甲醇中29种VOCs混合标准样品短期稳定性研究

为考察运输过程中环境温度的变化对挥发性有机物（VOCs）混合标准样品量值产生的影响,模拟极端运输条件(-40 ℃、4 ℃、室温、55 ℃),采用经典和同步两种稳定性研究方案考察甲醇中29种VOCs混合标准样品的短期稳定性。结果表明：同步稳定性研究方案因一次校准进行所有测量降低了不确定度,更适合对多组分挥发性有机物进行稳定性评价;在-40 ℃下所研究标准样品所有组分量值稳定, 4 ℃与室温冷藏保存两周期间,标准样品量值稳定,而在55 ℃保存条件下,组分环氧氯丙烷的浓度有明显下降趋势;由于环氧氯丙烷的浓度受温度影响较大,甲醇中29种VOCs混合标准样品在运输过程中需采用低温条件,若长期保存,应尽快转移至冷冻环境中防止环氧氯丙烷分解。     

北京地区表土磁性特征及其环境意义

发展便捷快速的污染检测技术是当今环境研究的需要. 能够有效地区分环境背景值与人为造成的污染是新的检测技术所必需的. 近年来, 磁学技术因其测量快速、简便的特点, 正在逐步应用于城市环境污染监测中. 城市或郊区的表土中磁性矿物来源复杂, 能否通过磁学测量识别自然和人类活动的来源是土壤磁监测技术成为环境污染监测有效手段的关键所在. 通过对北京城郊各区县地表0~10 cm的表土层环境磁学性质的测量, 初步获得了北京地区大尺度的表土磁性分布特征, 对各区县表土的磁学性质与土壤母质、人类活动、地形地貌的相互关系进行了探讨. 实验结果表明, 在北京西北部和西南部的山地地区, 表土的磁学性质主要受自然环境(地形地貌和母岩)的控制, 磁性较强, 大部分表土的磁化率(χ_lf)大于4×10–6 m3/kg, 为较粗颗粒的单畴(SD)或多畴(MD)亚铁磁性矿物; 在北京中部和东部的山间谷地以及平原地区, 表土的磁性较弱; 而在一些工厂和交通要道附近, 受到人类活动的影响, χ_ARM/SIRM和χ_ARM/χ_lf值明显增高, 为较细颗粒的单畴-假单畴(SD-PSD)亚铁磁性矿物. 在应用环境磁学参数对表土污染进行检测时, 尤其是区分强磁性的土壤母质发育的表土和严重污染的表土时, χ_ARM/SIRM和χ_ARM/χ_lf比χ_lf, χ_ARM和SIRM更为敏感.     

Structural origin of sexual dichromatic coloration and luster in the beetle Goliathus cacicus

In the beetle Goliathus cacicus, male elytra show silky luster with iridescence while female ones appear lusterless white without iridescence to our perception. We revealed by structural characterizations and optical measurements that elytral coloration and luster of both male and female beetles stem from the tubular scales on the elytra, whose interior is filled with a random structure. Distinct differences between male and female scales reside in the cortex thickness and the filling fraction of the random structure, which are important factors in the determination of the sexual dichromatic luster and iridescence. In additional to reflection peaks in the visible range, spectral measurements indicate that both male and female elytra display also strong iridescent ultraviolet (UV) reflections. Scattering spectra show that both male and female elytra display UV luster, although it is absent for female ones in the visible range.     

Synthesis, structure, optoelectronic properties of novel zinc Schiff-base complexes

Two novel zinc Schiff-base complexes, bis-(N-(2-hydroxybenzidene)-p-aminodimethylaniline)zinc(II) (2) and bis-(N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthidene)-p-aminodimethylaniline)zinc(II) (4) were designed and synthesized. Both the complexes exhibit good solubility in organic solvents and excellent thermal stabilities. A single crystal of 2 was grown and its crystalline structure was determined from X-ray diffraction data. Analysis of the electronic structures of both the zinc complexes calculated by density functional theory reveals a localization of orbital. The UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence profiles of 4 in thin film are similar to those of 2, but the emission for 4 is red-shifted compared to 2. Three-layered devices with a configuration of ITO/NPB/2/Alq 3 /LiF/Al and ITO/NPB/4/Alq 3 /LiF/Al show a yellow and red emission, respectively.     

喷粉处理改善孕育效果的试验研究

喷粉孕育是将粉粒状孕育剂以氮气为载体喷入铁水的一种新型工艺方法．本文采用自制的喷粉装置进行了喷粉孕育的试验研究．结果表明：喷粉处理可改善孕育效果，改善石墨形态，明显地细化共晶团，有效地消除白口倾向，从而提高铸铁的强度．喷粉孕育成为一种极有效的孕育技术．     

近视灵口服液中决明子的TLC鉴别

近视灵口服液由决明子等12味药材组成。试验确定了其主药决明子的薄层层析鉴别方法，对于含决明于复方中药制剂及相关食品的质量控制具有实用价值。     

Enhancement of transfection efficiency for HeLa cells via incorporating arsinine moiety into chitosan

Arginine-rich peptides have attracted considerable attention due to their distinct internalization mechanism. It was reported that arginine and guanidino moieties were able to translocate through cell membranes and played a critical role in the process of membrane permeation. In this work, arginine was conjugated to the backbone of chitosan to form a novel chitosan derivative, arginine modified chitosan （Arg-CS）. Arg-CS/DNA complexes were prepared according to the method of coacervation process. The physicochemical properties of Arg-CS and Arg-CS/DNA complexes were characterized and the transfection activity and efficiency mediated by Arg-CS/DNA complexes were investigated taking HeLa cells as target cells. Arg-CS was characterized by FTIR and ^13C NMR. Arg-CS/DNA polyelectrolyte complexes were investigated by agarose gel retardation, dynamic light scattering （DLS） and atomic force microscopy （AFM）. The results revealed that the Arg-CS/DNA complexes started to form at N/P ratio of 2：1, and the size of particles varied from 100 to 180 nm. The cytotoxicity of Arg-CS and their complexes with plasmid DNA were determined by MTT assay for HeLa cells, and the results suggested that Arg-CS/DNA complexes were slightly less toxic than Arg-CS. Moreover, the derivative alone and their complexes showed significantly lower toxicity than PEI and PEI/DNA complexes, respectively. Taking HeLa cells as target cells and using pGL3-control as reporter gene, the luciferase expression mediated by Arg-CS was greatly enhanced to about 100 folds compared with the luciferase expression mediated by chitosan at different pH media. These results suggest that Arg-CS is a promising candidate as a safe and efficient vector for gene delivery and transfection.