关于国家重点实验室科研组织形式的思考

目前国家重点实验室进入了新的发展阶段，主流的科研组织形式——PI制已经不能充分适应科技发展和国家重点实验室发展的需求。分子生物学国家重点实验室借鉴大项目管理所采用的首席科学家负责制，在重点实验室管理中引入研究团队及研究团队负责人负责制，提出一种复合型的科研组织形式——“点一群一阵”结构。通过合理的队伍构建和资源配置，PI既能以研究组为基本单元进行自由探索，又可组成团队发挥群体优势、联合攻关。     

草原退化过程中植物功能群数量特征的变化

本研究以内蒙古高原东部克鲁伦河流域的放牧退化草原作为研究对象，在植物功能群划分的基础上，比较不同类别功能群在放牧梯度上的垂直分异和地上生物量的空间分布。结果显示：在中度放牧条件下，水分生态型功能群和种子传播类型功能群的植物生长较好；在轻牧区，生活型功能群的物种高度最大；生育型功能群中，匍匐型植物随着放牧强度的增加而减少。地上生物量的分布而言，植物水分生态型功能群中，旱生植物在中度和轻度放牧区占有绝对优势地位，强旱生植物在强度放牧区优势明显；植物生活型功能群中，多年生草本植物在不同放牧强度下都占有明显优势；生育型功能群中，丛生型植物在中度和轻度放牧区分布较广，重度放牧区中鳞茎植物占优势；从种子传播类型功能群来看，重力传播方式的植物在重度放牧区占绝对优势主。在中度放牧条件下草原群落的物种多样性最高。     

丹参法呢基焦磷酸合酶基因(SmFPPS1)的表达模式

克隆了丹参中萜类物质合成相关的法呢基焦磷酸合酶基因(farnesyl diphosphate synthase,SmFPPS1,HQ687768),并对其序列特征进行了分析,发现该基因编码产物含有异戊烯基转移酶的特征结构域定位于细胞质中.功能互补分析显示,SmFPPS1不具有牻牛儿基牻牛儿基焦磷酸合酶(geranylgeranyldiphosphate synthase,GGPPS)活性.实时荧光定量PCR分析结果显示,SmFPPS1在丹参生长的各个时期具有一定的组成性表达,在其花期的各器官中主要在花中表达,而且其表达受到茉莉酸甲酯(methyl jasmonate,MeJA)和真菌诱导子信号的诱导.     

美国提出中欧共同均衡裁军原因分析

中欧均衡裁军的意向是在美苏军备竞赛和规避冲突的纠葛中逐渐产生的。尼克松政府在中欧均衡裁军问题上的主要政策目标:一是利用苏联对欧安会的热衷获取其在欧洲缓和与裁军问题上的让步;二是欲通过裁军谈判缩小两大军事集团在中欧常规力量上的差距;三是借由多边裁军会议推行美国的防务分担政策,减轻自身的防务压力。中欧均衡裁军谈判作为缓解美苏军备竞赛的主要手段之一,为缓和东西方的紧张局势,缓解美国面临的国内外压力发挥了一定的作用。     

公司超额银行借款与诉讼风险

公司诉讼风险的影响因素已得到学术界的广泛关注,但目前的研究较少从公司融资行为角度探讨,本文以2003-2015年中国A股上市公司为研究对象,探讨超额银行借款与公司诉讼风险之间的关系.实证研究发现,公司超额银行借款与诉讼风险存在显著正相关关系,公司内部控制水平的提高以及地区法律环境的改善可以显著弱化二者的正相关关系,并且公司内部控制与地区法律环境在弱化公司超额银行借款引起的诉讼风险过程中存在相互替代的关系.本文从公司超额银行借款行为出发,拓展了公司诉讼风险影响因素的研究视角;同时结合内部控制和地区法律环境,丰富了宏观环境对公司微观主体行为影响的研究.     

Promoted Cytocompatibility of Silk Fibroin Fiber Vascular Graft through Chemical Grafting with Bioactive Molecules

Natural silk from Bombyx mori has been used as medical sutures for several decades,and regenerated silk fibroin( RSF)based biomaterials have been increasingly studied in the past thirty years. However,vascular graft derived from silk fibroin fiber has been explored in recent several years with development of textile science and engineering. Moreover,endothelialization of vascular graft has been seen as an ideal strategy for preventing thrombosis and getting higher patency in a long term. Therefore,in the present work silk fibroin fiber vascular graft( SF) was chemically grafted with bioactive molecules such as heparin and RSF to improve the cytocompatibility. 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane(APTES),1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiie hydrochlide( EDC · HCl),and N-hydroxysuccinimide( NHS) have been employed as coupling agent and crosslinking agents,respectively. Microscopy and ATRFTIR were used to characterize the surface changes and the structure of the grafts after treatment,respectively. Cell culture in vitro and MTT assay were conducted to determine the improvement of cell affinity to the graft. Furthermore,mechanical properties of the grafts before and after treatment were compared. The results showed that the chemical grafting was an effective method for improving the cytocompatibility of SF without significant loss of mechanical properties.     

落花飘零各有命——《莺莺传》、《霍小玉传》之我见

文章以《莺莺传》、《霍小玉传》为切入口,认为寒门士子因追逐仕途经济之成功,不惜始乱终弃。而崔莺莺因出身甲姓,与出身卑微的霍小玉虽然处在同一时代,同为弃妇却命运殊途。作文者也因创作宗旨异趣而让后人评价不一。     

高吸水性树脂的合成方法及应用前景

综述了高吸水位树脂的主要合成方法、生产概况以及应有前景，并评述了各种合成方法的优化反应条件．     

Genomic and genic sequence variation in synthetic hexaploid wheat （AABBDD） as compared to their parental species

In order to understand the genomic changes during the evolution of hexaploid wheat, two sets of synthetic hexaploid wheat from hybridization between maternal tetraploid wheat （AABB） and paternal diploid goat grass （DD） were used for DNA-AFLP and single strand conformation polymorphism （SSCP） analysis to determine the genomic and genic variation in the synthetic hexaploid wheat. Results indicated that more DNA sequences from paternal diploid species were eliminated in the synthetic hexaploid wheat than from maternal tetraploid wheat, suggesting that genome from parental species of lower ploidity tends to be eliminated preferentially. However, sequence variation detected by SSCP procedure was much lower than those detected by DNA-AFLP, which indicated that much less variation in the genic regions occurred in the synthetic hexaploid wheat, and sequence variations detected by DNA-AFLP could be derived mostly from non-coding regions and repetitive sequences. Our results also indicated that sequence variation in 4 genes can be detected in hybrid F1, which suggested that this type of sequence variation could be resulted from distant hybridization. It was interesting to note that 3 out of the 4 genes were mapped and clustered on the long arm of chromosome 2D, which indicated that variation in genic sequences in synthetic hexaploid wheat might not be a randomized process.     

NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITION FOR GLOBAL CONTROLLABILITY OF A CLASS OF AFFINE NONLINEAR SYSTEMS

In this paper, we investigate the global controllability of a class of n-dimensional affine nonlinear systems with n- 1 controls and constant control matrix. A necessary and sufficient condition for its global controllability has been obtained by using the methods recently developed. Furthermore, we generalize the above result to a class of affine nonlinear systems with a block-triangular-like structure. Finally, we will give three examples to show the applications of our results.