Effect of melting temperature on microstructural evolutions,behavior and corrosion morphology of Hadfield austenitic manganese steel in the casting process

In this study, the effect of melting temperature on the microstructural evolutions, behavior, and corrosion morphology of Hadfield steel in the casting process is investigated. The mold was prepared by the sodium silicate/CO₂ method, using a blind riser, and then the desired molten steel was obtained using a coreless induction furnace. The casting was performed at melting temperatures of 1350, 1400, 1450, and 1500℃, and the cast blocks were immediately quenched in water. Optical microscopy was used to analyze the microstructure, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractrometry (XRD) were used to analyze the corrosion morphology and phase formation in the microstructure, respectively. The corrosion behavior of the samples was analyzed using a potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5wt% NaCl. The optical microscopy observations and XRD patterns show that the increase in melting temperature led to a decrease of carbides and an increase in the austenite grain size in the Hadfield steel microstructure. The corrosion tests results show that with increasing melting temperature in the casting process, Hadfield steel shows a higher corrosion resistance. The SEM images of the corrosion morphologies show that the reduction of melting temperature in the Hadfield steel casting process induced micro-galvanic corrosion conditions.     

EMRC和EMRL治疗上消化道早期癌及癌前病变

目的:探讨EMRC和EMRL两种EMR技术在上消化道早期癌及癌前病变中的临床应用价值。方法:18例病人(其中食管病变5例、胃内病变13例。超声内镜及病理检查早期胃癌1例、食管平滑肌瘤1例、增生性息肉7例、扁平腺瘤6例、不典型增生3例)。7例用EMRC、11例用EMRL技术进行了内镜下粘膜切除术。结果EMRC技术对食管平滑肌瘤、增生性息肉、扁平腺瘤、不典型增生的完全切除率分别为100%、100%、85.71%、85.71%,平均92.86%。而EMRL对胃早期胃癌,增生性息肉,扁平腺瘤,不典型增生的完全切除率分别为100%、100%、90.91%、90.91%,平均95.46%。结论EMRC和EMRL对上消化道早期癌、癌前期病变、黏膜下肿瘤及宽基息肉等均有较高的完全切除率。作为一项微创内镜技术,可替代部分胃肠道早期癌肿的外科手术治疗,降低治疗费用,且创伤性小,并发症少,疗效可靠,具有广阔的临床应用前景。     

川东北地区须三段钙屑砂岩储层特征及控制因素

近两年川东北地区西北部多口井须家河组三段钙屑砂岩测试段获工业气流,表明了研究区储层的含气性及局
部具备油气富集高产的地质条件。通过储层岩性类型、储集空间、物性、电性等特征进行综合分析,得出结论为：主要
储层岩性类型为钙屑砂岩,常伴有微裂缝;储集空间类型多样,主要为残余原生粒间孔、次生溶蚀孔和裂缝;储层表现
为低孔、低渗特征;储层电阻率高,主要原因是碳酸盐岩含量高;储层测井响应为“三低、一高、一降低”,即伽马低值、
声波低值,中子低值,电阻率高值,在高阻的背景下深浅电阻率有所降低。研究区优质钙屑砂岩储层受储集层发育的
有利沉积微相、溶蚀作用、构造裂缝以及一定的储层厚度等综合因素控制。辫状河道、水下分流河道沉积为储层最有
利的沉积相带;在成岩过程发生的溶蚀作用和多期次的断裂影响下形成的构造裂缝都极大地改善了储层的渗透性;一
定厚度的储层改善了裂缝的连通系统。     

Variable diffusion boundary layer and diffusion flux at sediment-water interface in response to dynamic forcing over an intertidal mudflat

The diffusion boundary layer (DBL) significantly limits the exchange between sediment and overlying water and therefore becomes a bottleneck of diffusive vertical flux at the sediment-water interface (SWI). Variable DBL thickness and diffusion flux in response to dynamic forcing may influence replenishment of nutrients and secondary pollution in coastal waters. In situ measurements of velocity in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) and oxygen concentration in the DBL were made over an intertidal mudflat, using an acoustic Doppler current and mini profiler. A linear distributed zone in the oxygen profile, the profile slope discontinuity and variance of concentration can be used to derive accurate DBL thickness. Diffusion fluxes calculated from the water column and sediment are identical, and their bias is less than 6%. A numerical model PROFILE is used to simulate the in situ dissolved oxygen profile, and layered dissolved oxygen consumption rates in the sediment are calculated. The DBL thickness (0.10-0.35 mm) and diffusion flux (15.4-53.6 mmol m 2 d 1) vary with a factor of 3.5 during a tidal period. Over an intertidal mudflat, DBL thickness is controlled by flow speed U in the BBL, according to δDBL=1686.1DU 1+0.1 (D is the molecular diffusion coefficient). That is, the DBL thickness δDBL increases with decreasing flow speed U. Changes of diffusion flux at the SWI are caused by variations in the water above the sediment and the turbulent mixing intensity. The diffusion flux is positively related to the turbulent dissipation rate, friction velocity and turbulent energy. Under the influence of dynamics in the BBL, DBL thickness and flux vary significantly.     

特大型高铁车站候车厅建筑声环境分析

我国新建的高铁车站候车厅体积巨大,对该类超大体积空间的声场特性缺乏深入研究.文中以一候车厅为例,采用现场测量和声场计算机仿真技术,对该候车厅的室内声场参数进行深入分析和讨论.结果表明:该空间混响时间较长,呈现中频较长(达9.21 s)、低频和高频比中频短的频率特性;在该空间中,语言传输指数与早期衰变时间(500和1 000 Hz倍频带)高度相关,而与混响时间(500和1 000 Hz倍频带)的相关性不大;增加建筑界面的吸声量,声场参数得到显著改善;A声级与声源和接收点距离的对数值高度相关,混响时间(500和1 1000Hz倍频带)与声源和接收点的距离无关.在一定距离范围内,声场参数早期衰变时间(500和1 000Hz倍频带)、清晰度(500和1 000Hz倍频带)、语言传输指数与声源和接收点的距离高度相关.候车空间的分布式扬声器系统与旅客的距离需仔细设计,以满足语言清晰度的要求.     

用于多指数拟合的一种混沌免疫粒子群优化

为了更好地逼近真实物理场景,对传统的多指数模型作了一些改进,将权因子设置为噪声方差平方的倒数,提出一种基于循环矩阵(CM)的算法用于估计衰减项数.为了求解上述改进模型,提出一种混沌免疫粒子群优化(CIPSO)算法.该算法将人工免疫系统中的克隆、交叉、变异和接收器修正算法嵌入粒子群算法中,并采用混沌算子实现变异,然后将惯性因子改为自适应变化.实验表明:提出的权因子设置更符合实际;用于估计项数的CM算法在估计精度与运行时间上均优于传统的ILS算法;CIPSO算法在收敛精度与运行时间上也优于传统的优化算法,如可信域法、LM法、高斯-牛顿法、差分进化算法和粒子群算法等.     

普宁明华体育馆的声学设计

本文对普宁明华体育馆的建声和电声进行了统一设计．其中的一些设计思想对其他中型多功能体育馆也有参考价值．     

含咔唑偶合组分单偶氮分散染料应用性能研究

咔唑杂环化合物为偶合组分的新型单偶氮分散染料曾被国内某企业替代分散黄RGFL作过批量拚色；其耐碱、耐还原性较强、色光稳定。本文对2-氯-4-硝基和2，5-二氯苯胺重氮盐与咔唑N-乙基咔唑偶合成的4只染料的常规高温高压和热熔法染色性能、牢度作了研究：它们的吸附等温线类似朗格缪尔型；高温高压法的提升力为20～40g／L；190℃升华牢度为3～4级；3％染色深度棉沾色3～5级、2％时皂洗原样变化3～4级、白布沾色3～5级，干、湿摩擦牢度4～5级；极限温升131～148℃；热熔法染色最佳温度为200～210℃；固色率74～94％，提升力为20～40g／L；3％染色深度棉沾色2～3级；干、湿摩牢度为4～5级。高温高压法染色吸尽率、存在的两法差异及部分牢度尚待改进。     

一个机械手臂系统的键图模型及其仿真

键图模型是描述动态系统的一种新的图示模型。该文采用这个方法建立了一个简单机械手臂系统的模型。方法简单,仿真结果表明该方法在非线性系统建模中应用的可行性及可推广性。     

基于SCI论文的海峡两岸基础研究领域合作状况研究

SCI数据库是国际公认的重要检索系统之一,本文利用汤森路透（ThomsonReu—ters）公司Web of Science中的Science Cita—tion Index Expanded数据库对中国大陆和中国台湾合作的Sa论文进行了全面检索,得到中国大陆SCL论文数量为1413084篇,中国台湾SCI论文数量为332021篇,双方合作SCL论文数量为10480篇。并从论文出版年份分析、5凹类别分析、国家（地区）分析、基金资助机构分析、依托的机构分析、发表期刊的分析等6个方面进行了详细分析,为大家提供了一个关于两岸合作SCL论文的全面分析报告,以期为进一步加强海峡两岸的科学研究方面的合作提供一些有益的线索。