关于"沉默权"的思考

简要阐述了米兰达规则和沉默权的涵义,以及《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》所确立的一系列刑事诉讼国际准则。对我国《刑事诉讼法》第93条的规定提出了质疑,对我国签署了《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》后的司法程序与国际接轨问题作了展望,并提出了自己的观点和想法。     

Specific inhibition of a calcium dependent activation of brain cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity by vinblastine.

Vinblastine selectively inhibits the activation of brain cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity by Ca++-protein activator (50% inhibition by 2 x 10(-5) M). This inhibitory effect was reversed by excessive amounts of the activator, whereas large quantities of Ca++ caused only a slight suppression of the vinblastine effect. This result of vinblastine suggests a new site of its action and also suggests the possible role of protein activator, phosphodiesterase proteins or cyclic nucleotides in the previously known effects of vinblastine in vivo and in vitro.     

Exclusion of a luminous red giant as a companion star to the progenitor of supernova SN 2011fe

Type Ia supernovae are thought to result from a thermonuclear explosion of an accreting white dwarf in a binary system, but little is known of the precise nature of the companion star and the physical properties of the progenitor system. There are two classes of models: double-degenerate (involving two white dwarfs in a close binary system) and single-degenerate models. In the latter, the primary white dwarf accretes material from a secondary companion until conditions are such that carbon ignites, at a mass of 1.38 times the mass of the Sun. The type Ia supernova SN 2011fe was recently detected in a nearby galaxy. Here we report an analysis of archival images of the location of SN 2011fe. The luminosity of the progenitor system (especially the companion star) is 10-100 times fainter than previous limits on other type Ia supernova progenitor systems, allowing us to rule out luminous red giants and almost all helium stars as the mass-donating companion to the exploding white dwarf.     

A genetically humanized mouse model for hepatitis C virus infection

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major medical problem. Antiviral treatment is only partially effective and a vaccine does not exist. Development of more effective therapies has been hampered by the lack of a suitable small animal model. Although xenotransplantation of immunodeficient mice with human hepatocytes has shown promise, these models are subject to important challenges. Building on the previous observation that CD81 and occludin comprise the minimal human factors required to render mouse cells permissive to HCV entry in vitro, we attempted murine humanization via a genetic approach. Here we show that expression of two human genes is sufficient to allow HCV infection of fully immunocompetent inbred mice. We establish a precedent for applying mouse genetics to dissect viral entry and validate the role of scavenger receptor type B class I for HCV uptake. We demonstrate that HCV can be blocked by passive immunization, as well as showing that a recombinant vaccinia virus vector induces humoral immunity and confers partial protection against heterologous challenge. This system recapitulates a portion of the HCV life cycle in an immunocompetent rodent for the first time, opening opportunities for studying viral pathogenesis and immunity and comprising an effective platform for testing HCV entry inhibitors in vivo.     

城乡规划类专业制图软件比较分析

提高学生实验应用技能是高等学校教学改革的重要内容之一。重点分析了AutoCAD、Photoshop、Corel draw、Mapin-fo、Arcgis等城乡规划类专业制图软件的优劣势。提出了制图课程教学改革的相关对策建议:加强师资队伍建设,及时进行制图课程教学改革,加大实验室建设投入,最终达到提高城乡规划类专业学生制图操作技能之目的。     

Effect of partition coefficient on microsegregation during solidification of aluminium alloys

In the modeling of microsegregation, the partition coefficient is usually calculated using data from the equilibrium phase diagrams. The aim of this study was to experimentally and theoretically analyze the partition coefficient in binary aluminum-copper alloys. The samples were analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA), which were melted and quenched from different temperatures during solidification. The mass fraction and composition of phases were measured by image processing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) unit. These data were used to calculate as the experimental partition coefficients with four different methods. The experimental and equilibrium partition coefficients were used to model the concentration profile in the primary phase. The modeling results show that the profiles calculated by the experimental partition coefficients are more consistent with the experimental profiles, compared to those calculated using the equilibrium partition coefficients.     

法律专家系统CESALEC的设计与实现

以经济合同法为研究领域,建造为合同主体服务的法律咨询专家系统,有着重大的现实意义。本文提出了经济合同有效性及履行时风险性咨询,用受限自然语言进行法规检索的法律专家系统CESALEC的设计模型。该系统用黑板模型实现,并提出了一种适用于法律领域的知识表示方法。