二氧化碳-水体系动态溶解平衡的探索性研究

通过恒温水浴振荡器使静态溶解平衡的二氧化碳-水体系中的流体产生回旋运动,以此研究流体的流速对二氧化碳-水体系静态溶解平衡的影响,从而归纳出了二氧化碳和水的动态溶解平衡状态。采用示踪法测出振荡器不同振荡频率对应的流体的回旋流动线速度,进而计算流体的雷诺准数以考察流体运动状态。实验结果表明,流体的流动引起二氧化碳-水体系远离原有静态溶解平衡。在常温25.5℃下,原有静态饱和状态下溶解在水中的二氧化碳的量约有6.55%被解吸出来,亨利系数可产生高达15%的偏差。     

一类图构形的Orlik-Solomon代数及Tutte多项式

研究得到了n-秩轮图及其导出图构形的Orlik-Solomon代数的计算公式,n-秩轮图关于某条边的删除B_n以及n-秩轮图的Tutte多项式的一般表达式,并计算了n-秩轮图（n=5,6）的双变量着色多项式,举例说明图的双变量着色多项式与Tutte多项式是不相同的。     

Studies of new EST-SSRs derived from Gossypium barbadense

Existing cotton EST-SSR markers are mostly derived from Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium hir-sutum, but EST-SSR markers from Gossypium barbadense are scarce. One hundred and nineteen EST-SSRs were developed based on 98 unique ESTs from a cDNA library constructed in our laboratory using developing fibers from G. barbadense cv. Pima3-79. Among the SSRs, trinucleotide AAG appeared at a high frequency of 11.76%. 36 accessions (consisting of 13 diploids of the A genome, 11 diploids of the D genome and 12 allotetraploids of the AD genome) were employed to test new EST-SSRs. 76 EST-SSRs were successfully amplified, and 313 polymorphic fragments were yielded, with an average of 4.11 fragments per primer pair. The PIC ranged from 0.17 to 0.95 with an average of 0.53. Based on Jaccard’s genetic similarity coefficient, these 36 accessions were clustered into three groups. 21 EST-SSRs exhibited polymorphisms in BC1 population ((Emian22 × Pima3-79) × Emian22), 24 polymor- phic loci were generated, while 22 of the 24 polymorphic loci were integrated with our interspecific BC1 backbone genetic linkage map, and anchored in 12 chromosomes. This study effectively proved that EST-SSRs from G. barbadense are valuable for genetic diversity analysis and genetic mapping.     

直流电场下O/W体系中油滴的迁移行为及油水分离效果研究

首先利用电化学工作站和生物显微镜研究了直流电场下水包油（O/W）乳化体系中油滴的迁移行为,然后分析了电场强度、油滴粒径等因素对油滴迁移行为的影响规律,结果表明：直流电场下,油滴会发生定向迁移,但迁移过程中不会发生聚并;油滴迁移速率随着电场强度的增大而增大,随着平均粒径的减小而变小。直流电场可破坏油滴表面稳定的电荷结构,导致油滴表面电荷分布不均,从而促使油滴在电场中发生定向迁移,并在阳极表面发生破乳、聚并,实现与水相的分离。最后,对直流电场作用下乳化含油体系的油水分离效果进行了实验验证,结果表明,对初始含油量为89.2 mg/L的模拟乳化废水而言,在一定条件下进行处理后,其出水含油量低于5 mg/L,除油率高达95.3%。