Services oriented architecture of foundation data platform of digital city

Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and increasing connectivity and interoperability between distributed or decentralized systems. All above these are involved Foundation Data of Digital city. To promote the sustainable development of Digital City, this paper investigates to the construction of Foundation Data Platform (FDP) from the view of the architecture. The paper introduces the conceptions, characteristics and underlying problems of the FDP, and discusses the key issues of the architecture paradigms what FDP might adopted via comparing Object-Oriented Architecture (OOA), Component-Based Architecture (CBA), and Service-based Architecture (SBA). The Process Embedded Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), one of the recent SOA Application Architecture is introduced. The results indicate that the Process Embedded SOA could promote the sustainable development of Digital City and accommodate the dynamic development environments of different fields which constantly changes requirements.     

Design of a 3-tier smart middleware system for ubiquitous sensor networks

As ubiquitous sensor networks (USN) technologies and its middleware are still at its early stages, the system of the USN relies on the middleware and applications. The past sensor networks are assumed to be designed for specific applications, having data communication protocols tightly coupled to applications. To avoid these problems, several kinds of USN middleware have been researched and developed. However, most middleware of USN are still restricted by its own infrastructure so far. This paper proposes appropriate 3 tier Smart Middleware System (3SMS) for USN.     

Improved D-IDS using the federated peer-to-peer architecture

A number of IDSs have been proposed for a networked or distributed environment. A modified D-IDS using federated peer-to-peer architecture, MCR (Multicast Reflector) and modified shaker protocol were proposed. The suggested scheme can be implemented easily and performs the information sharing between low-level IDS agents. As all users within a group monitor each other's, the common control server can perform detect intrusions with less cost and support the detection of the inside intruders.     

微观宏观两极的合拢

隐藏在原子的内心的,是宇宙结构的秘密。基本粒子物理学-关于物质的最终结构单元以及它们的结合规则的探索-是育关于小得不可再小的东西。宇宙学-关于星体、星系以及宇宙本身的起源和演化的研究-讨论天地万物中最大者。在这两个极端之间,其它科学可以按照它们所研究的系统的大小排成次序。科学的阶梯从粒子物理学开始,向上到核子物理学,原子物理学,     

审定译名,促进媒体译名规范化——新加坡华文媒介统一译名委员会工作简介

在审定译名和促进媒体译名规范化方面,新加坡华文媒介统一译名委员会成立九年来,做了许多切实有效的工作。新加坡华文媒介统一译名委员会(ＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎＳｔａｎｄａｒｄｉｚａｔｉｏｎＣｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅＦｏｒｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＭｅｄｉａ,Ｓｉｎｇａｐｏｒ...     

MODELLING RANDOM CONVEX SETS

A model is developed for convex-set valued data,which are the Minkowski sum of aconvex parameter set and a convex noise set.This model is generalized to include location and scaleparameters.A further generalization results in a model for convex sets which is analogous to aone-way analysis of variance models.In each case,estimators of the parameters are given which,under certain conditions,are shown to be consistent.Data generated from the model and theestimators are studied.An outlier detection method is examined.     

星载双站雷达:未来战争防空警戒的一种可能手段

静止轨道上的星载双站雷达(SBBR)对未来战术防空警戒是十分有用的。到本世纪九十年代中期,研制这种雷达在技术上是可行的。那时若干关键性的技术将发展成熟,可以提供应用。本文提出一种SBBR的设计方案,并根据预定的技术方案对该雷达的空间设备的重量作一粗略估算。     

韩国大学IT结构的发展

具有战略意义的信息系统会给一个组织带来极大的机遇,使其在执行商业计划和实现商业目标时获得极具竞争力的优势.大学信息系统始于最初的计算机应用,后来扩展到管理和教育信息系统,直至全方位的概念.通过实际分析和案例补充,当前的研究工作谨慎地选择了三所大学,主要基于其已经承担了从1995到2001年信息系统计划过程.而这三所学校可以从信息产业系统结构的三个组成部分(即信息结构、基结构和信息管理结构)进行比照.这三个系统领域涵盖了信息产业结构的发展,并影响着大学信息化的进程.作为满足当前客户需求的执行计划的一部分,市场中的一流大学通过获得教育和研究进步及管理效率化,将信息化作为获得更高竞争力的阶梯是显然的.研究分析结果显示,薄弱环节反映在信息管理结构上.由此,对于大学职员、管理者和教授而言,清楚信息系统的成功执行和维护的意义是至关重要的.我们的研究一定可以成为未来大学信息化工程的催化剂.     

科学与未来

本年度《新科学家》杂志主办的青年科学家论文比赛获奖者论述,尽管科学上取得了很大的进展,我们的机构仍基本上处于早期阶段,但如果我们能估计什么是需要做的和能做的话,就把它做好,我们就能满怀希望地展望未来。     

Compensatory caspase activation in MPP+-induced cell death in dopaminergic neurons

Many have hypothesized that cell death in Parkinsons disease is via apoptosis and, specifically, by the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway. We tested this hypothesis using a mouse dopaminergic cell line of mesencephalic origin, MN9D, challenged with the Parkinsonism-causing neurotoxin MPP⁺ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion). Apoptosis was the main mode of cell death when the cells were subjected to MPP⁺ treatment under serum-free conditions for 24 h. Caspase-3 and caspase-9, however, were not activated, thus indicating the existence of alternate or compensatory cell death pathway(s) in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Using caspase inhibitors, we demonstrated that these pathways involve caspase-2, –8, –6 and –7. A time-course study indicated that activation of caspase-2 and –8 occurred upstream of caspase-6 and caspase-7. Upon MPP⁺ challenge, the apoptosis-inducing factor was translocated from the mitochondria into the MN9D cytosol and nucleus. These results suggest the existence of alternative apoptotic pathways in dopaminergic neurons.Received 20 September 2004; received after revision 5 November 2004; accepted 22 November 2004