高校大型仪器设备管理现状的分析与思考

高校大型仪器设备是高校从事教学、科研的重要保障条件,是衡量其教学条件、科研能力和社会服务能力的重要标志之一。通过对天津市部分高校的走访调查,就当前高校大型仪器设备管理的现状,从制度建设、大型仪器使用团队建立、共享平台建设及大型仪器联合使用等方面提出了相应的建议,籍此保障教学资源的充分利用,提高大型仪器的使用效益。     

Resolvin E1 and protectin D1 activate inflammation-resolution programmes

Resolution of acute inflammation is an active process essential for appropriate host responses, tissue protection and the return to homeostasis. During resolution, specific omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid-derived mediators are generated within resolving exudates, including resolvin E1 (RvE1) and protectin D1 (PD1). It is thus important to pinpoint specific actions of RvE1 and PD1 in regulating tissue resolution. Here we report that RvE1 and PD1 in nanogram quantities promote phagocyte removal during acute inflammation by regulating leukocyte infiltration, increasing macrophage ingestion of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vivo and in vitro, and enhancing the appearance of phagocytes carrying engulfed zymosan in lymph nodes and spleen. In this tissue terrain, inhibition of either cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenases--pivotal enzymes in the temporal generation of both pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators--caused a 'resolution deficit' that was rescued by RvE1, PD1 or aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 analogue. Also, new resolution routes were identified that involve phagocytes traversing perinodal adipose tissues and non-apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils carrying engulfed zymosan to lymph nodes. Together, these results identify new active components for postexudate resolution traffic, and demonstrate that RvE1 and PD1 are potent agonists for resolution of inflamed tissues.     

氢化物发生无色散原子荧光分析法测定水中的砷和硒的含量

采用断续流动氢化物发生无色散原子荧光分析法同时测定水中的微量砷、硒,确定了仪器及氢化物产生的最佳实验条件。测定结果表明实际样品中砷的回收率在85%~110%之间;硒的回收率在92%~102%之间,样品测量值的相对标准偏差砷在1.1%~4.8%之间,硒在5.0%~5.9%之间。本方法可一次消化样品并同时测定砷、硒的含量,具有操作简单、快速、基体干扰少、灵敏度高、分析结果稳定可靠、节省试剂等特点,并且采用自动进样,适于大量样品的快速分析。     

一种新的解锁螺栓分离时间测试方法

基于激光位移传感器测试解锁螺栓分离时间的思想,设计一种新的解锁螺栓分离时间测试方法,并设计了相应的测试系统,其测试不确定度为0.184%.通过试验得到新方法测得解锁螺栓分离时间平均值14.74ms,传统的通-断靶线法测得分离时间平均值14.60ms,三次试验均值相差0.14ms.结果表明,新方法不仅能直接有效地测试解锁螺栓分离时间,还能间接地表征解锁螺栓的分离速度、冲击加速度以及分离冲量等分离特性参数.     

辣椒红色素与辣椒素生物技术提取与分离工艺研究

利用辣椒素和辣椒红色素在不同体积分数乙醇中的溶解度差异,建立一次性提取及纯化辣椒中辣椒素和辣椒红色素的方法.经过不断的摸索和尝试,最终确立乙醇超声提取法一次性提取辣椒中的辣椒素和辣椒红色素,并对其制备条件进行优化.经试验验证,辣椒素最佳的乙醇提取体积分数为550 mL/L,最佳的提取次数为5次,最佳的提取温度为70℃;辣椒红色素最佳的乙醇提取体积分数为950 mL/L,最佳的提取次数为3次,最佳的提取温度为50℃.     

薛定谔方程的局部1维多辛格式

把局部1维思想和多辛方法相结合,研究了2维薛定谔方程的局部1维多辛格式.把2维薛定谔方程的多辛哈密尔顿形式分裂成2个局部1维的薛定谔方程的多辛方程组.对此局部1维的哈密尔顿系统用多辛格式进行离散.此种多辛格式大大提高了计算的时间效率和空间效率.     

Development of cryogenically-cooled low noise amplifier for mobile base station receivers

A new circuit model for designing and manufacturing an S-band low noise amplifier(LNA) with the software,Advanced Design System(ADS),is introduced in this paper.The proposed model involves shunted impedance at the grid to achieve a stable LNA without measuring the S-parameters of transistors at low temperatures.The LNA was measured over the operation band of 2.2-2.3 GHz,which has input and output standing wave ratios below 1.2.The noise figure of the manufactured LNA was about 0.2 dB and the gain was above 22 dB,which indicated that our LNA worked well at 77 K.     

Response of the northwestern Pacific upper water δ~(13)C to the last deglacial ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean

The deglacial δ~13C minimum events that originated from the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica, have been recorded in a range of marine sediments from the southern to tropical oceans in late Pleistocene. However, the broad δ~13C minimum event was also reported as far as to the northern middle latitudes, in northwestern Pacific marginal sea areas, during the last deglaciation. In the northwestern Pacific, forcing from the northern high latitudes is strongly expressed, while the records of in- fluence from the southern high latitudes are few. The Kuroshio Source Region (KSR) forms a boundary between the northwestern Pacific and the southern, tropical Pacific. So, high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal records in core MD06-3054 from the KSR are well positioned to identify signals from the southern hemisphere in the northwestern Pacific. Planktonic foraminiferal tests from the upper 1030 cm of the core were subject to AMS14C, carbon and oxygen isotopic measurements. A negative excursion was found to occur from about 20.0-6.0 ka BP in δ~13C records of both surface (Globigerinoides ruber) and subsurface (Pulleni- atina obliquiloculata) dwellers, but the overall trends of the two curves have reversed since 26.5 ka BP. Moreover, the δ~13C rec- ord of G. ruber (the surface dweller) shows a robust link to the record of atmospheric CO2, and its changes precede the records of P. obliquiloculata (the subsurface dweller). According to the hydrologic conditions, the broad δ~13C minimum event recorded in the KSR is also a response to the increasing ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica during the last deglaciation. The inconsistency between the records of the surface and subsurface dwellers was possibly caused by the ways that the low δ~13C signal was transmitted. Subsurface water primarily received the low δ~13C signal from the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), whereas the surface water was probably mainly impacted by atmospheric CO2 in the KSR. The records from the KSR confirm the deduction that the broad δ~13C minimum event in the Okinawa Trough was due to the impact of tropical Pacific surface water dur- ing the last deglaciation, and suggest that signals from the southern high latitudes also can be delivered to the northern middle latitudes.     

小鼠睾丸发育全过程中生精细胞的自发性凋亡

 以17组出生后不同发育阶段的昆明种正常小鼠睾丸组织为材料,采用TDT原位末端标记法在其石蜡组织切片上进行凋亡细胞原位检测,探讨小鼠睾丸发育全过程中生精细胞的自发性凋亡规律.结果发现:小鼠生精细胞从生后开始就存在自发性凋亡现象,生后1~15 d,凋亡精原细胞数目不断增加;至生后第15天时达到峰值,且15 d起个别初级精母细胞也开始出现凋亡;至27 d时,极少数次级精母细胞和精子细胞出现凋亡;至30 d时凋亡细胞基本为精原细胞;而33 d时各类型生精细胞均存在凋亡现象;至36 d时凋亡细胞又重新集中于精原细胞,并延续于此后各期.上述结果表明:小鼠睾丸发育过程中凋亡细胞主要为精原细胞;自发性凋亡活跃期发生于生后1~33 d,与生精细胞的首次发育成熟过程同步.