囚徒困境中基于非均匀连接的促合作控制设计

本文研究"囚徒困境"中促进合作演化的机制,设计"合作识别"和"背叛识别"两种控制形式,并分析合作在相应控制之下的演化路径问题.在合作识别控制设计中,通过将博弈群体分为合作者子群体和合作者与背叛者共存子群体,形成连接率依赖于个体策略的"非均匀连接",以保护合作的方式抑制背叛,促进合作演化;在背叛识别控制设计中,以惩罚背叛的方式鼓励合作.文章指出,合作识别控制设计能在合作率较低时促进合作,但不能使合作成为演化稳定策略(ESS);背叛识别控制设计能在合作率较高时使合作成为ESS,但是背叛总是该控制下的ESS.结合"合作识别"控制与"背叛识别"控制,本文设计一种切换控制,使得合作是"囚徒困境"博弈的唯一ESS.仿真给出不同要求下的控制律设计,分析不同切换选择对合作演化路径的影响.     

Fairness of extra-gain guilty in performance of supply chain and contract design

Considering a one-supplier and two-retailer supply chain setting in which the supplier makes contacts with retailers in sequence based on FCFS(first–come–first-service) principle, the authors investigate the marginal effect of extra-gain guilty fairness concerns of supply chain members on the contract design, supply chain's profit and profit distribution. When the supplier considers distributional fairness of loss aversion and extra-gain guilty, extra-gain guilty concern reduces the optimal wholesale and retail price, and improves supply chain performance. When the first or the second retailer considers distributional fairness and peer-induced fairness, extra-gain guilty concerns decrease the optimal wholesale and retail price but increase the profit of all supply chain members only when the level of loss aversion is large enough and the level of extra-gain guilty is less than 1/2. However, when the level of loss aversion is small and the level of extra-gain guilty is less than 1/2, extra-gain guilty has no influence on supply chain performance. The analysis reveals that the supply chain performance can be further improved by considering fairness of extra-gain guilty.     

Optimal bundling and pricing decisions for complementary products in a two-layer supply chain

This article explores bundling and pricing decisions for two complementary products in a two-layer supply chain consisting of a multi-product manufacturer and a retailer. We establish four different pricing models under cases of decentralized decision, while considering different portfolio-bundling strategies of the manufacturer and the retailer. A game-theoretical method is used to characterize the corresponding equilibrium outcomes in each scenario. By further analyzing and comparing the maximum profits of all four possible scenarios, optimal bundling and pricing decisions for the manufacturer and the retailer are obtained, respectively. Model extensions and numerical examples are enriched to highlight the factors affecting optimal decision-making. Finally, valuable and interesting managerial insights are summarized. Results show that the upstream manufacturer always profits more when he sells complementary products separately. However, the optimal bundling decision of the downstream retailer is jointly determined by product complementarity (as a major factor) and the difference of product profitability (as a secondary factor). Market power cannot exert an influence on both optimal bundling decisions, but it can partly affect pricing decisions.     

基于新息序列修正的输入估计算法

针对传统输入估计算法跟踪机动目标时检测概率和估计精度不高的缺点,提出一种改进的输入估计跟踪算法。算法利用对检测窗内新息序列进行修正以及对卡尔曼滤波状态变量进行补偿的方法,消除了已有机动检测估计对后继机动输入估计的影响,提高了对机动的检测概率和估计精度。理论分析和仿真结果表明,改进后的算法相比原有算法和IMM3算法,不仅跟踪性能有显著提高,而且对加速度缓变的机动也有较好的跟踪能力。     

性能优化的认知无线电网络安全路由选择算法

针对认知无线电网络可用频谱动态变化的特点和认知节点存在有意或无意丢包干扰问题,将跳数最少、鲁棒性强和路由安全等级高作为路由选择标准,提出了一种路由选择算法。跳数最少可简化数据传输过程;鲁棒性强可保证在可用频谱动态变化时,数据稳定传输,提高网络吞吐率;路由安全等级高可以减少由于转发节点存在的有意或无意干扰而引起的数据包丢失。给出了算法的具体实现步骤,理论分析和仿真实验表明该算法是高效和可行的。     

我国企业自主创新策略选择:一个理论分析

采用博弈论方法分析了现阶段我国企业原始创新、集成创新和引进消化吸收再创新的选择策略,揭示企业在3种自主创新策略中选择的理论条件,解释了目前我国企业自主创新策略选择的现实格局.     

Uniform optimal-order estimates for finite element methods for advection-diffusion equations

This article summarizes our recent work on uniform error estimates for various finite element methods for time-dependent advection-diffusion equations.     

基于结构分量中目标区域保护的SAR图像压缩

针对无人机载SAR图像高倍率压缩问题,提出了一种基于结构分量中敏感目标区域自动提取与保护的SAR图像压缩策略。首先将SAR图像分解为代表大尺度平滑特征的结构分量和代表小尺度细节纹理特征的纹理分量,然后在结构分量中进行潜在目标区域的检测,生成敏感目标区域掩码,最后对潜在目标区进行保护性的低损压缩,对背景区域进行高损压缩。实验表明,采用本方法的重建图像比标准的JPEG2000算法的重建图像在相同码率条件下具有更好的视觉效果。     

多分量二维线性调频信号瞬时频率变化率估计

针对多分量二维线性调频信号的瞬时频率变化率估计问题,提出了一种新方法.定义了二维线性调频信号的二维三次相位函数CPF.通过分析可知,应用二维CPF方法处理多分量二维线性调频信号时,会由于交叉干扰项的存在而产生伪峰,接着借助于二维CPF构造了二维三次相位函数乘积项PCPF.应用该方法可以在较低信噪比下,准确地估计出多分量二维线性调频信号的瞬时频率变化率.仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性.     

Design and implementation of 1 GHz high speed data acquisition system

With the development of current electronic technology, numerous high-speed data acquisition systems provide a variety of potential benefits. This article describes a high-speed data acquisition system which consists of ECL logic and TTL logic devices, samples and stores data with a 1 GHz clock. This system is accomplished easily and works stably. A performance test of this system has been undertaken and the results show that the effective number of bits (ENOB) is more than 6.5 bits.