能混凝土(ultra-high perform-ance concrete,UHPC)装配连接的新型节段拼装混凝土护栏.通过数值模拟对比分析了准静态荷载和冲击荷载作用下新型节段拼装混凝土护栏和普通混凝土护栏的极限荷载、动力响应和破坏形式.结果 表明:新型节段拼装混凝土护栏在各类加载条件下均具有普通混凝土护栏同等的防撞性能;UHPC构件能替翼缘板吸收大量冲击能量,可有效减小翼缘板受力,起到一定的保护作用.所提混凝土护栏节段拼装方案为混凝土护栏的装配化施工提供参考.     

摩擦耗能支撑参数优化

提出摩擦耗能支撑参数优化的一种新数学模型．它的特点是在相同的层间位移角限值下,所求得的框架各层耗能支撑刚度之和最小,从而实现安装较少的耗能装置而能达到相同的抗震要求．文中利用遗传算法求解该优化问题,编制基于遗传算法的摩擦耗能框架结构弹塑性动力优化分析程序GAOFF．算例表明,该方法有效。     

Lagrange方程的矩阵形式

本文在Lagrange力学中尝试引入偏导数算符矩阵,给出了计算矩阵复合偏导数的公式,从而初步实现推理过程的矩阵运算化。Lagrange力学理论的矩阵化,不仅简化了基本规律的表述,而且为分析力学用于复杂问题提供了新的途径。     

空心莲子草吸附钴离子前后溶液pH值的变化及其红外光谱研究

用PH计和红外光谱研究了空心莲子草对Co(NO3)2的生物吸附特性，发现空心莲子草对Co^2 具有有较强的吸附能力，在达到饱和吸附前，其吸附量随Co^2 的起始浓度的增加而增加，吸附前的PH值及红外光谱表明；在吸附过程中，羟基和氨基起重要作用，Co^2 与生物材料中的氢（可能是羟基氨）发生了交换，且化学吸附和物理吸附同时起作用。     

细小病毒与致癌蛋白质序列同源性比较佐证细小病毒无致癌潜力

在Micro Vax II及IBM/PC机上用Framis,Genepro软件,蛋白质、核酸序列数据库Swissprot,PIR,EMBL和Genbank,比较了H-1或MVM的四种蛋白质与现已报道的致癌蛋白质序列的同源性。结果表明,它们之间的配对百分数很低且是随机的,这可能是细小病毒没有致癌潜力的佐证。本实验室还初步证明PV MVM可以杀死经人Ha-ras与v-myc共转染大鼠胚胎成纤维细胞形成的转化细胞,这将为临床治疗抗放射线的人癌提供新途径。     

Biodegradation of dissolved organic carbon in soil extracts and leachates from a temperate forest stand and its relationship to ultraviolet absorbance

The amount and biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in forest floors can contribute to carbon sequestration in soils and the release of CO 2-C from soil to the atmosphere.There is only limited knowledge about the biodegradation of DOC in soil extracts and leachates due to the limitations inherent in degradation experiments.Differences in the biodegradation of DOC were studied in forest soil extracts using cold and hot water and 4 mmol/L CaCl 2 solution and in soil leachates sampled under different conditions over a wide range of DOC concentrations.From these results,we developed a simple and rapid method for determining the biodegradable organic C in forest floors.The hot water extracts and CaCl 2 extracts after CH 3 Cl fumigation contained higher concentrations of biodegradable organic C than the cold water extracts and CaCl 2 extracts before fumigation,with rapid DOC degradation occurring 24-48 h after incubation with an inoculum,followed by slow DOC degradation till 120-168 h into the incubation.During a 7-d incubation with an inoculum,the variation in DOC degradation in the different soil extracts was consistent with the change in special UV absorbance at 254 nm.Relatively higher levels of biodegradable organic C were detected in soil leachates from the forest canopy than in forest gaps between April and October 2008 (P <0.05).Relatively lower concentrations of DOC and biodegradable organic C were observed in soil leachates from N-fertilized plots during the growing season compared with the control,with the exception of the plot treated with KNO 3 at a rate of 45 kg N ha 1 a 1.Around 77.4% to 96.3% of the variability in the biodegradable organic C concentrations in the forest floors could be accounted for by the initial DOC concentration and UV absorbance at 254 nm.Compared with the conventional inoculum incubation method,the method of analyzing UV absorbance at 254 nm is less time consuming and requires a much smaller sample volume.The results suggest that the regression models obtained using the initial DOC concentration and UV absorbance can provide a rapid,simple and reliable method for determining the biodegradable organic C content,especially in field studies involving relatively large numbers of samples.