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931.
Evidence for ubiquitous strong electron-phonon coupling in high-temperature superconductors 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lanzara A Bogdanov PV Zhou XJ Kellar SA Feng DL Lu ED Yoshida T Eisaki H Fujimori A Kishio K Shimoyama JI Noda T Uchida S Hussain Z Shen ZX 《Nature》2001,412(6846):510-514
Coupling between electrons and phonons (lattice vibrations) drives the formation of the electron pairs responsible for conventional superconductivity. The lack of direct evidence for electron-phonon coupling in the electron dynamics of the high-transition-temperature superconductors has driven an intensive search for an alternative mechanism. A coupling of an electron with a phonon would result in an abrupt change of its velocity and scattering rate near the phonon energy. Here we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to probe electron dynamics-velocity and scattering rate-for three different families of copper oxide superconductors. We see in all of these materials an abrupt change of electron velocity at 50-80 meV, which we cannot explain by any known process other than to invoke coupling with the phonons associated with the movement of the oxygen atoms. This suggests that electron-phonon coupling strongly influences the electron dynamics in the high-temperature superconductors, and must therefore be included in any microscopic theory of superconductivity. 相似文献
932.
Chaudhari P Lacey J Doyle J Galligan E Lien SC Callegari A Hougham G Lang ND Andry PS John R Yang KH Lu M Cai C Speidell J Purushothaman S Ritsko J Samant M Stöhr J Nakagawa Y Katoh Y Saitoh Y Sakai K Satoh H Odahara S Nakano H Nakagaki J Shiota Y 《Nature》2001,411(6833):56-59
The technique used to align liquid crystals-rubbing the surface of a substrate on which a liquid crystal is subsequently deposited-has been perfected by the multibillion-dollar liquid-crystal display industry. However, it is widely recognized that a non-contact alignment technique would be highly desirable for future generations of large, high-resolution liquid-crystal displays. A number of alternative alignment techniques have been reported, but none of these have so far been implemented in large-scale manufacturing. Here, we report a non-contact alignment process, which uses low-energy ion beams impinging at a glancing angle on amorphous inorganic films, such as diamond-like carbon. Using this approach, we have produced both laptop and desktop displays in pilot-line manufacturing, and found that displays of higher quality and reliability could be made at a lower cost than the rubbing technique. The mechanism of alignment is explained by adopting a random network model of atomic arrangement in the inorganic films. Order is induced by exposure to an ion beam because unfavourably oriented rings of atoms are selectively destroyed. The planes of the remaining rings are predominantly parallel to the direction of the ion beam. 相似文献
933.
Lou Qin |jian Sarem Mu dar Li Rui |xuan Xiao Wei |jun Lu Zheng |ding Chen Chuan |bo School of Computer Science Technology Huazhong University of Science Technology Wuhan Hubei China 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2003,8(1):21-27
0 IntroductionTheneedforintegrationofdifferentdatabasemanagementsystems (DBMSs) ,makingdifferencesbetweenthesesystemsinvisibleandprovidinguserswithauniformaccesstoallthedatabaseshasgrownrapidlyduringthelastdecade .However,databaseautonomyandheterogeneity… 相似文献
934.
Lu?PingEmail author Liu?Bin Zhang?Zhe Wu?Feng Deng?Nan-shengEmail author 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2003,8(4):1147-1152
Inclusion complex of Orange II with β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and the anti-photolysis effect under UV-light were investigated.
The molar ratio of inclusion complex of β-Cyclodextrin and Orange II is 1∶1. The formation constantK = 1.236×103 L/mol was determined by the UV and Fluorescence spectra respectively, which was quite in accordance with the calculation
with a modified Benesi-Hildbrand equation. The inclusion complex was characterized by the IR spectra and the molar ratio of
inclusion complex is 1∶1 too. The formation constantK = 1.266×103 L/mol was determined by1H NMR analysis and was nearly the same by UV and fluorescence spectra. The photocatalytic decolorization rate of Orange II
solutions containing β-CD and TiO2 was smaller by 51.9% than that of the Orange II solutions only containing TiO2, while in the case of direct photolysis of Orange II solutions, β-CD can lower the photolysis rate by 48.1% under UV-light.
This result indicates β-CD can inhibit the photolysis and photocatalytic decolorization of Orange II under UV-light. The β-CD
inclusion complex was found to be persistent to UV-light photolysis.
Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20177017)
Biography: Lu Ping (1958), male. Associate professor, research direction: environmental photochemistry. 相似文献
935.
Li Jin |chai Guo Huai |xi Lu Xian |feng Zhang Zhi |hong Ye Ming |sheng School of Physics Technology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2003,8(3):821-824
0 IntroductionArtificialarthrosiseshavebeenwidelyusedintheoperatorsclinicalsurgeriesforthepatientswhosearthrosiseswerese riouslyseverelydamaged.Butmostofartificialarthrosisescanon lybeusedforabouttenyearslongduetotheseriousabrasion .Forthisreason ,theimprovementofthelongevityofartificialarthrosisbecomesanimportantsubjectofstudy .TheartificialarthrosisesbeingmadeupofTialloyTC4(Ti 6Al 4V)andthepolythenewithultrahighmolecularweighthavegreatpotentialitiesonim provinglongevitybecauseTC4canreac… 相似文献
936.
Polycystins 1 and 2 mediate mechanosensation in the primary cilium of kidney cells 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
Nauli SM Alenghat FJ Luo Y Williams E Vassilev P Li X Elia AE Lu W Brown EM Quinn SJ Ingber DE Zhou J 《Nature genetics》2003,33(2):129-137
Several proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) localize to cilia. Furthermore, cilia are malformed in mice with PKD with mutations in TgN737Rpw (encoding polaris). It is not known, however, whether ciliary dysfunction occurs or is relevant to cyst formation in PKD. Here, we show that polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), proteins respectively encoded by Pkd1 and Pkd2, mouse orthologs of genes mutated in human autosomal dominant PKD, co-distribute in the primary cilia of kidney epithelium. Cells isolated from transgenic mice that lack functional PC1 formed cilia but did not increase Ca(2+) influx in response to physiological fluid flow. Blocking antibodies directed against PC2 similarly abolished the flow response in wild-type cells as did inhibitors of the ryanodine receptor, whereas inhibitors of G-proteins, phospholipase C and InsP(3) receptors had no effect. These data suggest that PC1 and PC2 contribute to fluid-flow sensation by the primary cilium in renal epithelium and that they both function in the same mechanotransduction pathway. Loss or dysfunction of PC1 or PC2 may therefore lead to PKD owing to the inability of cells to sense mechanical cues that normally regulate tissue morphogenesis. 相似文献
937.
In this paper, the Life Cycle of Urban Development was firstly analyzed, and the phases of Life Cycle Assessment applied to Urban Development (ULCA) were described. As a case study, ULCA was applied in the environmental impact assessment of the land readjustment project of Hyogo District of Saga, Japan. In addition, mitigation proposals for reducing CO2 were also presented and the relevant environmental ef-fects were simulated. 相似文献
938.
提出一种新的竖向弹簧—钢球隔震系统隔离水平地震作用的隔震方法,用势能不变值原理与“对号入座”法则建立该隔震系统的振动方程,分析各控制参数对该隔震系统地震反应的影响.研究结果表明,该隔震系统结构简单,隔离水平地震作用效果显著. 相似文献
939.
Real-time detection of electron tunnelling in a quantum dot 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nanostructures in which strong (Coulomb) interactions exist between electrons are predicted to exhibit temporal electronic correlations. Although there is ample experimental evidence that such correlations exist, electron dynamics in engineered nanostructures have been observed directly only on long timescales. The faster dynamics associated with electrical currents or charge fluctuations are usually inferred from direct (or quasi-direct) current measurements. Recently, interest in electron dynamics has risen, in part owing to the realization that additional information about electronic interactions can be found in the shot noise or higher statistical moments of a direct current. Furthermore, interest in quantum computation has stimulated investigation of quantum bit (qubit) readout techniques, which for many condensed-matter systems ultimately reduces to single-shot measurements of individual electronic charges. Here we report real-time observation of individual electron tunnelling events in a quantum dot using an integrated radio-frequency single-electron transistor. We use electron counting to measure directly the quantum dot's tunnelling rate and the occupational probabilities of its charge state. Our results provide evidence in favour of long (10 micros or more) inelastic scattering times in nearly isolated dots. 相似文献
940.
虚拟企业协作博弈中的双优策略 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
讨论了目前供应链中的虚拟企业的基本概念及出现的背景 ,介绍了动态联盟为基础的敏捷制造模式 ,从对偶线性规划和双层规划的思想出发 ,在虚拟企业中共赢策略的基础上提出双优的实施策略 ,论述了达到双优所需要的条件及可行性 ,最后讨论了供应链的敏捷性 . 相似文献