从线粒体DNA控制区基因探讨红腹锦鸡和白腹锦鸡的分类关系

用聚合链式反应(PCR)和直接测序的方法测定红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)和白腹锦鸡(C.amherstiae)各5个样本线粒体DNA控制区的468 bp的序列,共发现26个变异位点.红腹锦鸡的序列变异率为0.90%,白腹锦鸡的序列变异率是0.17%,两者差异极显著.红腹锦鸡和白腹锦鸡的3种碱基(A,T,C)含量差异显著.根据Kumar双参数法计算两种锦鸡的遗传距离为0.035±0.008,按线粒体DNA控制区的进化速率2%/Myr计算,它们的分歧进化的时间大约是(1.75±0.40)Myr,结果支持它们是两个独立的种.红腹锦鸡和白腹锦鸡可能分别起源于秦岭以南地区和横断山脉.     

不确定切换系统的动态输出反馈鲁棒H∞控制

研究一类由任意有限多个不确定子系统组成的切换系统的动态输出反馈鲁棒H∞控制问题.利用共同Lyapunov函数方法和凸组合技术,给出由矩阵不等式表示的控制器存在的充分条件,并设计了相应的子控制器和切换规则.采用消元法,将该矩阵不等式转化为一组线性矩阵不等式(LMIs).最后给出一个数值仿真实例证明结论的有效性.研究结果表明:通过切换,闭环系统在整个状态空间上的每个点都满足鲁棒H∞性能,而并不要求每个子系统在整个状态空间上都满足鲁棒H∞性能,甚至也不要求其渐进稳定.     

锥阀稳态液动力及阀芯表面压力分布数值模拟

基于Fluent流场仿真软件,对锥阀外流和内流情况下阀芯所受稳态液动力及阀芯表面压力分布进行了数值模拟和分析。结果表明,稳态液动力随着阀口压差的增大而增加;当阀口压差大于2.5MPa时,阀芯表面出现负压,阀口处发生气蚀;当阀口开度为1mm时,稳态液动力最大;在其他条件相同的情况下,锥阀内流时的液动力小于锥阀外流时的液动力。     

有机/无机杂化材料与多功能纤维研究进展

有机/无机杂化材料能够实现有机高分子材料与无机材料在纳米或分子水平上的复合,在发挥各自组分特性的同时,体现出特有的协同效应,如新性能、多功能.该原理同样适用于有机/有机杂化体系.随着产业用纤维材料的不断发展,其应用领域也随之拓展,开发新型高分子材料,实现纤维的多功能化成为研究热点.根据纤维多功能化的发展需求,结合有机/无机杂化机理,在分子水平上设计构筑杂化功能材料,采用结构设计、界面构筑的方法建立杂化功能材料与成纤高聚物杂化体系.以成纤高分子的结构设计及凝聚态控制、纳米纤维和低维纳米材料的结构可控制备及其功能化复合为例,简要介绍了有机/无机杂化原理在纤维多功能化方面的研究进展,最后提出了多功能化有机/无机杂化纤维的展望.     

A mixed-model approach for genome-wide association studies of correlated traits in structured populations

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a standard approach for studying the genetics of natural variation. A major concern in GWAS is the need to account for the complicated dependence structure of the data, both between loci as well as between individuals. Mixed models have emerged as a general and flexible approach for correcting for population structure in GWAS. Here, we extend this linear mixed-model approach to carry out GWAS of correlated phenotypes, deriving a fully parameterized multi-trait mixed model (MTMM) that considers both the within-trait and between-trait variance components simultaneously for multiple traits. We apply this to data from a human cohort for correlated blood lipid traits from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 and show greatly increased power to detect pleiotropic loci that affect more than one blood lipid trait. We also apply this approach to an Arabidopsis thaliana data set for flowering measurements in two different locations, identifying loci whose effect depends on the environment.     

An efficient multi-locus mixed-model approach for genome-wide association studies in structured populations

Population structure causes genome-wide linkage disequilibrium between unlinked loci, leading to statistical confounding in genome-wide association studies. Mixed models have been shown to handle the confounding effects of a diffuse background of large numbers of loci of small effect well, but they do not always account for loci of larger effect. Here we propose a multi-locus mixed model as a general method for mapping complex traits in structured populations. Simulations suggest that our method outperforms existing methods in terms of power as well as false discovery rate. We apply our method to human and Arabidopsis thaliana data, identifying new associations and evidence for allelic heterogeneity. We also show how a priori knowledge from an A. thaliana linkage mapping study can be integrated into our method using a Bayesian approach. Our implementation is computationally efficient, making the analysis of large data sets (n > 10,000) practicable.     

皱疤坚螺在不同发育时期的酯酶(EST)同工酶比较

采用聚丙烯酰胺电泳法分析了皱疤坚螺(Camaena cicatricosa)不同发育时期3个组织的酯酶同工酶,得到19条基本谱带,其中有4条为公共谱带。实验结果表明:不同的组织之间酯酶同工酶存在差异。在相同组织的不同发育时期酯酶同工酶酶谱是相似的,但在谱带上也存在有细微的差异;肝的酯酶活性最大,足的酯酶活性最小。以酶谱为性状,对其进行了聚类分析,发现不同发育时期足和外套膜的相似性比较大,肝的酯酶同工酶酶谱出现了较大变化,而且依成体肝、亚成体肝和幼体肝的顺序与其它组织依次聚类。     

Mechanism Construction of Human Resource Management based on Blockchain Technology

The traditional human resource management system is faced with such problems as the quality of staff recruitment can not be guaranteed, the training performance is not consistent with the actual performance, the enterprise performance appraisal is unfair, and the salary distribution is unfair, which seriously affects the enthusiasm and loyalty of employees and threatens the survival and development of enterprises. In view of the current situation and problems of human resource management system, combined with the technical characteristics of blockchain, this paper proposes a human resource management mechanism based on blockchain technology, in order to achieve the company's human resource management system accurate, efficient, open and transparent. It is found that there is a good coupling between blockchain technology and human resource management system. This paper constructs a human resource management mechanism based on blockchain, innovates the application scenarios of blockchain technology, and provides certain guiding significance for the establishment of human resource management system and process improvement in the future.