药对丹参-当归作用阿尔茨海默病的网络药理学机制研究

为了研究药对丹参-当归作用于阿尔茨海默病的可能机制,通过中药系统药理学分析平台(TCMSP)筛选出丹参、当归的活性成分,寻找其相关的潜在靶点;并通过预测平台人工检索候选化合物的潜在靶点是否与阿尔茨海默病相关;将靶点信息通过DAVID数据库、KEGG数据库进行靶点和通路分析;构建化合物-靶点作用网络,靶点-通路网络图,化合物-靶点-通路图.结果表明:药对丹参-当归中具有潜在作用阿尔茨海默病活性的成分有β-谷甾醇,豆甾醇,丹参酮Ⅱ、丹参新酮、隐丹参酮、二氢丹参酮,其可能通过抗炎、抗氧化、免疫系统、细胞周期、钙信号通路、神经受体-配体相互作用等机制对阿尔茨海默病起作用.     

Experimental investigation on upstream-injection interaction with a scramjet cavity flameholder

The study has evaluated the coherent structures and the velocity field of gaseous transverse jet upstream of a scramjet flameholder in a supersonic turbulent flow. The high spatiotemporal resolution coherent structures of the jet plume/wakes and the cavity shear layer were obtained by utilizing the nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering technique. Compared to the no upstream injection case, the cavity shear layer downstream of the jet shows significant mass exchange with mainstream. The particle image veloc- imetry velocity field and the velocity profiles demonstrated that the interaction intensity of the cavity shear layer with the upstream injection is further enhanced as the injection stagnation pressure increases.     

透镜到样品表面距离对LIBS测量的影响

采用Nd:YAG激光器产生的脉冲激光诱导击穿铜片形成等离子体,研究了透镜到样品表面距离的不同对激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)测量的影响.实验选择合适的延迟时间和采样门宽,并选用元素谱线λ(Cu)为324.8 nm和327.4 nm,λ(Zn)为330.3 nm和334.5 nm进行分析.实验结果表明,透镜到样品表面的距离对LIBS测量确实有很大的影响,谱线强度以及其相对标准偏差均与透镜到样品表面距离密切相关.透镜到样品表面的距离大于焦距时,空气击穿现象严重,不宜用于LIBS测量.激光脉冲能量大,透镜到样品表面距离对LIBS测量的影响大,激光脉冲能量小则相反.     

安徽黄精和琅琊黄精核型初步研究

本文对黄精属（Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎａｔｕｍ Ｍｉｌｌ．）中安徽特有２种植物的核型进行了初步研究，并分别人近缘种的核型进行了比较。结果表明：安徽黄精（Ｐ．ａｎｈｕｉｅｎｓｅ）核型公式为２ｎ＝２４＝４ｍ＋６ｓｍ＋１２ｓｔ＝２Ｔ，属３Ｂ核型，染色体相对长度组成为２ｎ＝２４＝６Ｌ＋６Ｍ２＋６Ｍ１＋６Ｓ．琅琊黄精（Ｐ．ｌａｎｇｙａｅｎｓｅ）核型公式为２ｎ＝１８＝１０ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋６ｓｔ，属２Ｂ核型；染色体相对长度组     

从生态学角度思考山地城市绿地系统

从生态学的观点出发,分析了山地城市绿地系统的生态学特征,认为城市的结构实质上是多种生态斑的互相嵌合,并用斑块的内部/边缘指数表示绿地的生态效益的大小或类型.指出山地城市绿地系统独特的形态构成特征无论是对丰富城市景观,还是创造良好的城市生态环境,促进城市生态系统的稳定及良性循环,为广大城市居民提供一个舒适宜人的生活、居住、工作环境,都具有不可忽视的生态学意义.提出了关于山地城市绿地系统的几点思考及解决措施.     

中药路路通化学成分的研究（Ⅰ）——一种新的五环三萜的结构测定

从生药路路通分离得到２个齐墩果烷骨架的五环三萜类化合物．通过１３ＣＮＭＲ，ＤＥＰＴ，１ＨＮＭＲ，２Ｄ１Ｈ－１３ＣＣＯＳＹ，２Ｄ１Ｈ－１ＨＣＯＳＹ，ＩＲ，ＭＳ和元素分析阐明了它们的结构．（１）为２α，３β－二羟基－２３－去甲－齐墩果－４（２４），１２（１３）－二烯－２８－羧酸，（２）为２α，３β，２３－三羟基齐墩果－１２（１３）－烯－２８－羧酸，（１）未见文献报道，（２）是首次从这一植物中分离得到     

荧光淬灭法研究黑豆凝集素Ⅰ微环境与构象的关系

用KI、CsCl和丙烯酰胺对黑豆（Glycine max var.）凝集素Ⅰ(GMLⅠ)进行内源荧光淬灭研究.天然黑豆凝集素Ⅰ在280 nm波长激发下显示λmax为339 nm的内源荧光发射光谱,表明凝集素荧光生色基团位于相对疏水的环境中;3种淬灭剂对GMLⅠ的荧光淬灭属于动态淬灭机制.GMLⅠ分子的生色基团Trp残基对中性淬灭剂丙烯酰胺的可接近程度为100%,而对阴离子淬灭剂KI的可接近程度为81.6%,对阳离子淬灭剂CsCl的可接近程度为52.8%,表明GMLⅠ中大部分Trp残基位于分子表面或近表面,只有小部分包埋于分子内部的疏水性环境中,并且Trp残基周围所处微环境带正电荷的比例比带负电荷的比例高.     

《神州日报》与中国西藏

随着西方传教士在中国的传教，近代报纸也应运而生。与此同时清王朝在西方的坚船利炮面前不堪一击。政府的腐败必然导致强敌对主权的践踏或领土的侵占。在清王朝的衰败过程中，西藏也成了英、俄等国家觊觎的对象。晚清众多的报刊对与西藏有关的问题进行了多角度的报道，而这些报刊中《神州日报》及时报道关于西藏的重大政治事件、全面介绍政府的筹藏方略及其民间对西藏问题的关注、转译外国报纸对西藏问题的介绍。梳理研究这些报刊资料可以帮助我们了解当时的舆论导向、批驳现实中分裂西藏的错误舆论及其行为。     

Depositional history of the early part of the Jurassic succession on the Rajasthan Shelf, western India

Part of the lowermost deposits of the Triassic to Earlymid Jurassic (up to Bajocian) sedimentary succession spread across the Rajasthan shelf on the western part of the Indian craton is found in the Jaisalmer Basin east of Jaisalmer with the best exposed sections along the Jodhpur-Jaisalmer Highway. Based on lithostratigraphic characteristics, the succession is divided into four: Odania and Thaiat members, Lathi Formation; and Hamira and Joyan members, Jaisalmer Formation. Six facies are defined from microfacies, sedimentary structures, biotic components and depositional environments: (1) ferruginous, pebbly, cross-bedded sandstone—high-energy, fluvial; (2) cross-bedded, poorly sorted, fossil wood-bearing sandstone—highenergy, terrestrial, with high influx of sediment and warm and humid climate; (3) cross-bedded to rarely bioturbated, alternating silt to fine-grained sandstone—fluctuating sedimentation rates and energy—nearshore, mesohaline embayment to lagoonal; (4) partly bioturbated, storm-dominated, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate facies—fully marine; (5) low angle cross-laminated, silt to fine-grained sandstone—nearshore shallow water, above fair weather wave base; and (6) thick rudstones with mega-ripples and reworked coral heads-storm deposits representing the peak of first major marine transgression across the basin.     

Biomineralization process occurring in iron mud of coastal seepage area of Zhoushan Island, Zhejiang province

The biomineralization process of iron oxidizing bacteria and its influence on accumulation of metals were investigated by modern biological observation techniques （i.e., SEM and TEM） and geochemical methods, in coastal area of Zhoushan Island, Zhejiang province where a thick ancient wood layers were buried, Results show that the iron mud samples mainly contain Leptothrix-like sheaths and Gallionella-like stalks, which are known as neutrophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria. These two bacteria are present as obviously different abundance in two sampling sites, which may be regulated by the geochemistry of seepage water. The biomineralization product of iron oxidizing bacteria is ferrihydrite, a poorly ordered iron oxide, and formation of amorphous mineral is affected by the factors of bacteria, minor Si and temperature preventing any further transformation into more crystalline phases. Organic functional groups, extracellular polymers and surface charges can provide favorable nucleation sites or template for formation of iron precipitates on the bacterial surface. The mineralization process of the iron oxidizing bacteria is divided into different stages, i.e., extracellular mineralization, intracellular mineralization and the whole cell mineralization. Furthermore, due to BIOS containing the bacterial organic matter, the accumulation capacity of metals specially Fe and Co is highly increased, suggesting that BIOS exert a degree of controlling in the cycling of metal elements in seepage area.