减摇水舱台架中伺服系统的分析与校正

船舶减摇水舱试验台架是研究和设计减摇水舱的重要试验设备．为了准确模拟船舶在海浪中的横摇运动，在台架系统中采用电液力矩伺服系统来模拟海浪力矩．主要对伺服系统进行分析与校正，使电液伺服系统能够正确模拟输入的力矩信号。     

BP神经网络在路径规划中的应用

神经网络由于其具有对数据大规模并行处理及对知识有较强的融合能力的优点，因此将它应用于机器人路径规划中，但是BP网络极容易陷入局部极小值，应用加权策略解决了此问题．仿真结果表明，BP神经网络应用于移动机器人路径规划具有正确性、高效性、实用性和智能性等优势．     

当量粘度法判断RF树脂粘合性能的探讨

通过测量在线取样的间苯二酚-甲醛树脂(以下简称RF树脂)溶液的当量粘度，来间接判断RF树脂的粘合性能。在NaOH质量分数为0．25％、反应温度为25℃的条件下，分析得出在反应时间为5h、F／R=1．8时合成的RF溶液粘合性能较好。并对此试样进行红外光谱分析，分析结果与测当量粘度结果一致，说明当量粘度法问接判定RF树脂的粘合性能的可行性，对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

一维纳米材料中电子局域态分布

从一维纳米随机链模型出发,在考虑近邻、次近邻相互作用的情况下,运用多对角全随机厄米矩阵求解方法计算了一维纳米材料的电子局域态中心位置.针对晶界无序度和晶粒大小,讨论了材料中的电子局域态分布.研究结果表明:局域态中心位置随能量的改变而改变,并且在不同的能量范围内局域态分布不同,在某些能量范围内,能量变化很小而局域位置变化很大,电子跳跃很容易发生,而在另一些能量范围内,能量变化很大但局域位置变化很小,电子跳跃难以发生,因而直接影响材料的导电、导热等性能;晶界无序度和晶粒大小对局域态分布影响很大,当晶界无序度变小时,体系趋向有序,局域态位置随能量的变化呈一定程度的周期性;而当晶粒粒径变小时,晶界的作用增强,无序作用也相应增强,局域态增多,分布密度增大.     

Difference schemes on non-uniform mesh and their application

High order accurate schemes are needed to simulate the multi-scale complex flow fields to get fine structures in simulation of the complex flows with large gradient of fluid parameters near the wall, and schemes on non-uniform mesh are desirable for many CFD (computational fluid dynamics) workers. The construction methods of difference approximations and several difference approximations on non-uniform mesh are presented. The accuracy of the methods and the influence of stretch ratio of the neighbor mesh increment on accuracy are discussed. Some comments on these methods are given, and comparison of the accuracy of the results obtained by schemes based on both non-uniform mesh and coordinate transformation is made, and some numerical examples with non-uniform mesh are presented.     

Approaches to prediction of impact of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction on alpine ecosystems alongside and its recovery

With the aid of the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the ecosystem pattern and fragility distribution maps of the 50-km-wide zone along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were compiled and by using the superimposition method, range, area and indexes of the impact of various engineering activities on the ecosystems alongside the railway were studied. By making reference to the ecosystem recovery process of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, mechanisms of recovery of the alpine ecosystems alongside the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were studied and extents and rates of the recovery were predicted.The results indicate that the impact of the railway engineering on the Alpine ecosystem depends mainly on how much the original surface soil in the zone has been disturbed and how fragile of the ecosystem per se. Restoration of vegetation coverage and species abundance shows a significantly reverse relationship with disturbance of the original surface soil but an extremely positive one with the length of the restoration period and mean annual precipitation and annual mean relative humidity in the period and no obvious bearings with altitude and temperature. In sections with an annual precipitation over 200mm, as long as a certain percentage of original soil is left in situ, it takes only 30 years or so for biodiversity to get basically restored to the original level after the construction is completed but at least 45-60 years or more for vegetation coverage.     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

An SNP polymorphism（-844C／T） in the promoter of catalase gene leads to differential expression

Imbalance of redox state has been associated with human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, Huntington‘s disease and Alzheimer‘s disease. Catalase, an important antioxidant enzyme, decomposes H202 into O2 and H2O, therefore limiting the deleterious effect of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous study showed that a C-T polymorphism, located at -844 bp from the translational start site of catalase, is strongly associated with essential hypertension in an isolated Chinese population of Xiangchang country, Anhui Province. To explore the impact of SNP-844C/T on the expression of catalase, human catalase promoters containing either SNP-844C or T variant were subcloned into the pGL3Basic luciferase vector.     

Photocatalytic effect of nature and modified V-bearing rutile

A natural rutile TiO2, which displays photocatalysis on degrading halohydrocarbon pollutants, was reported. The rutile contains up to 1.22% V2O5 (weight percent). Substitutions of Ti by V, as well as Fe, Cu and Zn, result in lattice distortions and defects. Grinding, heating and quenching modify the surface characteristics of ruffle, and consequently increase its photoactivity. It is found that the heating and quenching treatments enhance visible-light absorption of ruffle, especially at 1000 and 1100℃. Ground rutile is effective to degrade tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene. While, heating at 1000℃, and quenching at 1000 and 1100℃ distinctly improve degradation rate of samples. The special properties of the natural rutile have particular capabilities in photocatalytic oxidation, especially in degradation of halohydrocarbons.     

二阶系统模糊变结构控制器设计及稳定性分析

采用滑模变结构控制时不可避免会产生抖振问题,尤其是对于那些变参数及具有不可测量持续扰动的系统,通过常规方法难以克服抖振对系统控制性能带来的不利影响。为此将模糊控制与滑模变结构控制相结合,设计了一种模糊变结控制器,既保持了变结构控制的鲁棒性及快速性,又能较好地消除抖振现象,并利用描述函数法分析了该控制系统的稳定性。最后通过一个具体的导弹变系数二阶控制系统的应用实例验证了该控制器的性能。