复合材料风机叶轮内流场数值模拟

应用粘性流体力学的基本原理,采用专业流体力学软件对复合材料风机叶轮内气流流动进行数值模拟,发现叶轮内气流流动状况不理想,据此对叶轮的叶片进行改进设计,得到了改进叶片设计后叶轮内的流场,改进了复合材料风机叶轮的结构,改善了叶轮内部气流的流动状况,提高了叶轮的气动性能,为研制出高性能的新型复合材料风机叶轮奠定了基础。     

Pattern formation in Rayleigh-Bénard convection: Numerical simulation with a coupled-map-lattice model

The various patterns formed in Rayleigh-Bénard convection under different conditions are numerically simulated with a coupled-map-lattice model. In the case of a lower aspect ratio (L/d=5), the simulations vividly depicted the main features of the transition process from a laminar state to a soft turbulence and then to a hard turbulence. In this case, the cellular structure in a horizontal section is also reproduced. In the case of a larger aspect ratio (L/d=30), the simulations successfully reproduced the spiral-defect chaos and target chaos in the initial stage of the pattern evolution which were recently found in experiments. In this case, for a fluid ofPr=1, it is verified in simulations that both the ideal straight rolls and spiral-defect chaos are stable attractors in the same parameter regime, and that the initial condition is a decisive factor for which one of the two is formed. In the same case, for a fluid ofPr=4, the target patterns are dominant instead of the spirals, the sizes and distributions of the target are also notably dependent on the initial condition.     

我国三资企业R&D活动影响因素分析

本文采用实证分析方法来考察我国三资企业的R&D活动与国内市场环境之间的内在关联。我们通过选择人均GDP水平,国内企业的R&D经费支出,国有企业在国内市场上的销售份额和出口贸易占GDP的比重等一些主要的宏观经济指标,在统计上对三资企业的R&D经费支出变动做出了很好的解释。从保持国民经济长期稳定发展的角度来考虑,我国应当进一步改善国内市场环境着手,以有效地鼓励三资企业在国内更多地开展R&D活动。     

企业技术创新的系统分析

分析企业技术创新系统的内部结构和输入、输出，探讨加强企业技术创新的措施.     

Lightning activity on the central Tibetan Plateau and its response to convective available potential energy

Lightning flash activities on the central Tibetan Plateau have been studied by using the satellite-based Lightning Imaging Sensor(LIS)database from January 1998 to July 2002.The lightning activity shows a clear diurnal variation on the central Plateau.The peak lightning activity appears at about 17:00 which is 3 h earlier than that in Jingxhou,Hubei in the same latitude belt nearby,indicating that the lightning activity is a sensitive indicator of solar heating on the Plateau.The lightning discharge is weaker on the Plateau than Jingzhou.Hubei and other low-altitude continental regions because of the lower convective available potential energy(CAPE)on the Plateau.The CAPE on the Plateau is 12 times lower than that in Jingzhou,Hubei,and 20 times lower than that in the sea-level region,such as Guangzhou and Florida.However,the sensitivity of lightning activity to CAPE changes on the Plateau is up to 30 times more sensitive than other prominent low-altitude regions.     

A new Euprox from the Late Miocene of Yuanmou,Yunnan Province,China,with interpretation of its paleoenvironment

The Yuanmou Basin of Yunnan Province is a hotspot for the research of early homind evolution and its environmental background.During the implementation of the Program“Research of the Origin and Evolution of Early Man and Its Environmental Baqckground” from 1998 to 2001,a huge quantity of hominoid and mammal fossils were collected.The present report systematically describes an Euprox robustus sp.nov.identified during the recent laboratory work on the collected material.Euprox is a group of earliest cervids with true antlers.The new species is the third one of the genus discovered in China.Judged by its morphologic characteristics,the new species feed on juicy and tender leaves of dicotyledon.It implies that the vegetation of its epoch in the Yuanmou Basin is a kind of southern subtropical evergreen forest and the climate is humid and temperate with evident seasonality.The latter is mostly influenced by the monsoon and secondly by the latitude.     

Inorganic chemical composition and source signature of PM2.5 in Beijing during ACE-Asia period

Aerosol samples for PM2.5 were collected in Beijing for 38 consecutive days from March to April 2001 using an IMPROVE Sampler. Concentrations of 20 elements in PM2.5 were determined using a PIXE method. Results show that the average mineral dust concentration of PM2.5 was 14.6 Ilg/m3 during the observation period. On the sand-dust event days of March 21 and April 10, dust PM2.5 mass concentrations were 62.4 and 54.1 μg/m^3, respectively.These demonstrate that fine particle pollution by dust event in Beijing was very severe. The enrichment factors of S and Cu reached minimums on the dusty days and were high on the non-dusty days. It is considered that enrichment factors of elements in PM2.5, which are associated with human activities, can probably provide an effective method to distinguish local sources from external sources of dust. Factor analysis on the chemical composition in PM2.5 shows that sources of crustal matters, anthropogenic emission, and oil combustion contributed to PM2.5 levels in air in the springtime of 2001 in Beijing.     

Progress in the study of tectophysicochemistry

Tectophysicochemistry is a research area that deals with the interrelations between physical and chemical changes of crustal materials caused by tectonism. A given tectonic force may be resolved into two parts: homogeneous stress and differential stress. Homogeneous stress refers to isotopic pressure, which is superimposed on the original pressure and affects the equilibrium of various chemical reactions. It is also a factor that influences petrogenesis,metallogenesis and metamorphism. Differential stress is commonly produced when external forces act on a given solid body. It may cause deformation of crustal materials and generate various kinds of structural features. Tectophysicochemistry pays special attention to pressure, temperature and other physicochemical conditions produced or induced by tectonism and studies the influences of additional tectonic parameters on various chemical equilibria, so it gradually develops into an independent area of science.     

Automatic evolutionary modeling by the Lattice-Boltzmann method

The Lattice-Boltzmann method is an effective tool for solving fluid mechanics problems, but there isn’t still a good scheme to determinate some parameters in Boltzmann equations. In this paper, a technique using evolutionary algorithm to automatically model Boltzmann equations is introduced. Numerical simulation shows that the designed scheme is fast and efficient. Biography: Chen Ju-hua ( 1963-), male, Associate professor, research direction: Lattice-Boltzmann method, evolutionary algorithm.     

Stress corrosion cracking and its anisotropy of a PZT ferroelectric ceramics

It is known that some types of ceramics, like Al2O3 and ZrO2, undergo stress corrosion cracking (SCC) or static fatigue fracture under static loading, ever in a rela-tively mild environment, such as moist atmosphere or water at room temperature, which leads to a time-dependent fracture[1—4]. For a transmission electron microscopy specimen of YBa2Cu3O7-x ceramics superconductor, SCC induced by residual stress can occur in an atmosphere with low moisture content[5]. For a lead zirconate ti…