Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by the differences between the DNA sequences of ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘93-11’

The pedigrees of three sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to show that a majority of the genetic composition of 'Nipponbare' originates from japonica cultivars while the minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, '93-11' is derived mainly from indica cultivars with a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of 'Guang lu ai 4' appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers (46 InDels and 53 SSRs) polymorphic between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Cheng's index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups without overlapping when clustered by Cheng's index, InDels and SSRs. Much higher InDel and SSR diversity between groups than within groups implies that the marker polymorphisms between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more than 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to have the same PCR banding patterns as '93-11' and 'Nipponbare', respectively. Some polymorphic loci between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' cannot be validated in other indica and japonica cultivars, either as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between the two groups. It was concluded that molecular markers developed from sequence polymorphism between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' often represent inter-subspecific diversity, although some exceptions were sensitive to either particular marker loci or particular cultivars.     

Ni46Mn35Ga19单晶中磁转变和马氏体相变的物理表征及形状记忆效应

NiMnGa是最早发现的铁磁形状记忆合金,是一种新型的形状记忆材料。自发现以来,许多学者对其进行了深入的研究,但对磁转交和马氏体转变共同发生的转变特性却缺乏系统的表征。本文采用多种测量手段,如相变潜热、电阻、交流磁化率和应变测量,对提拉法生长的Ni46Mn35Ga19单晶的磁转变和马氏体相变同时发生的转变行为进行了系统表征;根据合金形状记忆的特点和马氏体变体择优取向的机理,对实验结果进行了分析和讨论。应变测量结果表明,伴随该转变行为,材料展现出应变量达-0．89％的自发双向形状记忆效应和应变量高达-1．90％的磁控形状记忆效应。     

地方高校高分子专业人才培养模式探究——以广西师范学院高分子材料与工程专业为例

针对地方性院校高分子材料与工程专业在人才培养方面的不足,拟通过培养目标改革、课程设置改革、教学方法改革、教学实践环节改革和加强教师队伍培训的方法,从而使地方高校高分子材料与工程专业形成专业定位明确、特色显著的人才培养模式。     

高等级公路边坡护坡植被适应性评价体系的研究

以涿廊高速公路为例,利用1999～2010年的年均降水量、年均气温、日照时间、年积温数据和杨树、柳树、紫穗槐、爬山虎、紫花苜蓿的生长条件,基于主成分分析和层次分析法建立高等级公路边坡植被适应性评价模型。结果表明：在一定区域范围内,利用主成份和层次分析法,构建的高等级公路边坡护坡植被适应性评价模型是可行的,并为植被适应性评价探索了一条新方法和途径。     

Variable diffusion boundary layer and diffusion flux at sediment-water interface in response to dynamic forcing over an intertidal mudflat

The diffusion boundary layer (DBL) significantly limits the exchange between sediment and overlying water and therefore becomes a bottleneck of diffusive vertical flux at the sediment-water interface (SWI). Variable DBL thickness and diffusion flux in response to dynamic forcing may influence replenishment of nutrients and secondary pollution in coastal waters. In situ measurements of velocity in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) and oxygen concentration in the DBL were made over an intertidal mudflat, using an acoustic Doppler current and mini profiler. A linear distributed zone in the oxygen profile, the profile slope discontinuity and variance of concentration can be used to derive accurate DBL thickness. Diffusion fluxes calculated from the water column and sediment are identical, and their bias is less than 6%. A numerical model PROFILE is used to simulate the in situ dissolved oxygen profile, and layered dissolved oxygen consumption rates in the sediment are calculated. The DBL thickness (0.10-0.35 mm) and diffusion flux (15.4-53.6 mmol m 2 d 1) vary with a factor of 3.5 during a tidal period. Over an intertidal mudflat, DBL thickness is controlled by flow speed U in the BBL, according to δDBL=1686.1DU 1+0.1 (D is the molecular diffusion coefficient). That is, the DBL thickness δDBL increases with decreasing flow speed U. Changes of diffusion flux at the SWI are caused by variations in the water above the sediment and the turbulent mixing intensity. The diffusion flux is positively related to the turbulent dissipation rate, friction velocity and turbulent energy. Under the influence of dynamics in the BBL, DBL thickness and flux vary significantly.     

醋酸调质钙基吸收剂的循环碳酸化特性

提出了采用醋酸溶液调质石灰石和白云石的方法来提高它们在循环煅烧-碳酸化过反应过程中吸收CO2的能力.在不同反应条件下分别研究了石灰石和白云石的醋酸化产物醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁在循环煅烧-碳酸化过程中的碳酸化转化率.结果表明:碳酸化温度在600～700℃时,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁的转化率分别明显高于石灰石和白云石,经过15次循环和20次循环后其碳酸化转化率分别可达0.54和0.6.当煅烧温度从920℃增加到1 050℃时,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁转化率和抗烧结性能明显优于石灰石和白云石.随着碳酸化气氛中CO2浓度的增加,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁转化率的增量小于石灰石和白云石.存在最佳的粒径范围使醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁的碳酸化能力最大.虽然醋酸钙镁的碳酸化转化率高于醋酸钙,但单位质量煅烧后的醋酸钙的CO2吸收量大于醋酸钙镁.     

基于混合校正内点法的最优潮流

提出了一种混合校正的内点法.该方法有效结合了预测校正和中心校正方式,在预测校正过程中通过动态选择校正方向在总的牛顿方向中的比例来优化搜索方向,以改善中心校正的效果,进而加快了整个算法的收敛速度.通过IEEE 57、IEEE 118、IEEE 300和3个实际系统的仿真计算表明,与多中心 校正内点法相比,此算法能以更少的迭代次数和计算时间快速收敛.此外,计算结果还表明,该算法比传统的预测 校正内点法及其衍生的内点法更具有鲁棒性.     

Study on Technologies of Hydrogen Production and Hydrogen Power System Based on Renewable Energy

Integrating the hydrogen production technologies from renewable energy with the advanced distributed hydrogen power systems has being become an important development trend of energy science and technology in the twenty-first century, since it may satisfactorily solve such problems met in the utilization of renewable energy as low density, instability, discontinuity and changing with time, season and climate. In this paper, the status and prospect of studies on hydrogen production theories and technologies from renewable energy especially the photocatalytic water splitting and the thermochemical catalytic gasification of biomass in supercritical water are commented on, and some new suggestions to build up novel hydrogen energy power system based on renewable energy are put forward.     

基于超标量处理器的高效FFT映射方法

针对超标量处理器的结构特点,研究新的映射方法,实现高效FFT运算.对现代超标量结构处理器进行建模,分析FFT算法在其上执行情况,得出内存访问是FFT算法执行的关键点.并进一步对FFT的内访问过程进行建模分析,最终实现了一种基于cache优化的高效FFT映射方法,该方法将FFT进行拆分实现,充分发挥了cache的作用,进而提高了处理性能.最后在ADI公司的TS201数字信号处理器上,以该映射方法为指导实现了基2FFT算法,实验结果显示在处理点数超出cache容量时,本映射方法可以大幅度提高处理性能.      

路基土回弹模量湿度调整系数预估研究

选取了几种代表性的路基土样,采用UTM(万能材料试验机)动力三轴试验系统,测试不同湿度下的回弹模量,分析湿度对路基土回弹模量的影响规律,利用测试结果,对Witczak回弹模量湿度调整系数模型中的参数进行校正,建立适用于我国粗细粒土组的湿度调整系数预估模型.结果表明,路基土湿度在最佳含水率饱和度±20%区间内,模量调整系数与饱和度差值近似呈线性关系,而当湿度低于最佳含水率饱和度20%以上时,模量调整系数受饱和度变化的影响很小.针对不同类型土组,应用建立的模型,推荐了回弹模量的湿度调整系数,可结合室内回弹模量测试,反算路基在实际湿度状况下的回弹模量值.