成都粘土工程废浆絮凝-气压法脱水效果分析

本文采用新型物化结合脱水方法,即絮凝-气压法处理成都粘土工程废浆,在加入絮凝剂后对工程废浆使用失水仪进行压滤操作。此方法结合了物理方法和化学方法,提高脱水效率。首先选择三种无机絮凝剂(PAC、PAFC、PFS)和两种有机絮凝剂(PEO、APAM)进行脱水实验,讨论单一絮凝剂对工程废浆脱水效果的影响。而后进行正交实验,得出最佳配方为聚合氯化铝(PAC)2.4g/275mL、50ml质量浓度0.3%的聚氧化乙烯(PEO),对正交实验结果进行极差分析,讨论三种因素对脱水效果的影响程度。最后将复配絮凝剂和单一絮凝剂的脱水效果进行了对比,得出在使用絮凝-气压法进行脱水实验后,单一絮凝剂PEO的脱水效果最好,而复配絮凝剂的脱水效果明显优于单一絮凝剂的结论。     

从顺应论角度分析网络聊天室中的语码转换

语码转换是网络会话中常见的一种语言现象。以维索而伦的语言顺应性理论为基础,结合国内学者提出的语码转换的顺应对象：语言现实、社会规约和心理动机,对网络聊天室中的语码转换现象进行分析,旨在更好地了解语码转换与语言顺应之间的关系。     

冲击荷载下含裂纹缺口三点弯动态断裂实验

为研究缺口大小对含裂纹缺口构件动态断裂的影响,采用动态光弹性实验方法,对含裂纹缺口试件进行了冲击实验.基于冲击断裂过程中试件的等差条纹变化图片和动态应变仪采集的应变数据,分析了冲击荷载下裂纹尖端的动态应力强度因子、裂纹扩展速度和锤头应变的变化规律.结果表明:不同缺口角度试件受到冲击荷载后,应力强度因子的变化随时间变化的...     

不同厚度三点弯曲梁的裂纹扩展动态焦散实验

采用动态焦散线实验方法,对冲击作用下不同厚度的三点弯曲梁进行了研究,分析了厚度对其动态断裂过程的影响.结果表明:不同厚度三点弯曲梁在动态冲击实验中,预制裂纹起裂时间和扩展时间受到试件厚度的影响.厚度越大,起裂越慢,扩展时间越长;试件起裂后,不同厚度下裂尖的扩展速度和动态应力强度因子值随时间的变化曲线均呈现先快速上升后波...     

Ground demonstration system based on in-orbit assembly oriented manipulator flexible force control

To eliminate the load weight limit of carrier rockets and reduce the burden on support struc-tures,in-orbit assembly is a key technology to make design of scattering a large diameter telescope into submirror modules, which requires smooth operation of assembly robots, and flexible force con-trol technology is necessary.A ground demonstration system is presented for in-orbit assembly focu-sing on flexible force control.A six-dimensional force/torque sensor and its data acquisition system are used to compensate for gravity.For translation and rotation, an algorithm for flexible control is proposed.A ground transportation demonstration verifies accuracy and smoothness of flexible force control, and the transportation and assembly task is completed automatically.The proposed system is suitable for the development of in-orbit assembly robots.     

一类伪不变凸极值问题解集的刻画

有研究对可微的无约束伪不变凸极值问题的解集进行了刻画。本文在此基础上,在广义不变凸性假设下,利用广义Clarke梯度和Lagrange乘子研究了一类不可微的带约束的伪不变凸极值问题的一些性质。首先在广义Clarke梯度的基础上,给出了此类带约束的非可微伪不变凸极值问题的一些性质;然后在一定条件下证明了此类问题的可行集和最优解集是不变凸的;最后利用广义Clarke梯度和Lagrange乘子得到了最优解集的一些等价刻画。
     

Mechanical behavior of a near α titanium alloy under dynamic compression: Characterization and modeling

Dynamic compression tests under strain rates from 870 s^?1 to 2100 s^?1 were conducted for a near α Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V titanium alloy with equiaxed microstructure. Compression behavior, adiabatic shearing and band microstructure were investigated via characterization and calculation. The results demonstrate that all dynamic constitutive curves exhibited obvious stress fluctuation phenomenon with double increase-decrease changing stages at the primary stage of compression. The dislocation multiplication theory can be used to explain this phenomenon. After the stress fluctuation period, work hardening coexisted with the thermal softening, resulting in the slow hardening tendency in constitutive curves. J-C model was utilized to quantify the dynamic constitutive curves. The deviations between the predicted and experimental curves under high strain rates may be attributed to the over-consideration of thermal softening effect in J-C model. Adiabatic shearing band (ASB) began to form under the strain rate of 2100 s^?1. A total shearing strain of 8.1 within ASB achieved in 8.9 μs, corresponding to a local strain rate of about 9.1 × 10⁵ s^?1 and is over 430 times of the macro strain rate. Post annealing was conducted on ASB before EBSD characterization. Due to the static recrystallization during annealing, the α phase within ASB generally presented as ultra-fine grains less than 1 μm in diameter.     

Mechanical and corrosion properties of low-carbon steel prepared by friction stir processing

Low-carbon steel plates were successfully subjected to normal friction stir processing(NFSP) in air and submerged friction stir processing(SFSP) under water, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the NFSP and SFSP samples were investigated. Phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization resulted in fine-grained ferrite and martensite in the processed zone. The SFSP samples had smaller ferrites(5.1 μm), finer martensite laths(557 nm), and more uniform distribution of martensite compared to the NFSP samples. Compared to the base material(BM), the microhardness of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 19.8% and 27.1%, respectively because of the combined strengthening effects of grain refinement, phase transformation, and dislocation. The ultimate tensile strengths(UTSs) of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 27.1% and 38.7%, respectively. Grain refinement and martensite transformation also improved the electrochemical corrosion properties of the low-carbon steel. Overall, the SFSP samples had better mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion resistance than the NFSP samples.     

Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels

Flow and heat transfer of aqueous based silica and alumina nanofluids in microchannels were experimentally investigated. The measured friction factors were higher than conventional model predictions at low Reynolds numbers particularly with high nanoparticle concentrations. A decrease in the friction factor was observed with increasing Reynolds number, possibly due to the augmentation of nanoparticle aggregate shape arising from fluid shear and alteration of local nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid viscosity. Augmentation of the silica nanoparticle morphology by fluid shear may also have affected the friction factor due to possible formation of a core/shell structure of the particles. Measured thermal conductivities of the silica nanofluids were in approximate agreement with the Maxwell-Crosser model, whereas the alumina nanofluids only showed slight enhancements. Enhanced convective heat transfer was observed for both nanofluids, relative to their base fluids (water), at low particle concentrations. Heat transfer enhancement increased with increasing Reynolds number and microchannel hydraulic diameter. However, the majority of experiments showed a larger increase in pumping power requirements relative to heat transfer enhancements, which may hinder the industrial uptake of the nanofluids, particularly in confined environments, such as Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).     

The effects of the non-breaking surface wave-induced vertical mixing on the forecast of tropical cyclone tracks

The Weather Research and Forecasting model(WRF)is configured for the region of(15°–41°N,105°–135°E),which covers the same area with the MASNUM(Key Lab.Marine ScienceNumerical Modeling,State Oceanic Administration)wave-tide-circulation coupled operational forecast system.Three numerical experiments are implemented to investigate the effects of the real-time forecasted sea surface temperature(SST)and the nonbreaking wave-induced vertical mixing(Bv)on the track forecast of all 33 tropical cyclones(TC)in the model domain area during 2008 and 2011.The first experiment employs NCEP FNL(NCEP final analysis)SST as WRF’s bottom condition as the Control run,which is also the default setup of WRF.The second and third experiments use real-time forecasted SST from the MASNUM forecast system with and without Bv,respectively.The forecasted track results are compared with Japan Meteorological Agency’s best track data.For 24-h forecast,the averaged TC position error of Experiment with Bv is reduced by 9%compared to the Control experiment,while the forecasted track error of Experiment without Bv is reduced by only2%compared to the Control experiment.For the 48-h forecast,the averaged track errors are reduced by 10%and6%with Bv and without Bv compared to the Control experiment,respectively.These results suggest that the real-time forecasted SST can improve the performance of WRF in forecasting TC track,and the Bv plays an important role in reducing the forecast error of TC track.Comparatively,Bv can improve more on the track of stronger TC.